BJECTIVE: To study the effect of transposition of great adductor muscular tendon pedicled vessels in repairing the medial collateral ligament defect of knee joint. METHODS: From September 1991 to September 1999, on the basis study of applied anatomy, 30 patients with the medial collateral ligament defect were repaired with great adductor muscular tendon transposition pedicled vessels. Among them, there were 28 males and 2 females, aged 26 years in average. RESULTS: Followed up for 17 to 60 months, 93.3% patients reached excellent or good grades. No case fell into the poor grade. CONCLUSION: Because the great adductor muscular tendon is adjacent to the knee joint and similar to the knee ligament, it is appropriate to repair knee ligament. Transposition of the great adductor muscular tendon pedicled vessels is effective in the reconstruction of the medial collateral ligament defect of knee joint.
To investigate the feasibility of using the pedicled patella for repaire of the superior articular surface of the medial tibial condyle, 37 lower limbs were studied by perfusion. In this series, there were 34 obsolete specimens and 3 fresh specimens of lower legs. Firstly, the vessels which supply to patella were observed by the methods of anatomy, section and casting mould. Then, the form and area of the patellar and tibial medial conylar articular surface were measured in 30 cases. The results showed: (1) the arteries supplied to patella formed a prepatellar arterial ring around patella, and the ring gave branches to patella; (2) medial inferior genicular artery and inferior patellar branches of the descending genicular arterial articular branch merge and acceed++ to prepatellar ring at inferior medial part of patella; (3) the articular surface of patella is similar to the superior articular surface of the tibial medial condyle on shape and area. It was concluded that the pedicled patella can be transposed to medial tibial condyle for repaire of the defect of the superior articular surface. The function of the knee can be reserved by this method.
OBJECTIVE To explore a new surgical approach to repair facial paralysis in late stage, using regional transposition of pedicled sternocleidomastoid muscle for the dynamic reanimation of the paralyzed face. METHODS Seven cases with facial paralysis in late stage from December 1999 were treated and followed up for 10 months before clinical evaluation. In all of the cases, the sternal and clavicular branches of the sternocleidomastoid muscle were both elevated from their bony attachments, with the mastoid insertion left in situ as the pedicle for blood supply and accessory nerve maintained in it. The muscle strips were transposed and sutured to the orbicularis oris around the mouth corner on the paralyzed side. RESULTS Static asymmetry of nose and oral commissure on the paralyzed side were corrected immediately after operation, and the movement of the oral commissure recovered one week after operation. Symmetric smiling was observed in one month and all of the oral movements recovered in 10 months postoperatively. CONCLUSION The new approach to repair facial paralysis in late stage by regional transposition of pedicled sternocleidomastoid muscle is effective in restoration of both static and dynamic symmetry of nose and mouth, and in recovery of the facial expression and the oral commissure.
Objective To identify and quantify independent risk factors for poor perioperative outcomes in neonates with transposition of the great arteries (TGA) and arterial switch operation (ASO), and establish a predictive model for risk stratification and perioperative management optimization. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of neonatal TGA patients treated with ASO at Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital from January 1998 to August 2024. The research variables included baseline characteristics, preoperative parameters, surgical variables, and postoperative management indicators. The main outcome was perioperative composite adverse events. Multiple logistic regression was used to screen for independent risk factors and construct a predictive model. Results Finally, 376 patients were enrolled, including 306 (81.4%) males and 70 (18.6%) females, with a median gestational age of 39 weeks and an average age of visit of (3.86±5.76) days. The 167 (44.4%) patients experienced poor prognosis. Low admission length [OR=0.726, 95%CI (0.643, 0.815)], low preoperative oxygen saturation [OR=0.942, 95%CI (0.922, 0.962)], and longer cardiopulmonary bypass time [OR=1.85, 95%CI (1.189, 2.887)] were independent predictive factors of postoperative ASO. The predictive model had good discriminative ability (area under the curve=0.800). Conclusion The short-term poor prognosis of TGA neonatal ASO surgery is highly correlated with admission length, preoperative hypoxia, and longer extracorporeal circulation time. Early risk stratification based on these readily available clinical parameters can aid in individualized perioperative management and improve prognosis.
