Objective To explore the levels and the clinical significance of serum soluble Endoglin (sEng) and soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase (sFlt-1) in patients with preeclampsia (PE). Methods Ninety-six patients with PE were included from June 2009 to June 2014. The patients were divided into mild PE group (n=54) and severe PE group (n=42), while 40 healthy pregnant women were in the control group. The general situation and laboratory testing were recorded and the serum levels of sEng and sFlt-1 were detected. All patients were routinely followed up with the recording of delivery and neonatal situation. Results The sEng and sFlt-1 levels were highest in the severe PE group [(7345.02±772.73) and (866.08±203.24) ng/L], which was followed by mild PE [(5 547.08±564.06) and (603.99±138.37) ng/L] and control group [(1 840.93±300.71) and (252.68±83.03) ng/L] (P<0.01). Levels of sEng were significantly correlated with sFlt-1 in both mild and severe PE groups. There were significantly correlations between sEng and sFlt-1 in mild or severe PE group respectively. The level of sEng and sFlt-1 was considerably positively correlated with mean arterial pressure, 24-hour urinary protein, serum creatinine, fibrinogen, umbilical artery shrink/diastole and resistance index value, but negatively correlated with prothrombin time, birth weight and the placenta weight (P<0.05). PE patients with sEng of <5 000 ng/L and sFlt-1 levels of <700 ng/L had the risk of severe complications of 6.8% and 14.0%; while patients with sEng of ≥5 000 ng/L and sFlt-1 of ≥700 ng/L had the ratio fo 40.4% and 37.0% respectively (P<0.01). Conclusion Serum levels of sEng and sFlt-1 in PE patients indicate that the severity of disease and outcomes of pregnancy.
ObjectiveTo detect the differentially expressed circular RNA (circRNA) in rotator cuff tendinopathy and analyze the potential molecular mechanism of these parental genes.MethodsTen supraspinatus tendons donated from patients who underwent tendon repair surgery between June 2018 and June 2019 were used for RNA-sequence. All rotator cuff tendinopathy and normal tendon samples were confirmed by MRI, histological staining, and observation by arthroscopy. All pathological tendons were matched with tendon samples for patients’ age, gender, body mass index, and Bonar score. The bioinformatic analysis was performed based on the differentially expressed circRNA and their parental genes, including gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network construction.ResultsThere were 94 differentially expressed circRNAs, including 31 up-regulated and 63 down-regulated, detected between the rotator cuff tendinopathy and normal tendon samples with |log2 fold change (FC)| >2, P<0.05. GO analysis showed that the genes were mostly enriched in response to cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). KEGG pathway analysis showed that the most genes were enriched in extracellular matrix-receptor interaction, protein digestion and absorption, cell cycle, and nuclear factor κB signaling pathway. ceRNA networks showed the interactions among circRNAs, mRNAs, and miRNAs. And circRNA.8951-has-miR-6089-DNMT3B was the most sum max energy.ConclusionThis bioinformatic study reveals several potential therapeutic targets for rotator cuff tendinopathy, which paves the way to better treatment and prevention of this disorder.
ObjectiveTo establish a method that can eliminate the pollution of endogenous nucleic acid in the real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) reaction system, which can be used to reduce or eliminate the false positive rate of real-time PCR assay in detection of postoperative intracranial bacteria infection.MethodsAt first, eliminated the pollution of endogenous nucleic acid in the real-time PCR reaction system. Then, with mixed bacteria DNA as a template, multiple PCR was used to specifically identify the gram-negative bacteria. Meanwhile, evaluated the text line and sensitivity of the multiple PCR after eliminating pollution in detecting the DNA of the mixed bacteria.ResultsThe method established could quickly eliminate the pollution of endogenous nucleic acid in the real-time PCR reaction system, and it didn’t affect the Taq enzyme activity and the amplification efficiency in PCR system, with the minimum detection limit of 102 CFU/mL (Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), which was the same to the culture method. The enzyme cutting method had no significant effect on the activity and amplification efficiency of the enzyme in PCR system, It had no effect on PCR reaction system and primer specificity (Ct=32, ΔRn=200). However, the filtration method significantly reduced the PCR amplification efficiency (Ct=32, ΔRn=150).ConclusionsThis method can easily and rapidly eliminate the pollution of endogenous nucleic acid in the real-time PCR reaction system, and greatly reduce the false positive of PCR detection. It is able to timely and accurately diagnose the intracranial bacteria infection, which is significant for clinical testing.
