Objective To summarize the methods and applications for quantitative measurement of iron in human.Methods The methods and applications for quantitative measurement of iron in human were analyzed retrospectively via reviewing the literatures domesticly and abroad， and summarized the advantages and disadvantages respectively. Results The methods for quantitative measurement of iron included laboratory tests， pathology examinations， CT， superconducting quantum interference device investigation （SQUID）， and MRI. Conclusions Laboratory test is the most simple and economic method for quantitative measurement of iron in human. Percutaneous liver biopsy is the gold standardmethod. Radiologic examinations， especially MRI， may be main methods of measuring liver iron content in future.
This article briefly introduces the management of clinical trials of investigational new drugs, hospital-made preparations, post-marketing drugs and other types of clinical trials. The WHO International Clinical Trial Register Platform (WHO ICTRP), Chinese Clinical Trial Register (ChiCTR) and Chinese Clinical Trial Registration and Publishing Collaboration (ChiCTRPC) are also described. People conducting trials are advised to apply the basic philosophy of evidence-based medicine in their implementation, which is considered to be one of the guarantees of the validity of clinical trials.
Objective To evaluate the current status of human resources in healthcare-associated infection prevention and control (infection control) in Jiangxi Province, and explore the impact of emergency public health events on the human resources of infection control professionals in various levels and types of medical institutions. Methods From October 1st to 31st, 2023, questionnaire and on-site interviews were conducted to investigate the human resources situation of infection control professionals in various levels and types of medical institutions in Jiangxi Province. Three stages were selected for the investigation: before the outbreak of COVID-19 (before the event, December 2019), during the event (June 2022), and after the transition of COVID-19 (after the event, June 2023), focusing on the characteristics of human resources between before the event and after the event by the comparative analysis. Results Finally, 289 medical institutions were included. There was a statistically significant difference in the number of infection control professionals in medical institutions among 2019, 2022, and 2023 (χ2=189.677, P<0.001). The number of infection control professionals in 2019 was lower than that in 2022 (P<0.001) and 2023 (P<0.001), but there was no statistically significant difference between 2022 and 2023 (P=0.242). The number of infection control professionals per thousand beds in 2019, 2022, and 2023 was 4.40, 6.16, and 5.76, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between 2019 and 2023 in terms of professional titles, gender, educational level, or professional background (P>0.05). Conclusion Emergency public health events have promoted the increase in the number of infection control professionals, but there is no statistical significance in the professional titles, educational level, or professional background of infection control professionals.
ObjectiveTo investigate the medical quality of rehabilitation departments in medical institutions at all levels in Shenzhen and analyze the problems, so as to promote the continuous improvement of rehabilitation care quality in this city.MethodsFrom September to November 2019, a field investigation was carried out in 53 rehabilitation departments in Shenzhen. Five dimensions were scored by experts, including professional capacity, rules and regulations, knowledge and skills, supervision and feedback, and hospital infection control. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to characterize the data, and one-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the difference among different level hospitals.ResultsThe average score of rehabilitation medical care quality in Shenzhen was 83.98±8.28. The average score of tertiary, secondary, and primary hospitals were 85.61±7.02, 84.54±7.83, and 77.55±10.60, respectively, and the difference among different level hospitals was statistically significant (P<0.05). According to the standard score, the highest score was in the dimension of supervision feedback (95.75±6.50), and the lowest score was in the dimension of knowledge and skills (77.27±14.64).ConclusionThe overall quality of rehabilitation care in Shenzhen needs to be improved, and the management and professional training systems need to be established.
