ObjectiveTo realize the current status and hot issues in the field of gastric cancer imaging research, and to provide references for radiologists and gastrointestinal surgeons to grasp the overall overview of gastric cancer imaging.MethodWe downloaded the relevant literatures of gastric cancer imaging published in 2010–2020 in the Web of Science database, and used Citespace 5.7.R3 software for related visual analysis.ResultsA total of 726 articles in the field of gastric cancer imaging research were retrieved and screened. The number of gastric cancer imaging studies published from 2010 to 2020 was on the rise, with the top three countries published in China, Japan, and the United States. The clusters of co-cited literature on gastric cancer imaging: confocal laser microendoscopy, gastric cancer, gastric mucosal intestinal metaplasia, preoperative T staging, convolutional neural network, deep learning, advanced gastric cancer, in vivo differentiation, early stage gastric cancer, surgical treatment, perigastric lymph nodes, nearest neighbor algorithm, and so on. Hot words in recent research fields included: risk factors, characteristics, deep learning, chemotherapy, and neural networks.ConclusionThe imaging diagnosis of early gastric cancer and the application of artificial intelligence are the research hotspots in this field.
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of one-level posterior lumbar interbody fusion(PLIF) combined with Prospace and facet fusion using local autograft. Methods Clinical and radiographic data of 76 patients treated by this technique was reviewed from May 2002 to December 2004. Of them, there were 52 males and 24 females, with an average age of 53.2 years (2381 years), including 60 cases of degenerative disc disease, 9 cases of failed back surgery syndrome and 3 cases of spondylolysis. The disese courses were 1.2-8.7 years (mean 3.6 years). The levels of PLIF were:L 2,3 in 2 cases, L 3,4 in 7, L 4,5 in 54, L 5/S 1 in 10, L 4/S 1 in 1 and L 5,6 in 2. After decompression，Prospace was inserted into interbody space bilaterally，and located in disc space 4 mm beyond the rear edge ofthe vertebral body. Local laminectomy autograft was packed both laterally into and between 2 implants. Then the remanent local autograft was placed over facet bed. Pedicle screws were used after insertion of Prospace. Clinical results wereevaluated by the JOA score. Disc height ratio and lumbar lordosis angles were measured on lateral radiographs. Fusion status was determined by evidence of bridge trabeculae across facet joint and interbody space on CT scan without mobility in lateral dynamic X-rays, and no radiolucent gap between Prospace and endplate. Paired t test was used for statistical analysis. Results Mean blood loss and operative time was 384 ml and 178 minutes, respectively. The average JOA score at final follow-up (26.1±2.7) was significantly improved when compared with that of preoperation (14.5±4.0, P＜0.05), with a mean recovery rate of JOA score 81.1% (37.5%-100.0%). The fusion rate was 974%(74/76). Mean disc height ratio and the involved segmental lordosis angle were increased from preoperative 0.27± 0.07 and 5.8±2.2° to 0.33±0.06 and 11.3±2.0° respectively at the final followup, and the differences were significant (P＜0.05). There were no devicerelated complications. Conclusion This surgical technique combined with Prospace interbody device is a safe and effective surgical option for patients with onelevel lumbar disorders when PLIF is warranted.
Objective To review the research progress of midfacial fat compartments, and to thoroughly understand its current state of the anatomy and the aging morphologic characters of midfacial fat compartments, as well as the current status of clinical applications. Methods The recent literature concerning the midfacial fat compartments and related clinical applications were extensively reviewed and analyzed. Results Midfacial fat layer has been considered as a fusion and a continuous layer, experiencing a global atrophy when aging. As more anatomical researches have done, recent studies have shown that midfacial fat layer is broadly divided into superficial and deep layers, which are both divided into different fat compartments by fascia, ligaments, or muscles. Midfacial fat compartments tend to atrophy with age, specifically in the deep fat compartments while hypertrophy in the superficial fat compartments. Clinical applications show that fat volumetric restoration with deep medial cheek fat and Ristow’s space can restore the appearance of midface effectively. Conclusion In recent years, the researches of midfacial fat compartments have achieved obvious progress, which will provide new ideas and basis for fat volumetric restoration. Corresponding treatments are selected based on different sites and different layers with different aging changes, reshaping a more youthful midface.