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of endogenous photodynamic therapy (PDT) on intracellular cAMP and cGMP concentrations of human colon carcinoma cell lines SW480. MethodsSW480 cells were divided into control group, light group, δaminolevulinic acid （ALA） group (ALA group) and endogenous PDT group (ALAPDT group). Intracellular cAMP and cGMP concentrations of each group were detected by radioimmunoassay at 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after irradiation. ResultsThere was a significant increase in intracellular cAMP concentration of ALAPDT group at 30 min after irradiation (P＜0.001) and sequent decrease, but intracellular cAMP concentrations of ALAPDT group at 60, 90 and 120 min after irradiation had no statistical difference than the other groups (Pgt;0.05). Intracellular cGMP concentration of different time point of each group was not significantly different. ConclusionThese results indicate that the cytoprotection of SW480 cell are produced by an instantaneous increase in the intracellular cAMP concentration while endogenous PDT is killing SW480 cell.
ObjectiveA competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network associated with long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) specific for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) was constructed based on bioinformatics methods, and the functional mechanism of actinfilament-associated protein 1-antisense RNA1 (AFAP1-AS1) in LUAD was analyzed, in order to provide a new direction for the study of LUAD therapeutic targets. MethodsThe gene chip of LUAD was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and lncRNA and mRNA with differential expression between LUAD and normal tissues were screened using GEO2R online software, and their target genes were predicted by online databases to construct ceRNA networks and perform enrichment analysis. In cell experiments, AFAP1-AS1 was genetically knocked down and siRNA was constructed and transfected into LUAD cells A549 by cell transfection. CCK8, transwell, scratch assay and flow cytometry were used to detect the ability of cells to proliferate, invade, migrate and apoptosis. ResultsA total of 6 differentially expressed lncRNA and 494 differentially expressed mRNA were identified in the microarray of LUAD. The ceRNA network involved a total of 6 lncRNA, 22 miRNA, and 55 mRNA. Enrichment analysis revealed that mRNA was associated with cancer-related pathways. In cell assays, knockdown of AFAP1-AS1 inhibited cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, and AFAP1-AS1 promoted apoptosis. ConclusionIn this study, we construct a lncRNA-mediated ceRNA network, which may help to further investigate the mechanism of action of LUAD. In addition, through cellular experiments, AFAP1-AS1 is found to have potential as a therapeutic target for LUAD.
Objectives To systematically review the efficacy and safety of clopidogrel 600 mg and 300 mg loading dose in Chinese patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods We searched The Cochrane Library, EMbase, PubMed, CNKI, WanFang Data, CBM and VIP databases to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of the efficacy and safety of clopidogrel 600 mg and 300 mg loading dose in Chinese patients underwent PCI from inception to April, 2017. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed using Stata 14.0 software. Results A total of 10 RCTs involving 1 166 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that: the 600 mg loading dose group had lower incidence rate of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in comparison with the 300 mg loading dose group (RR=0.29, 95%CI 0.17 to 0.48, P<0.000 1). However, no significant difference was found in the incidence of major bleeding events within 30 days between two groups (RR=1.64, 95%CI 0.70 to 3.80,P=0.252). Conclusions The current evidence shows that in Chinese patients underwent PCI, administration of a 600 mg loading dose of clopidogrel is associated with a lower risk of MACE than is administration of a 300 mg loading dose of clopidogrel, without increasing major bleeding risk in 30 days. Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high quality studies are required to verify above conclusions.
Peptidoglycan is an important component of bacterial cell wall, which plays an important role in maintaining the integrity of bacterial cell structure, stimulating immune response, and anti-infection. Peptidoglycan recycling is an indispensable process for bacterial cell growth and reproduction. In recent years, it has been reported that the peptidoglycan recycling is closely related to the occurrence and development of bacterial resistance, especially with the antibacterial activity of β-lactam antibiotics. In this paper, the relationship between peptidoglycan recycling and resistance is described by combining relevant reports and taking Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as examples, so as to promote the understanding of bacterial resistance mechanisms and provide potential targets for the development of new antimicrobial drugs.
