More and more medical devices can capture different features of human body and form three dimensional (3D) images. In clinical applications, usually it is required to fuse multiple source images containing different and crucial information into one for the purpose of assisting medical treatment. However, traditional image fusion methods are normally designed for two dimensional (2D) images and will lead to loss of the third dimensional information if directly applied to 3D data. Therefore, a novel 3D magnetic image fusion method was proposed based on the combination of newly invented beyond wavelet transform, called 3D band limited shearlet transformand (BLST), and four groups of traditional fusion rules. The proposed method was then compared with the 2D and 3D wavelet and dual-tree complex wavelet transform fusion methods through 4 groups of human brain T2* and quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) images. The experiments indicated that the performance of the method based on 3D transform was generally superior to the existing methods based on 2D transform. Taking advantage of direction representation, shearlet transform could effectively improve the performance of conventional fusion method based on 3D transform. It is well concluded, therefore, that the proposed method is the best among the methods based on 2D and 3D transforms.
Objective To explore the association between manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) Val-9Ala polymorphism and breast cancer risk and to investigate the interaction with menopausal status by meta-analysis. Methods Such databases as The Cochrane Libtary (Issue1, 2010), Pubmed, CBM, CNKI and WanFang Data were searched from the date of their establishment to October, 2010, and the case-control studies of MnSOD Val-9Ala polymorphism and breast cancer risk were collected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then the quality of the included trials was assessed and meta-analysis was performed by RevMan 4.2.10 software. Results A total of 14 studies involving 17 842 patients were included. The results of meta-analyses showed no significant relation between MnSOD Val-9Ala polymorphism and the breast cancer susceptibility (Val/Ala vs. Val/Val: OR=1.04, 95%CI 0.93 to 1.17; Ala/Ala vs. Val/Val: OR=1.12, 95%CI 0.95 to 1.33; Ala/Ala vs. Val/Ala+Val/Val: OR=1.06, 95%CI 0.93 to 1.20; Val/Ala+ Ala/Ala vs. Val/Val: OR=1.06, 95%CI 0.94 to 1.10). However, in the subgroup analysis, the breast cancer risk significantly increased for premenopausal women (Val/Ala+Ala/Ala vs. Val/Val: OR=1.15, 95%CI 1.01 to1.31). Conclusion This meta-analysis suggests that the MnSOD Val-9Ala polymorphism is not significantly associated with the breast cancer susceptibility, but it may increase the risk of breast cancer in the presence of menopausal state.
Objective To investigate association between –174C/G genetic polymorphism of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and susceptibility to gastric cancer by conducting a meta-analysis. Methods Such databases as PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang Data were searched from inception to January 2017 to collect case-control studies about the correlation between the –174C/G genetic polymorphism of IL-6 and susceptibility to gastric cancer. For the population genotype distributions of both the gastric cancer group and the control group, their odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were taken as the effect indexes were applied to conduct meta-analysis in the homozygote model (CC vs. GG), heterozygote model (GC vs. GG), dominant model (CC+CG vs. GG), recessive model (CG+GG vs. CC), and allelic genetic model (C vs. G). Two reviewers independently screened the literatures, extracted the data, and evaluated the quality of the included studies. The meta-analysis was performed using Stata 12.0 software. Results Thirteen articles were included in the final meta-analysis, covering a total of 2 062 gastric cancer cases and 3 152 controls. The results of meta-analysis showed that there was no correlation between the IL-6 –174C/G genetic polymorphism and the risk of gastric cancer〔CC vs. GG: OR=1.33, 95% CI (0.92, 1.94); GC vs. GG: OR=1.32, 95% CI (0.96, 1.82); CC+CG vs. GG: OR=1.32, 95% CI (0.97, 1.80); CG+GG vs. CC: OR=0.89, 95% CI (0.67, 1.17); C vs. G: OR=1.22, 95% CI (0.98, 1.54)〕. But the results of the subgroup analysis showed there was a significant association between the IL-6 –174 C/G genetic polymorphism and the risk of gastric cancer in Asians〔CC vs. GG: OR=1.80, 95% CI (1.29, 2.50); GC vs. GG: OR=1.51, 95% CI (1.20, 1.90); CC+CG vs. GG: OR=1.60, 95% CI (1.30, 1.96); CG+GG vs. CC: OR=0.60, 95% CI (0.44, 0.83); C vs. G: OR=1.59, 95% CI (1.24, 2.03)〕. However, no association was found in Europeans〔CC vs. GG: OR=1.11, 95% CI (0.90, 1.39); GC vs. GG: OR=1.16, 95% CI (0.98, 1.37); CC+CG vs. GG: OR=1.12, 95% CI (0.96, 1.32); CG+GG vs. CC: OR=1.07, 95% CI (0.88, 1.30); C vs. G: OR=1.04, 95% CI (0.78, 1.41)〕 . Conclusion IL-6 –174C/G genetic polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to gastric cancer in Asians, which is not associated with susceptibility to gastric cancer in Europeans.
ObjectiveTo detect the in vitro susceptibility of common clinical multidrug-resistant bacteria to tigecycline by disk diffusion (KB), minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) test strip (MTS) and Vitek 2 Compact methods, in order to evaluate the accuracy of the three different susceptibility testing methods. MethodsA total of 140 multidrug-resistant isolates (excluding Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were collected retrospectively from West China Hospital between January 2014 and March 2015. The inhibitory zone diameters and MIC of tigecycline were determined by KB, Vitek 2 Compact system and MTS respectively. The results of Vitek 2 Compact system and KB method were compared with that of MTS. ResultsAmong the 140 multidrug-resistant isolates, 119 were Acinetobacter baumannii, and 21 were Enterobacteriaceae. According to the US Food and Drug Administration standards, the sensitivity rates of 119 Acinetobacter baumannii isolates to tigecycline were 88.2%, 85.7%, and 90.8% respectively for KB method, Vitek 2 Compact system and MTS, and those of 21 Enterobacteriaceae were 76.2%, 81.0%, and 81.0%, respectively. ConclusionsTigecycline displays effective in vitro antibacterial activity to clinical common multidrug-resistant bacteria (excluding Pseudomonas aeruginosa), but different susceptibility testing methods have shown different susceptibility rates. For Acinetobacter baumannii, KB method is superior to Vitek 2 Compact system, and for Enterobacteriaceae, Vitek 2 Compact system is superior to KB method.