The suprachoroidal space is a potential space between the sclera and choroid. Suprachoroidal spacedrug delivery is becoming an applicable method to the ocular posterior segment diseases. Because it targets the choroid, retinal pigment epithelium and retina with high bioavailability and safety, while maintaining low levels elsewhere in the eye. In recent years, new discoveries has been carried out in different areas of interest, such as drug delivery methods, pharmacokinetics and clinical trials. Clinical trials with suprachoroidal space injection of triamcinolone acetonide are executed with promising findings for patients with noninfectious uveitis and diabetic macular edema. Suprachoroidal space triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension is the first and currently the only agent specifically approved for uveitic macular edema by Food and Drug Administration. Nowadays, many clinical trails with suprachoroidal space drug delivery have been explored, although there are still many risks and uncertainties. With the development of technology in the future, suprachoroidal space drug delivery appears to be a promising treatment modality for ocular posterior segment diseases.
Objective To summarize the therapeutic effectinevess of incorporating pedicled retrograde flap of forearm transplantation for reconstructing severe contracture of the first web space and wrist. Methods Between November 2005 and February 2010, 26 patients with severe contracture of the first web and wrist were treated. There were 18 males and 8 females with an average age of 27 years (range, 12-45 years). The locations were the right sides in 15 cases and the left sides in 11cases. The injury reason included hot water scald in 7 cases, explosion hurt in 5 cases, traffic accident in 3 cases, hot pressing in 5 cases, and flame burns in 6 cases. The duration of scar contracture ranged from 6 to 26 months with an average of 11 months. According to the evaluation standard by GU Yudong et al., all had severe contracture of the first web space, and concomitant injuries included adduction deformity thumb, l imitation of the thumb extension and opposition function, and carpometacarpal flexion joint deformity. After scar contracture was released, the defect size ranged from 5.8 cm × 4.5 cm to 11.3 cm × 7.2 cm, which were repaired by the incorporating pedicled retrograde flap of forearm of 6.5 cm × 5.0 cm to 12.5 cm × 8.0 cm at size. The donor sites were directly sutured or repaired with skin graft. Results Bl ister and partial necrosis occurred at the distal end of the flaps in 2 cases, which were cured after dressing change. The other flaps survived and wounds healed by first intention. Incisions at donor sites healed by first intention. Twenty-six patients were followed up 6 to 24 months (mean, 15 months). The patients had functional recovery in thumb adduction and opposition at different degrees. At 6 months after operation, according to the Swanson et al. AMA system for total thumb activity, the total thumb function was improved significantly, and according to Jensen et al. measurement, the width and angle of the first web space were significantly increased, all showing significant differences (P lt; 0.05). Conclusion Incorporating pedicled retrograde flap of forearm transplantation for repairing severe contracture of the first web space and wrist could augment the first web space and improve the wrist flexible function.
This paper presents a kind of automatic segmentation method for white blood cell based on HSI corrected space information fusion. Firstly, the original cell image is transformed to HSI colour space conversion. Because the transformation formulas of H component piecewise function was discontinuous, the uniformity of uniform visual cytoplasm area in the original image was lead to become lower in this channel. We then modified formulas, and then fetched information of nucleus, cytoplasm, red blood cells and background region according to distribution characteristics of the H, S and I-channel, using the theory and method of information fusion to build fusion imageⅠand fusion imageⅡ, which only contained cytoplasm and a small amount of interference, and fetched nucleus and cytoplasm respectively. Finally, we marked the nucleus and cytoplasm region and obtained the final result of segmentation. The simulation results showed that the new algorithm of image segmentation for white blood cell had high accuracy, robustness and universality.
Objective To investigate the influence of different transplantating times on the survival and immigration of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in injured spinal cord by subarachnoid administration, and to evaluate the most optimal subarachnoid administration times for BMSCs. Methods Eight adult male rats (weighing 120 g) were used to isolate BMSCs that were cultured, purified and labeled with Hoechst 33342 in vitro. Another 75 adult Wistar rats (weighing 220 g) were made the spinal cord injury (SCI) models at T9,10 level according to the improved Allen’s method and were randomly divided into 5 groups (groups A, B, C, D, and E, n=15). The labeled BMSCs at 1 × 107/mL 0.1 mL were injected into subarachnoid space of the rats via a catheters under the subarachnoid space in groups A (one time at 1 week), B ( two times at 1 and 3 weeks), C (3 times at 1, 3, and 5 weeks) and D (5 times at 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 weeks) and 0.2 mL phosphate-buffered sal ine (PBS) was injected in group E (5 times at 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 weeks) as blank control. The neurological functions were evaluated using the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) scale 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 12 weeks after transplantation. The