Objective To evaluate the effects of the polypeptide growth factors on the periodontal ligament cell(PDLC) based on a comprehensive review onthe literature concerned. Methods The recent literature related to the effects of the polypeptide growth factors on the PDLC were extensivelyand comprehensively reviewed and a corresponding evaluation was made. Results The proliferation and the multidirectional differentiation of thePDLC were found to be the basis for the regeneration of the periodontal tissues. The effects of the polypeptide growth factors on the function of the PDLC became a hot issue of the research on the regeneration of the periodontal tissues. The polypeptide growth factors were found to play an important role in the migration, growth, proliferation, differentiation, and synthesis of protein and matrixof the PDLC. Conclusion The polypeptide growth factors can beused in the periodontal regeneration treatment, but a further research is stillrequired to improve this kind of treatment.
Objective To investigate the prognostic value of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) for short-term all-cause mortality in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (APE). Methods Such databases as PubMed, EMbase, Central Register of Controlled Trials, CBM, and CNKI (from the date of their establishments to March 2010) were searched. The level of BNP and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) was collected to conduct eligible cohort study for assessing their effects on APE prognosis. Quality assessment and data extraction were performed in those clinical trials in line with the inclusion criteria. Then, RevMan 5.0 software was applied to carry out meta-analyses. Results Sixteen relevant studies with 1 126 APE patients were included. Nine studies reported BNP level and seven studies reported NT-pro BNP level. There was less satistical and clinical Heterogeneity among the groups (P=0.94, I2=0; P=0.99, I2=0). The meta-analyses results showed: the BNP or NT-pro BNP level was closely related with the short-term all-cause mortality. SPE was 0.52, + LR was 1.87, –LR was 0.20, PPV was 0.16, NPV was 0.98, SROC area under the curve was 0.830 5, SE (AUC) = 0.033 5.Conclusion While elevated BNP levels can help to identify APE patients at a higher risk of death, the high negative predictive value of normal BNP levels is more useful for doctors to identify patients with less likelihood of adverse events so as to conduct a selective follow-up.
Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) for cardiac dyspnea.Methods Plasma BNP levels were measured by radioimmunoassay in dyspnea patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) (n=52) or without CHF (n=30) and normal control group (n=28).Results The BNP level in dyspnea patients with CHF was significantly higher than that of dyspnea patients without CHF and normal control group [(649.80±141.72) pg/mL vs (59.08±18.60) pg/mL and (65.20±16.32) pg/mL，respectively,Plt;0.05].There was no significant difference of BNP level between dyspnea patients without CHF and normal group (Pgt;0.05).The plasma BNP level elevated with the worsening of heart failure (NYHA Classiffication).The BNP level in dyspnea patients with CHF was negatively correlated with left ventricle ejection fraction (r=－0.673，Plt;0.001).The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) is 0.91(0.88-0.98，Plt;0.001) with a sensitivity of 87.2% and a specificity of 86.8% at the cutoff value of 206 pg/mL.Conclusion Measurement of plasma BNP is a rapid diagnostic method for cardiac dyspnea.
Objective To investigate the perioperative changes of serum brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) concentrations in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement. Methods There were 20 patients admitted to the study, the serum BNP concentrations were measured before cardiac surgery, 24 hours, 7days, 14 days, and 30 days after operation. The preoperative NYHA cardiac function and the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) were measured by echocardiogram. Results The preoperative BNP level was the baseline, it elevated markedly and acutely to a peak value 24 hours after operation ( P =0.003), then the BNP decreased 7 days later, but was still higher than the concentration before operation ( P =0.015), 14 days later it reached to the concentration before operation, 30 days later it was mild lower than preoperative BNP level, but there was no significant difference. There was a positive correlation between NYHA and BNP ( r =0.69, P lt;0.05), but no correlation between LVEF and BNP( r =0.29, P gt;0 05). Conclusion The preoperative serum BNP concentration can reflect the preoperative cardiac function in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement, the high BNP level indicates the poor cardiac function. The BNP sharply elevated in the early time after operation, then gradually decreased in the late phase postoperation.
Objective To review the fundamental research and the experimental study in the nerve tissue engineering of self-assembl ing peptide nanofiber scaffold (SAPNS). Methods The l iterature concerning basic and experimental studies on SAPNS in the nerve tissue engineering was extensively reviewed. Results SAPNS can promote the neural stem cell adhesion,prol iferation, differentiation and neuron axon outward growth and extension, promote extracellular matrix synthesis and inhibit gl ial cell adhesion and differentiation, and simulate the environment of a cell in the body. Conclusion SAPNS is an ideal matrix material and provides a new way for the repair of nerve tissue injury.