The results of nerve transposition for root avulsion of brachial plexas in 21 cases were reported. The methods of the nerve transposition were divided into four groups as followings: By transfer of phrenic nerve, accesory nerve, the motor branches of cervical plexus and intercostal nerves in cease; By transfer of phrenic nerve, accessory nerve and the motor branches of cervical plexus in 6 cases; By transfer of phrenic nerve and accessory nerve in 9 cases, and by transfer of phrenic nerve or the motor branches of cervical plexus or intercostal nerve in 5 cases. During operation, in 1 cases variation of the brachial plexus was found. Injury to the subclavian artery occurred in 4 cases and they were repaired, which is good for the blood circulation of the upper arm and nerve regeneration. Nineteen cases were followed up with good results. The overall excellent and good rate was 73.7%. It was considered that transposition of nerve should be a routine operation for the treatment of root avulsion of brachial plexus and the accompanied arterial injury should be repaired at the same time during operation, and the latter would be advantageous to enhance functional recovery of nerve.
To explore the operative method and the cl inical outcomes of repairing acromioclavicular dislocation by clavicular hook plate internal fixation and coracoacromial l igament transposition. Methods From August 2004 to December 2007, 12 cases of acromioclavicular dislocation were repaired with the internal fixation of clavicular hook plate and the transposition of coracoacromial l igament. There were 9 males and 3 females aged 22-56 years old (average 32 yearsold). Causes of injury: 6 cases from fall ing injury, 4 cases from crush injury and 2 cases from traffic accident. There were 5 cases of the left acromioclavicular dislocation, and 7 cases of the right. According to acromioclavicular dislocation classification set by WANG Yicong, 8 cases were graded as type III, 3 cases as type IV, and 1 case as type V. The time from injury to operation was 3-28 days (average 6 days). The injured arm was hung after operation, and the function training was started 3-5 days after operation. Results All wounds healed by first intention, and the X-ray films showed complete reposition of acromioclavicular joints was achieved in all cases 1 week after operation. Over the follow-up period of 12-30 months, no plate and screw loosening, hook break and acromion fracture occurred. At 2 months after operation, 2 patients had sl ight pain when moving the shoulder, and the symptom disappeared when removing the plate. No re-dislocation was observed in all cases after removing the plate at 6-10 months after operation. The function of shoulder joint was assessed by Karlsson evaluation standard 1 year after operation, 11 cases were graded as excellent and 1 case was good. Conclusion For the repair of acromioclavicular dislocation, the method of combining clavicular hook plate internal fixation with coracoacromial l igament transposition has the advantages of minor wound, easy operation, l ittle influence on the function of shoulder joints, and rel iable restoration of the stabil ity of shoulder joint.
Objective To summarize the clinical experiences of using the remaining coronary buttons to reconstruct the neoaortic root in the arterial switch operation (ASO) and discuss the clinical significance of preserving the morphology of aortic sinus in improving postoperative coronary artery perfusion. Methods From January 2003 to June 2009, 110 patients with transposition of great arteries (TGA) combined with ventricular septal defect (VSD ) or the Taussig Bing anomaly treated in our hospital were enrolled in this study. The patients were at the age between 2 days and 2 years averaged 91.1 days, and their body weight varied between 1.79 and 9.50 kg with an average weight of 4.70 kg. The patients were divided into two groups based on different surgical strategies. For group A (n=78), we reconstructed the neoaortic root with the remaining coronary buttons by shortening the diameter of the proximal neoaorta. While for group B (n=32), we excised the remaining coronary buttons with the aortopulmonary diameter mismatched. The risk factors of hospital mortality were analyzed with stepwise logistic regression. Results Twelve patients died early after operation with a death rate of 10.9% (12/110). Mortality in group A was significantly lower than that in group B ［6.4%(5/78) vs. 21.9%(7/32)，P= 0.019］. Clinical followup was completed in 72 survivors with the followup time of 3 months to 5 years after operation. Late death occurred in 3 patients including 1 in group A and 2 in group B. Five patients underwent reoperations. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that risk factors for early postoperative death were TaussigBing anomaly (χ2=4.011,P=0.046), aortic arch anomaly (χ2=4.437,P=0.036), single coronary artery pattern (χ2=5.071,P=0.025) and patients in group B (χ2=5.584, P= 0.019). Multivariate analysis confirmed that the aortic arch anomaly (χ2= 5.681, P=0.010 ) and patients in group B (χ2=3.987, P=0.047 ) were two independent risk factors for early mortality after operation. Conclusion The modified technique which uses the remaining coronary buttons to reconstruct the neoaortic root can preserve the morphology of neoaortic root better. The special anatomical morphology of aortic sinus has close relation to the perfusion of coronary arteries. The lowering hospital mortality may be due to the better perfusion of the coronary arteries.
