Objective To systematically review prediction models of small for gestational age (SGA) based on machine learning and provide references for the construction and optimization of such a prediction model. Methods The PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, CBM, WanFang Data, VIP and CNKI databases were electronically searched to collect studies on SGA prediction models from database inception to August 10, 2022. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, evaluated the risk of bias of the included studies, and conducted a systematic review. Results A total of 14 studies, comprising 40 prediction models constructed using 19 methods, such as logical regression and random forest, were included. The results of the risk of bias assessment from 13 studies were high; the area under the curve of the prediction models ranged from 0.561 to 0.953. Conclusion The overall risk of bias in the prediction models for SGA was high, and the predictive performance was average. Models built using extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) demonstrated the best predictive performance across different studies. The stacking method can improve predictive performance by integrating different models. Finally, maternal blood pressure, fetal abdominal circumference, head circumference, and estimated fetal weight were important predictors of SGA.
At present, balanced scorecard is widely used in hospital performance management, but because of the difficulty in selecting indicators and the ambiguity of causality, its implementation on the application level is limited. Based on the theory of “competitive advantage” and resource arrangement, this study constructs an improved balanced scorecard index system for discipline performance evaluation from the perspective of improving discipline competitiveness of Ningbo No.2 Hospital. The index system mainly includes the dimensions of discipline quality development, resource allocation efficiency and so on, with the characteristics of “focusing on advantages, accurate positioning” and innovation, and has achieved good results in practical application.
PURPOSE:To investigale the influence of orally administered aldose reduetace inhibitor(ARI) and myo-inositol (MI)for contents of gluecose,sorbitol and myo-inositol in experimental diabetic retinal tissue in rat. METHODS :The STZ-induced diabetic rats were administered ARI or MI by oral. The glucose sorbitol and myo-inositol in retinal tissues were analysed by high performance liquid chromatography after experimental period of 6 montbs. RESULTS:It was found that the contents of glucose and sorhitol were increased and myo inosltol was decreased in diabetic group. In diabetes with ARI group.the content of sorbitol was increased although the glucose was in high level. In diabetes wilb MI group,the sorbitol accumulaled and coment of myo-inositol was close to the normal control group. CONCLUSIONS:The ARI can effectively obstruct sorbitol accumulation in retina. MI increase myo-inositol level but fail to reduce sorbitol contenl of retina. （Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1997,13: 75-77 ）
ObjectiveTo understand the nutritional status of vitamin D in some children aged 0-14 in Mianyang during the past 3 years and the changes of vitamin D nutritional status under home protection during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the monitoring and reasonable supplementation of vitamin D in children in this area after the epidemic.MethodsThe clinical data of children aged 0-14 who underwent physical examination in the Children’s Health Department of Mianyang Central Hospital from January to April 2018, from January to April 2019 and from January to April 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. High performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was used to detect vitamin D, including vitamin D2, vitamin D3 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in children’s serum. The differences in vitamin D components and 25(OH)D between different genders, different age groups, and different years were analyzed.ResultsA total of 12 348 children were included. The average vitamin D2 was (4.89±6.02) ng/mL, the average vitamin D3 was (22.91±9.29) ng/mL, the average 25(OH)D was (27.81±10.53) ng/mL, and 9 434 cases had sufficient 25(OH)D. The differences in vitamin D2, vitamin D3, 25(OH)D and 25(OH)D nutritional status in 2018, vitamin D2 and 25(OH)D in 2019, and vitamin D2 in 2020 between different genders were not statistically significant (P>0.05). There were statistically significant differences in vitamin D3 and 25(OH)D nutritional status in 2019, vitamin D3, 25(OH)D and 25(OH)D nutritional status in 2020 between different genders (P<0.05). From 2018 to 2020, vitamin D2 was the highest in infant group (P<0.05), while vitamin D3, 25(OH)D and 25(OH)D nutritional status were the highest in children group (P<0.05); vitamin D2 (χ2=143.106, P<0.001) showed an overall downward trend, vitamin D3 (F=400.178, P<0.001) and 25(OH)D (F=447.384, P<0.001) showed an overall upward trend; 25(OH)D nutritional status (χ2=103.566, P<0.001) was the highest in 2019.ConclusionsThe overall vitamin D nutritional status of children in Mianyang area is acceptable. Under the home protection, the average level of children’s serum 25(OH)D has little change, while the nutritional status of 25(OH)D has decreased significantly. After the outbreak of COVID-19, more attention should be paid to the monitoring and supplementation of vitamin D in school-age female children.