Objective To investigate the relationship between p53 codon 72 polymorphism and susceptibility to keloid. Methods The p53 genotypes were detected by polymerase chain reactionreverse dot blot(PCRRDB) and DNA direct sequencing among 15 healthy controls and 15 patients with keloid. Results The frequency of the Proallele(P=0.035) and Pro/Pro genotype(P=0.030) in patients was significantly higher than that in the controlls. There was no significant difference in the frequency of Pro/Arg and Arg/Arg genotypes between patients and controls. Conclusion The p53 gene codon 72 polymorphism may play a role in susceptibility to keloid.
Magnetic induction method aims at the noninvasive detection of liver iron overload by measuring the hepatic magnetic susceptibility. To solve the difficulty that eddy current effects interfere with the measurement of magnetic susceptibility, we proposed an improved coil system based on the static field magnetization principle in this study. We used a direct current excitation to eliminate the eddy current effect, and a rotary receiver coil to get the induced voltage. The magnetic field for a cylindrical object due to the magnetization effect was calculated and the relative change of maximum induced voltage was derived. The correlation between magnetic susceptibility of object and maximum magnetic flux, maximum induced voltage and relative change of maximum induced voltage of the receiver coil were obtained by simulation experiments, and the results were compared with those of the theory calculation. The contrast shows that the simulation results fit the theory results well, which proves our method can eliminate the eddy current effect effectively.
Antimicrobial resistance is a rigorous health issue around the world. Because of the short turn-around-time and broad pathogen spectrum, culture-independent metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is a powerful and highly efficient tool for clinical pathogen detection. The increasing question is whether mNGS is practical in the prediction of antimicrobial susceptibility. This review summarizes the current mNGS-based antimicrobial susceptibility testing technologies. The critical determinants of mNGS-based antibacterial resistance prediction have been comprehensively analyzed, including antimicrobial resistance databases, sequence alignment tools, detection tools for genomic antimicrobial resistance determinants, as well as resistance prediction models. The clinical challenges for mNGS-based antibacterial resistance prediction have also been reviewed and discussed.
Inappropriate and irrational prescription of antimicrobial agents has led to increasing bacterial resistance, which has become a major concern around the world. Clinical microbiology service provides a basis and guarantee for the rational application of antimicrobial agents and an important technical support for antimicrobial stewardship, and plays an important role in promoting the rational use of antimicrobial agents. This paper summarizes and evaluates the specific role and technical requirements of clinical microbiology service in the diagnosis of infectious diseases, rational application of antimicrobial agents, hospital infection control and training of medical staff, so as to provide a technical guidance for clinical microbiology service in the antimicrobial stewardship.
ObjectiveThrough Sequenom iPEX system analyzed the genetic susceptibility in patients with Medial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) which screening hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide gated channel (HCN) subunit HCN1 and HCN2 single nucleotide polymorphism blood samples. MethodsPatients with epilepsy who were diagnosed MTLE in our epileptic clinic from December 2013 to April 2016 were included in this study, total 143 cases. Healthy volunteers who received annual physical checkups were recruited to serve as controls total 120 cases. The group enter criterion according to a 2004 ILAE report mainly:①12~55 years old; ②attack forms:partial onset seizures or secondary tonic-closure-clonus attack, a common onset symptoms such as stomach gas rise feeling, sense of deja vu, automatism etc.; ③with or without febrile convulsions history; ④EEG displayed unilateral or bilateral temporal spike, sharp slow wave, or their spines slow-wave sample such as epilepsy wave; ⑤head MRI displayed hippocampal sclerosis. Exclusion criteria:①tumors; ②head MRI display focal cortical dysplasia (FCD). Using sequenom iPLEX technology platform to detect all the object of study of gene polymorphism sites total ten sites. All statistical tests were conducted using SPSS version 16.0. Resultsall sites fulfilled Hardy-Weinberg genetic balance. The results showed that HCN1 rs17344896 C/T, rs6451973 A/G and HCN2 rs12977194 A/G three polypeptide sites associated with MTLE, with statistical differences(P < 0.05). ConclusionHCN1 and HCN2 genetic suscepibility is one of possible mechanism of MTLE.
To better use the phase information to compensate the influence of blood flow, the phase unwrapping problem in susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) is studied in this paper. In order to improve the accuracy of unwrapping, this paper proposes a magnitude image-guided phase unwrapping algorithm of SWI. The basic idea is as follows: (1) reduce the influence of noise by improving the rotational invariant non-local principal component analysis method (PRI-NL-PCA); (2) extract the corresponding solid region in the phase image to avoid the influence of the background noise on the phase unwrapping method; (3) use the phase compensation method to constrain the phase image reconstructed by the K-space. Finally, the reliability of the unwrapping method is evaluated by using four kinds of statistics as quantification index: the number, mean (M), variance (Var), and positive percentage (Pos) and negative percentage (Neg) of phasic error points. By comparing the simulated data with 226 sets of true head SWI data, the results show that the proposed algorithm has high accuracy compared with the classical branch cut method and the least squares method.