Objective To study the feasibil ity of repairing the mild unilateral eclabium deformity of the upper l ip with the lateral columella base-labrum transposition flap. Methods From March 2006 to March 2008, 8 patients with mild unilateral eclabium of the upper l i p were repaired with the lateral columella base-labrum transposition flap. There were 4 males and 4 females, aging 18-51 years. There were 5 at left sides and 3 at right sides. All mild unilateral eclabium were attributed to the contracture of scar after trauma. The disease course was 1 to 5 years (average 2.5 years). The size ofthe transposition flaps ranged from 1.5 cm × 1.4 cm to 1.6 cm × 1.5 cm. Results All the flaps survived and incision healed by first intention. The eclabiun deformity was corrected. The postoperative follow-up period was 3-18 months with an average of 9.9 months. All the patients remained just soft l inear scars without hyperplasia. The nostril and columella hardly changed compared with the postoperative immediate view. Conclusion The mild unilateral eclabium deformity of upper l i p repairing with lateral columella base-labrum transposition flap is an easy, mininally invasive and nearly no secondary malformation method.
【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the feasibility of transpositional anastomosis of C4 anterior trunk and accessory nerve for functional reconstruction of the trapezius muscle so as to provide theoretical basis of repairing accessory nerve defects. Methods Thirty-six adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (weighing 200-250 g) were randomly divided into the experimental group (n=18) and control group (n=18). The transpositional anastomosis of C4 anterior trunk and accessory nerve was performed in the left sides of experimental group; the accessory nerve was transected in the left sides of control group; and the right sides of both groups were not treated as within-subject controls. The electrophysiological and histological changes of the trapezius muscle were measured. The values of the latencies and amplitudes of compound muscle action potential (CMAP) were recorded in the experimental group at 1, 2, and 3 months; the latency delaying rate, amplitude recovery rate, and restoration rate of muscular tension were caculated. The counts of myelinated nerve fibers from distal to the anastomotic site were analyzed. The transverse area of the trapezius muscle was also measured and analyzed in 2 groups. Meanwhile, the muscles and nerves were harvested for transmission electron microscope observation in the experimental group at 1 and 3 months. Results As time passed by, the experimental group showed increased amplitudes of CMAP, shortened latencies of CMAP, and improved muscular tension. At 3 months, the amplitude recovery rates were 63.61% ± 9.29% in upper trapezius muscle and 73.13% ± 11.85% in lower trapezius muscle; the latency delaying rates were 130.45% ± 37.27% and 112.62% ± 19.57%, respectively; and the restoration rate of muscular tension were 77.27% ± 13.64% and 82.47% ± 22.94%, respectively. The passing rate of myelinated nerve fibers was 82.55% ± 5.00%. With the recovery of innervation, the transverse area of the trapezius muscle increased, showing significant differences between experimental group and control group at different time points (P lt; 0.05). The transmission electron microscope showed that the myotome arranged in disorder at 1 month and tended to order at 3 months. Conclusion Transpositional anastomosis of C4 anterior trunk and the accessory nerve can effectively reconstruct the function of the trapezius muscle of rats.
Abstract: Objective To review the shortterm outcome of modified Nikaidoh operation, aortic translocation and biventricular outflow tract reconstruction as an alternative surgical procedure for the treatment of transposition of the great arteries with ventricular septal defect and pulmonary stenosis (TGA/VSD/PS). Methods Between January 2004 and December 2005, 8 consecutive patients had undergone Nikaidoh procedure for the treatment of TGA/VSD/PS at Shanghai Children’s Medical Center. All patients had ventriculoarterial discordance and atrioventricular concordance. Associated lesions included a straddling atrioventricular valve in one patient and hypoplastic left pulmonary artery. The median age at operation was 11.4±7.6months (4 to 29months). Weight of body was 8.0±1.9kg (5.2 to 11.0kg). No patient had previous palliative procedure. The surgical technique used was a modification of the Nikaidoh procedure. Results The median total cardiopulmonary bypass time was 176±50 minutes (range,112 to 250 minutes), and the median aortic crossclamp time was 101±27 minutes (range, 73 to 139minutes). The median length of stay in the intensive care unit was 12±9 days, with a median hospital stay of 19±12 days. There was 1 hospital death as a esult of severe left ventricle failure. There was no residual left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) and right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (RVOTO), but 3 patients with mild to moderate pulmonary regurgitation and 4 patients with moderate. At a median follow-up of 8.8 months (range, 3 to 18months), all patients were alive. All have the normal ventricular function. There were ejection fraction (EF) 0.64±0.02 and fractional shortening (FS) 0.33±0.02. None of the patients developed aortic insufficiency and progressed LVOTO or RVOTO. Conclusions Nikaidoh procedure is a valuable surgical option for TGA/VSD/PS in infant, especially in the presence of “inadequate anatomy” for a Rastelli repair. Big evidence and longer follow-up are required to fully assess the potential longterm benefits of this procedure compared with the Rastelli repair.