Objective To explore the pulmonary arterial pressure level in patients with predialysis chronic kidney disease ( CKD) and its relationship to cardiac structure and function. Methods 397 patients with predialysis CKD and 50 healthy subjects were enrolled. Cardiac structure was evaluated by Doppler echocardiography. Glomerular filtration rate ( GFR ) were assessed by radiant 99mTc-DTPA.Differences of PAP, BNP, LA, IVST, LVDd, LVDs, LVEF, LVMI and the correlation of PAP with cardiac structure and function were examined. Results The PAP level in the predialysis CKD patients was much higher than that in the healthy subjects [ ( 33. 13 ±9. 00) mm Hg vs. ( 29. 43 ±3. 71) mmHg, P lt;0. 01] .18. 9% of the CKD patients were complicated with pulmonary hypertension. PAP was higher in the CKD patients in stages 4-5 than those CKD patients in stages 1-3 [ ( 35. 90 ±9. 34) mmHg vs. ( 32. 08 ±8. 62)mmHg, P lt;0. 01) ] , so as to the prevalene of pulmonary hypertension ( 21. 60% vs. 13. 47% , P lt;0. 01) .Compared with the healthy, the level of lnBNP [ ( 3. 59 ±1. 63) pg/mL vs. ( 2. 88 ±1. 51) pg/mL, P lt;0. 01] , LA [ ( 40. 42 ±6. 77) mmvs. ( 36. 75 ±4. 94) mm, P lt; 0. 01) ] , LVPW [ ( 9. 55 ±1. 96) mm vs.( 8. 54 ±0. 88) mm, P lt; 0. 01) ] , IVST [ ( 9. 76 ±1. 75) mm vs. ( 8. 71 ±0. 90) mm, P lt; 0. 01) ] , LVMI[ ( 105. 61 ±36. 47) g/m2 vs. ( 87. 41 ±17. 08) g/m2 , P lt; 0. 01) ] were all much higher. There was a negative correlation between PAP and GFR( r = - 0. 461, P lt;0. 01) , and positive correlations between PAP and LA ( r=0. 491, P lt; 0. 01) , LVPW ( r =0. 298, P lt;0. 01) , IVST ( r = 0. 613, P lt;0. 01) , lnBNP ( r =0. 536, P lt;0. 01) , LVMI ( r = 0. 382, P lt;0. 01) . LVMI and lnBNP were both independent risk factors of PAP. The regression equation: y = 16. 447 + 0. 105x1 + 1. 724x2 ( F = 23. 482, P = 0. 000) , y: PAP( mm Hg) , x1 : LVMI( g/m2 ) , x2 : lnBNP( pg/mL) . Conclusions Pulmonary hypertension is a common morbidity of predialysis CKD patients, and deteriorates with degression of renal function. PAP is related to indexes of cardiac structure ( LVMI, LA, LVPW, IVST) and index of cardiac function ( lnBNP) . LnBNP and LVMI are independent risk factors of PAP.
Objective To evaluate the value of preoperative B-type natriuretic peptide （BNP） level in predicting new onset atrial fibrillation （AF） in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting （CABG）. Methods We electronically searched PubMed，EMbase，Cochrane library，CNKI and VIP databases from the establishment of those databases to November 2012. Evaluation standard of diagnostic tests was used to identify and screen literatures which investigated correlations between preoperative BNP levels and new onset AF of patients after CABG. Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies （QUADAS） was used to evaluate study quality of included literatures. RevMan 5.0 was used for heterogeneity test. Meta-Disc 1.4 software was used for meta-analysis. Included studies were weighted and then combined. Sensitivity，specificity，diag- nostic odds ratio （DOR），positive likelihood ratio，negative likelihood ratio and corresponding 95% confidence interval（95% CI）were calculated. Summary receiver operating characteristic （SROC） curve was drawn，and the area under the SROC curve （AUC） was analyzed. Results A total of 236 studies were identi?ed，and 5 studies met the eligibility criteria including 802 patients for analysis. There were 228 patients with postoperative new onset AF，and 574 patients without postoperative AF. The quality of the included literature was relatively high. DOR of preoperative elevated BNP level with postoperative new onset AF was 4.15 with 95% CI 2.90 to 5.95. Pooled sensitivity was 0.78 with 95% CI 0.72 to 0.83，pooled specificity was 0.58 with 95% CI 0.54 to 0.58，pooled positive likelihood ratio was 1.91 with 95% CI 1.42 to 1.56，pooled negative likelihood ratio was 0.42 with 95% CI 0.32 to 0.54，and the AUC of SROC was 0.79 （Q=0.72）. Conclusion Preoperative elevated BNP level is significantly correlated with new onset AF after CABG，is a powerful predictor of postoperative AF，and can be used to predict new onset AF after CABG to a certain extent of reliability.