ObjectiveTo investigate the incidence, severity and longitudinal trajectories of symptoms at various time points in the perioperative period of lung cancer patients, and to provide scientific basis for clinical staff to implement predictive nursing and dynamic management of symptom clusters. MethodsA prospective longitudinal investigation was conducted. The patients with lung cancer who underwent thoracoscopic lung surgery in four wards of the Department of Thoracic Surgery in our hospital were investigated by face-to-face and telephone follow-up before surgery, 1-2 days after surgery, on the day of discharge and 2 weeks after discharge. The investigation tool was the revised Chinese version of MD Anderson Symptom Inventory lung cancer specific module. Results A total of 192 patients with lung cancer were included in this study, including 59 males and 133 females, with an average age of (55.68±11.01) years. There were two symptom clusters (respiratory-gastrointestinal and emotional/psychological-disturbed sleep symptom clusters) before surgery, three symptom clusters (respiratory, gastrointestinal, and emotional/psychological-disturbed sleep symptom clusters) 1-2 days after surgery, three symptom clusters (pain-fatigue-emotional/psychological, respiratory, and gastrointestinal symptom clusters) on the day of discharge, and two symptom clusters (pain-fatigue-respiratory and respiratory symptom clusters) 2 weeks after discharge. The composition of symptoms was different in each time point during perioperative period. ConclusionThere are four symptom clusters in patients with lung cancer during perioperative period, which are pain-fatigue-disturbed sleep symptoms, gastrointestinal symptoms, respiratory symptoms and emotional/psychological symptoms. The symptom clusters of lung cancer patients at different time points are relatively stable, but the symptoms within the symptom clusters show dynamic changes. Medical staff should attach great importance to and continuously monitor the dynamic changes of perioperative symptom groups of lung cancer patients, do relevant education and nursing in advance, and timely adjust the management plan according to the symptom group evaluation results.
Objective To perform a cross-sectional study on mental situations of parents of student victims in Wenchuan earthquake and analysis the data to produce best evidences for the government on their decision-making. Methods By the use of questionnaires, interviewer, and observation, we performed field study on 225 student victims’ parents selected by simple random sampling to collect their demographic characteristics, economic and mental status. Results (1) Of the 123 student victims the only child of the family account for 91.87%, female account for 50.41%, the pupil and below, the middle school student, and the college account for 48.78%, 50.41%, 0.81% respectively. (2) Mental and behavior differences between fathers and mothers were significant. (3) The parents declining to accept the death of their children are not in a good social support. (4) The parents with good family economics and high education are more likely to accept the death of children. Conclusion (1) We should build a ‘Mutual Aid’ organization to help those parents construct a good social support net. (2) To take the advantage of rural hospitals to build the long-acting mechanism of the psychological intervention. (3) To perform the psychological intervention corresponding to right period and right aimed group.
Objective To investigate the rehabilitation status of patients with cerebral apoplexy at different ages six months after discharge from hospital. Methods Using the Barthel Index, the Modified Rivermead Mobility Index, the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale, and a self-designed rehabilitation exercise questionnaire, we conducted a cross-sectional investigation on the daily living ability, mobility, depression, and self-rehabilitation exercise of 207 stroke patients six months after discharge, who were discharged from the Rehabilitation Department of West China Hospital of Sichuan University between April 2017 and July 2019. The rehabilitation status of young and middle-aged (≥20 and <60 years old) stroke patients and elderly (≥60 years old) stroke patients were compared. Results There were 91 elderly patients and 116 young and middle-aged patients. Six months after discharge, the incidences of dysfunction in daily living ability (97.8% vs. 90.5%; χ2=4.598, P=0.032) and depression (51.2% vs. 36.2%; χ2=4.043, P=0.044) were higher in the elderly patients than those in the young and middle-aged patients, and the mobility score (26.38±9.77 vs. 29.47±10.60; t=2.154, P=0.032) and the proportion of patients taking self-rehabilitation exercise (93.4% vs. 100.0%; χ2=5.708, P=0.017) were lower in the elderly patients than those in the young and middle-aged patients. Conclusions In the process of continued rehabilitation nursing, different rehabilitation nursing measures should be implemented according to different ages, focusing on elderly stroke patients, and strengthening the supervision and promotion of rehabilitation training of daily living ability and mobility, psychological nursing and self-rehabilitation exercise compliance of elderly patients.