Objective To systematically evaluate anti-platelet effect of clopidogrel influenced by CYP2C192,3 polymorphism in patients with cardiovascular diseases, in order to provide references for its safe medication. Methods Literature was retrieved in electronic databases covering EMbase, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, CBM and CNKI from establishment dates to November, 2011. Observational studies and clinical trials were included, cross-checked, assessed and pooled for meta-analysis. meta-analysis was performed using the software RevMan 5.1. Results A total of 13 articles including 14 trials (n=36 855) were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that: a) there was no significant difference in the incidences of cardiovascular events between CYP2C192,3 carriers and CYP2C191 carriers; b) the risk of stent thrombosis in CYP2C192,3 carriers was significantly higher than that in CYP2C191 carriers (Plt;0.000 1), and the relative risk of CYP2C192,3 carriers increased 92% within one month (Plt;0.000 1); c) as for bleeding events, there were no significant differences between CYP2C192,3 carriers and CYP2C191 carriers. Conclusion Compared with CYP2C191 carriers, CYP2C192,3 carriers have a higher risk of stent thrombosis in clopidogrel-treated patients, but there are few differences in cardiovascular and bleeding events between the two carriers. Therefore, CYP2C192,3 carriers with cardiovascular diseases and ready to receive PCT are suggested to pay more attention to stent thrombosis when using clopidogrel. We propose that patients with cardiovascular diseases and ready to receive PCT should have CYP2C19 tests to determine the use of antiplatelet drug (clopidogrel) to avoid thrombus.
ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Staphylococcal peptidoglycan (PGN-sa) on raw264.7 cells differentiating into osteoclasts. MethodsThere were 5 groups in the experiment: 100 ng/mL PGN-sa group, 200 ng/mL PGN-sa group, 400 ng/mL PGN-sa group, positive control group [100 ng/mL receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)], and blank control group (PBS). Raw264.7 cells were cultured with different concentrations of PGN-sa, RANKL, or PBS for 5 days, and then tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining was used to detect the formation of osteoclast-like cells; Image-Pro Plus 6.0 software was used to detect the bone resorption areas of osteoclast-like cells; and MTT assay was used to observe the proliferation activity of raw264.7 cells. ResultsTRAP staining showed that PGN-sa and RANKL can induce raw264.7 cells to differentiate into osteoclast-like cells; different concentrations of PGNsa groups had more osteoclast-like cells formation than blank control group (P < 0.05), and the number of osteoclast-like cells significantly increased with the increase of PGN-sa concentrations (P < 0.05). Bone resorption cavity experiment showed that bone resorption cavities were obvious in different concentrations of PGN-sa groups and in positive control group, and the area of bone absorption cavities was increased with the increasing PGN-sa concentrations, showing significant difference between groups (P < 0.05). MTT assay showed that no significant difference was found in the absorbance (A) value between different concentrations of PGN-sa groups and blank control group, and between different concentrations of PGN-sa groups (P > 0.05). ConclusionPGN-sa can promote raw264.7 cells to differentiate into osteoclasts with bone resorption activity.
Objective To summarize the research progress of intervertebral disc endogenous stem cells for intervertebral disc regeneration and deduce the therapeutic potential of endogenous repair for intervertebral disc degeneration. Methods The original articles about intervertebral disc endogenous stem cells for intervertebral disc regeneration were extensively reviewed; the reparative potential in vivo and the extraction and identification in vitro of intervertebral disc endogenous stem cells were analyzed; the prospect of endogenous stem cells for intervertebral disc regeneration was predicted. Results Stem cell niche present in the intervertebral discs, from which stem cells migrate to injured tissues and contribute to tissues regeneration under certain specific microenvironment. Moreover, the migration of stem cells is regulated by chemokines system. Tissue specific progenitor cells have been identified and successfully extracted and isolated. The findings provide the basis for biological therapy of intervertebral disc endogenous stem cells. Conclusion Intervertebral disc endogenous stem cells play a crucial role in intervertebral disc regeneration. Therapeutic strategy of intervertebral disc endogenous stem cells is proven to be a promising biological approach for intervertebral disc regeneration.