Currently, as the key raw material of artificial biological heart valve, bovine pericardium is mainly depend on import and has become a “bottleneck” challenge, greatly limiting the development of domestic biological heart valve. Therefore, the localization of bovine pericardium is extremely urgent. In this study, the pericardium of Sichuan yak was compared with that of Australian cattle in terms of fundamental properties and anti-calcification performance. The results demonstrated that the appearance and thickness of yak pericardium were more advantageous than the Australian one. Sichuan yak pericardium and Australian cattle pericardium had comparable performance in shrinkage temperature, mechanical test and anti-calcification test. This study preliminarily verifies the feasibility of substitution of Australian cattle pericardium by Sichuan yak pericardium and promotes the progression of bovine pericardium localization with data support.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the efficacy of pay-for-performance (P4P) for primary care physicians (PCPs). MethodsThe Cochrane Library, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, EMbase, Web of Science, PubMed, Dissertations and Theses Database, EconLit, CNKI, WanFang Data, IDEAS, and POPLINE were searched to collect studies on the efficacy of P4P for PCPs from inception to May 2021. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Statistical analysis was then performed by using RevMan 5.4 software. ResultsA total of 10 studies were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that P4P incentives possibly improved child immunization status (RR=1.27, 95%CI 1.19 to 1.36, P<0.001), slightly improved primary care physicians’ prescribing of guideline-recommended antihypertensive medicines compared with existing payment method (RR=1.07, 95%CI 1.02 to 1.12, P=0.006), and improved a mixed outcome measure of service provision and patient health outcomes (RR=1.13, 95%CI 1.04 to 1.23, P=0.004). ConclusionsCurrent evidence shows that P4P possibly increases the quantity of health service provision and improve quality of service provision for targeted populations. The effects of P4P on health outcomes is uncertain. Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high-quality studies are required to verify the above conclusions.
This study aims to explore the differences of event related potential (ERP) between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and normal children, so that these differences provide scientific basis for the diagnosis of ADHD. Eight children were identified to be ADHD group by the diagnostic criteria of DSM IV (diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders IV), and the control group also consisted of 8 normal children. Modified visual continuous performance test (CPT) was used as the experiment paradigm. The experiment included two major conditions, i.e. Go and NoGo. All the 16 subjects participated in the study. A high density EEG acquisition instrument was used to record the EEG signal and processed these EEG data by means of ERP and spectrum analysis. P2 N2 peak peak value and spectral peak around 11 Hz were analyzed between ADHD subjects and those in the control group, and then statistical tests were applied to these two groups. Results showed that: ① Under the condition of Go, ADHD group had a significant lower P2 N2 peak peak value than the values in the control group ( P< 0.05); but under the condition of NoGo there was no significant difference in between. ② Compared with the control group, the ADHD group had significant lower spectral amplitude around 11 Hz under the condition of NoGo ( P< 0.05). However, under the condition of Go the difference was insignificant. In conclusion, there is certain cognitive dysfunction in ADHD children. P2-N2 peak-peak value and spectral peak around 11 Hz could be considered as clinical evaluation indexes of ADHD children′s cognitive function. These two objective indexes provide an early diagnosis and effective treatment of ADHD .
Computer-aided detection (CAD) of pulmonary nodule technology can effectively assist the radiologist to enhance lung nodule detection efficiency and accuracy rate, so it can lay the foundation for the early diagnosis of lung cancer. In order to provide reference for the scholars and to develop the CAD technology, we in this paper review the technology research and development of CAD of the pulmonary nodules which is based on CT image in recent years both home and abroad. At the same time, we also analyse the advantages and shortcomings of different methods. Then we present the improvement direction for reference. According to the literature in recent years, there still has been large development space in CAD technology for pulmonary nodules. The establishment and improvement of the CAD system in each step would be of great scientific value.
ObjectivesTo examine the cognitive performance among the elderly and associated influencing factors.MethodsUsing data from the six issues of Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) conducted from 1998 to 2011, selecting adults aged 80 years or above, multilevel hierarchical model was utilized to estimate the trend of the elderly's cognitive performance and its influencing factors.ResultsA total of 128 cases were studied. The descent in MMSE was not significant with the growth of age (P=0.834). Female's MMSE scores were lower than male's (P=0.011) and descended quicker (P=0.015). Furthermore, ADL status and level of leisure activity were significantly related to the cognitive performance of both male and female (P<0.05).ConclusionsParticipation in leisure activities were the crucial protective factor for cognitive performance. It's recommended that measures be taken respectively for elderly males and females, and policies be stressed to enhance their cognitive performance, thus to guarantee their healthy aging.