migration, survival, differentiation, and histomorphological changes of BMSCs were observed by HE, immunohistochemistry, and fluorescence microscopy. Results At 3 weeks after injury, there were significant differences in the BBB scores between group E and groups A, B, C, D (P lt; 0.01), and between groups A, B and groups C, D (P lt; 0.01). At 7, 9, and 12 weeks, the BBB scores were significantly higher in groups C and D than in groups A and B (P lt; 0.01), and in group B than in group A (P lt; 0.01). There were no significant differences in the BBB scores between groups C and D (P gt; 0.05). The fluorescence microscopy showed that the transplanted BMSCs survived and grew in the injured region at 3 weeks after injury and as time went on, the transplanted cells gradually decreased in group A; in groups B, C, and D, BMSCs count reached the peak values at 5 and 7 weeks and then gradually decreased. At 12 weeks, the survival BMSCs were significantly more in groups C and D than in groups A and B (P lt; 0.01). HE staining showed that the formation of cavity was observed in each group at 3 weeks after injury and the area of cavity gradually decreased in groups A, B, C, and D. At 12 weeks, the area of cavity was the miximal in groups C and D, moderate in groups A and B, and the maximal in group E. The immunohistochemistry staining indicated that the expression of NF-200 was more intense in groups C and D than in groups A and B. The expression of NF-200-positive fibers was more intense in group C. Conclusion Multiple administration of BMSCs promotes the restoration of injured spinal cord and improves neurological functions, and three times for BMSCs transplantation is best
Objective To explore the important role of preperitoneal space in laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal （TAPP） and totally extraperitoneal （TEP） hernia repair. Methods The clinical data of 66 patients （78 sides） performed laparoscopic TAPP and TEP hernia repair from January 2008 to April 2011 in this hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Results TAPP hernia repair were performed in 16 cases （20 sides），TEP hernia repair were performed in 50 cases （58 sides）. Three cases of TEP hernia repair transferred to TAPP hernia repair. The unilateral operation time was （86.92±36.38） min，intraoperative bleeding was （6.08±3.43） ml. Postoperative complication rate was 16.7% （11/66），including 3 cases of postoperative serum swelling，3 cases of temporary paraesthesia of nerve feeling in the repair area，2 cases of scrotum emphysema，2 cases of urinary retention，and 1 case of intestinal obstruction. There were 2 cases of recurrence. The hospital stay was （4.52±0.99） d. The return to activities and working time was （10.32±1.86） d after discharge. Sixty-six cases were followed up for （18.56±1.96） months （range 1-38 months），the patch infection，chronic pain，and testicular atrophy complications were not been observed. Conclusions Acquainting and mastering laparoscopic preperitoneal space and its important structure are the key to avoid intraoperative and postoperative complications of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair.
Objective To investigate the effectiveness of dorsal metacarpal island flap for treating scar contracture of the finger web. Methods Between June 2009 and December 2010, 10 patients with scar contracture of the finger web were treated. There were 6 males and 4 females with an average age of 30 years (range, 14-57 years). Scar contracture was caused byinjury in 8 cases, by burn in 1 case, and by operation in 1 case. The locations were the 1st web space in 1 case, the 2nd web space in 3 cases, the 3rd web space in 5 cases, and the 4th web space in 1 case. The disease duration was 3 to 9 months with an average of 5 months. The maximum abduction was 10-20°. After web space scar release, the dorsal metacarpal island flap (3.5 cm × 1.2 cm-4.0 cm × 2.0 cm in size) was used to reconstruct web space (2.0 cm × 1.0 cm-3.0 cm × 1.8 cm in size). The donor site was directly sutured or repaired with local flaps. Results At 2 days after operation, necrosis occurred in 1 flap, which healed by extractive treatment. The other flaps survived and wound healed by first intention; all the flaps at donor sites survived and incision healed by first intention. Ten patients were followed up 6 to 15 months (mean, 9 months). The reconstructed web space had good appearance, the maximum abduction was 80 ° in 1 case of the 1st web space scars contracture, and the maximum abduction was 35-45° (mean, 40°) in the other 9 cases. In 8 scar patients causing by injury, no scar contracture recurred during follow-up. Conclusion It can achieve good results in appearance and function to use dorsal metacarpal island flap for treating scar contracture of the finger web.
【Abstract】ObjectiveBy using multidetectorrow spiral CT (MDCT), to investigate the CT imaging features of inflammatory diseases in retroperitoneal space with correlation of radiological anatomy.MethodsThe clinical and laboratory dada of 30 patients with proven inflammatory diseases of retroperitoneal space were collected. All patients underwent MDCT plain scanning and portal venous acquisition. CT imaging data generated at portal venous phase were processed with coronal, sagittal and oblique multiplanar reformation (MPR) technique.ResultsAcute pancreatitis and various types of renal infection were the two main sources of retroperitoneal inflammation. Depending on the specific anatomic locations, retroperitoneal inflammation of different subspaces demonstrated characteristic imaging features. Spreading of inflammatory process across subspaces was also quite common.ConclusionMDCT is the imaging method of choice to depict comprehensively and clearly the inflammatory diseases of various retroperitoneal spaces.