【 Abstract】 Objective To construct a lentiviral expression vector carrying Nogo extra cellular peptide residues 1-40(NEP1-40) and to obtain NEP1-40 efficient and stable expression in mammalian cells. Methods The DNA fragment ofNEP1-40 coding sequence was ampl ified by PCR with designed primer from the cDNA l ibrary including NEP1-40 gene, and then subcloned into pGC-FU vector with in-fusion technique to generate the lentiviral expression vector, pGC-FU-NEP1-40. The positive clones were screened by PCR and the correct NEP1-40 was confirmed by sequencing. Recombinant lentiviruses were produced in 293T cells after the cotransfection of pGC-FU-NEP1-40， and packaging plasmids of pHelper 1.0 and pHelper 2.0. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression of infected 293T cells was observed to evaluate gene del ivery efficiency. NEP1-40 protein expression in 293T cells was detected by Western blot. Results The lentiviral expression vector carrying NEP1-40 was successfully constructed by GFP observation， and NEP1-40 protein expression was detected in 293T cells by Western blot. Conclusion The recombinant lentivirus pGC-FU-NEP1-40 is successfully constructed and it lays a foundation for further molecular function study of NEP1-40.
ObjectiveTo probe plasma calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) levels during thrombolytic therapy in patients with iliofemoral venous thrombosis in order to investigate its regularity of the alteration and its clinical significance.MethodsFifty patients with acute iliofemoral venous thrombosis and 30 patients with chronic iliofemoral venous thrombosis were given urokinase and prostaglandin E1 from veins for 15 days. The CGRP levels were determined by radioimmunoassay before treatment and on the 6th hour, 1st day, 3rd day, 7th day, 14th day, 30th day after treatment.ResultsThe plasma CGRP levels were increased in patients with acute iliofemoral venous thrombosis compared with the contrast ones. The CGRP levels in serious group was lower than those in mild group. However, the CGRP levels of 30 chronic patients and 12 patients who received the second course of thrombolysis as on effective were not different from those of contrast ones. The plasma CGRP levels were increased at the 6th hour,reached the peak at the 3th day and returned to normal at the 14th day after thrombolytic therapy in acute group which just consistent with the therapeutic effectiveness.ConclusionIt is helpful to judge whether the thrombolytic therapy is effective and the illness has come to chronic stage according to the levels of plasma CGRP in patients with iliofemoral venous thrombosis.
ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of phosphorylatable short peptide (pSP) conjugated chitosan (CS) (pSP-CS) mediated insul in-l ike growth factor 1 (IGF-1) gene and human interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) gene local transfection on the repair of articular cartilage defect. MethodsCo-expression plasmid pBudCE4.1-IL-1Ra+IGF-1, single gene expression plasmid pBudCE4.1-IL-1Ra and pBudCE4.1-IGF-1 were constructed and combined with pSP-CS to form pSP-CS/ pDNA complexes. Thirty 3-month-old healthy male New Zealand white rabbits, weighing 2.0-2.5 kg, double legs were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=12). Lateral femoral condyle articular surface was only exposed in sham-operated group (group A); full-thickness cartilage defects were created in the articular surface of the lateral femoral condyle of the knee in 4 intervention groups: pSP-CS/pBudCE4.1 (group B), pSP-CS/pBudCE4.1-IL-1Ra (group C), pSP-CS/pBudCE4.1-IGF-1(group D), and pSPCS/ pBudCE4.1-IL-1Ra+IGF-1 (group E). At 1 week after operation, intra-articular injection of pSP-CS/pDNA complexes was administrated 2 times a week for 7 weeks in each intervention group, the same volume normal sal ine in group A. The general condition of animal was observed after operation, and rabbits were sacrificed at 8 weeks. Knee joint synovial fluid was collected to measure the concentrations of the IL-1Ra and IGF-1 by ELISA; mRNA expressions of Aggrecan, matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3), and MMP inhibitor 1 (TIMP-1) were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR; the chondrogenic phenotype of nascent cells in the damage zone was identified by alcian blue-periodic acid/schiff (AB-PAS) histochemistry and Aggrecan immunohistochemistry staining. ResultsThirty experimental rabbits all survived to the end of experiment, without infection and death. Large amounts of exogenous proteins of IGF-1 and IL-1Ra were detected in the synovial fluid of 4 intervention groups. There were significant differences between groups D, E and group A in IGF-1 protein expression, and between goups C, E and group A in IL-1Ra protein expression (P < 0.05). Aggrecan and TIMP-1 mRNA expressions were significantly up-regulated in group E, simultaneously MMP-3 mRNA expression was significantly down-regulated when compared with groups C and D (P < 0.05). Varying degrees of cartilage repair appeared in groups C, D, and E, showing positive staining of AB-PAS and Aggrecan, and group E had better results than groups C and D (P < 0.05); inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrous tissue prol iferation were seen in the defect region of group B, without significant cartilage repairing. ConclusionpSP-CS is an ideal gene del ivery system for cartilage defect gene therapy; IL-1Ra and IGF-1 double gene transfection has better biologic effect on cartilage defect repair.