ObjectivesTo investigate the present status of clinical nurses' attitude towards patient safety and its influencing factors.MethodsA total of 2 290 clinical nurses in 10 large general hospitals in Anhui Province were investigated by general data and patient safety attitude questionnaire (SAQ).ResultsThe total score of the nurse's patient safety attitude was 112.57±11.83, in which the 6 dimension scores arranged from high to low were management recognition, working conditions, job satisfaction, team cooperation, safety climate, and pressure perception. Nurses who were female, marriage, college degrees, head nurse, and receivded patient safety education had higher total scores.ConclusionsScores of nurses of tertiary 3A hospitals in Anhui Province are overall above average. The influencing factors of nurses’ safety attitude are gender, marital status, education level, length of service, whether being head nurse, and whether being received safety education.
摘要:目的：评价围手术期预防性应用抗菌药物现状及合理性。方法：采用回顾性调查的方法，随机抽查2009年度Ⅰ类切口手术围手术期病案500份，设计外科围手术期预防性应用抗生素调查表，对预防用药的适应证、用药种类、联合用药、给药时机及持续时间进行统计分析。结果：未使用抗生素5例，预防性使用抗生素495例，其中不合理80例（16.00％）。预防性使用抗生素总品规数为540，其中头孢菌素类453例（83.89%），青霉素类（包括加酶抑制剂）26例（4.81%），喹诺酮类44例（8.15%）。选用头孢唑啉钠178例（32.96%）居第一位，头孢替唑钠第二，151例（2796%）。结论：Ⅰ类切口手术患者围手术期预防性使用抗菌药物较为合理，但仍存在用药指征把握不严，抗菌药物的选择、抗菌药物使用时间较长等问题，有待进一步规范化管理。Abstract: Objective: To understand the current application of perioperative preventive antibiotics, and their rationality. Methods: Five hundred perioperative records of patients with incision Ⅰ were randomly chosen and surveyed in 2009. A questionnaire for prophylactic use of antimicrobial was designed. The indication of antimicrobial use, the species, combination, timing and drug duration were analyzed. Results: Our of 500, 495 used antimicrobial and 80 were unreasonable; 540 kinds of antimicrobial were used, included cephalosporin 453 cases (83.89%), penicillin class (including plus enzyme inhibitors) in 26 cases (4.81%), quinolone 44 cases (8.15%). Cefazolin sodium (178 patients, 32.96%) ranked first, second was cefazolin sodium (151, 27.96%). Conclusion: Perioperative use of antimicrobial prophylaxis in patients with incision Ⅰ is reasonable, but standardization management should be strengthened in the indication, species, and duration.
ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to offer new suggestions for current clinician training under the guidance of the Healthy China 2030 policy by investigating the patients’ needs.MethodsThis study surveyed adult outpatients from West China Hospital of Sichuan University between March and July, 2019 and February and May, 2020 by self-constructed questionnaires to investigate the expectation and requirements of outpatients towards medical professionals.ResultsA total of 430 questionnaires were distributed, and 402 of them (93.5%) were collected and included in this study. All questionnaire respondents expected that medical graduates should have outstanding expertise and ethical standard. The majority valued qualities such as physical and mental health (90.05%), a bachelor’s degree or higher (73.88%), knowledge on disease control and prevention (61.69%), knowledge on health care (91.29%), ability to continuously update current knowledge (70.65%), and excellent communication (71.14%) and teamwork (62.44%) skills. In addition, most patients expected that new health care providers to possess humanitarianism and professional dedication relevant traits, and could improve diagnoses and treatments via research activities. Patients’ demand for abilities such as disease control and prevention, health care, and integrative cooperation between traditional Chinese medicine and modern medicine significantly increased after the COVID-19 pandemic (P<0.05).ConclusionsNowadays, to provide health care services which meet the needs of the public, clinicians are expected to have qualities such as outstanding expertise, humanity, research and knowledge-updating skills, disease control and prevention, health care management, and capability to take the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine and modern medicine.