ObjectiveTo investigate the biomechanical influence of the oblique locking plate on the fixation of femoral shaft fracture. MethodsForty imitation artificial femur model with mechanical properties similar to human femur were selected and randomly divided into groups A, B, C, and D, 10 in each group; the femur fracture model was made by transverse osteotomy at 15 cm and 17 cm below the lesser trochanter of the femur and fixed with locking plate with 12 holes and cortical bone screws. The plate was placed in the middle of the longitudinal axis of the femur in group A, and was placed at 5, 10, and 15° angle axis in groups B, C, and D respectively. The axial compression, three-point bending, torsion tests were carried out to measure the strain. ResultsWith the compressive load and bending load increasing, the medial and lateral strains were significantly increased in each group (P<0.05); but no significant difference was found in strains under compressive load and bending load among 4 groups (P>0.05). With increasing torque, the strain was significantly increased in each group (P<0.05). At 10 N·m torque, there was no significant difference in the strain values among 4 groups (P>0.05); the strain value was significantly higher in groups C and D than groups A and B (P<0.05) and in group D than group C (P<0.05) at torque of 20 and 50 N·m, but no significant difference was found between groups A and B (P>0.05). ConclusionUnder different stress, the strain will be significantly increased when the plate is placed at >10° angle axis.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) via Luxor retractor associated with Mantis pedicle screw for the treatment of moderate or severe lumbar spondylol isthesis (LSL). MethodsA retrospective analysis was made on the cl inical data of 32 patients with LSL treated with TLIF via Luxor retractor associated with Mantis pedicle screw between June 2010 and June 2012. There were 20 males and 12 females, with the mean age of 48 years (range, 36-69 years). LSL occurred at the L4, 5 in 17 patients and at the L5, S1 in 15 patients. Of them, 18 cases were rated as Meyerding grade Ⅱ, and 14 cases as grade Ⅲ. The disease duration was 8 months to 6 years (mean, 3.5 years). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and preoperative and postoperative (1 week and 1 year) intervertebral height and sl ipping angle were recorded, and the sl ipping rate was calculated; Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score was used for cl inical efficacy assessment. ResultsThe operation time was 90-130 minutes (mean, 110 minutes); intraoperative blood loss was 120-300 mL (mean, 210 mL). Incisions healed by first intention. All patients were followed up 24-36 months (mean, 28 months), and no complications of leakage of cerebrospinal fluid and nerve root injury occurred; X-ray films showed satisfactory reduction of spondylolisthesis and good position of pedicle screw and interbody fusion cage. The mean bone fusion time was 4.0 months (range, 3.8-6.0 months). The JOA score, sl i pping rate, sl i pping angle, and intervertebral height at 1 week and 1 year after operation were significantly improved when compared with preoperative ones (P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between at 1 week and at 1 year after operation (P>0.05). ConclusionTLIF via Luxor retractor associated with Mantis pedicle screw fixation is a safe and effective minimally invasive technique in treating moderate or severe LSL.
Objective To compare the effectiveness of proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) and reconstruction nail with minimally invasive technique for ipsilateral femoral shaft and extracapsular hip fractures in young and middle-aged patients. Methods Sixty-nine young and middle-aged patients with ipsilateral femoral shaft and extracapsular hip fractures were treated between January 2000 and August 2010, and their data were analyzed retrospectively. Of them, fractures were fixed by reconstruction nail in 44 cases (reconstruction nail group) and by PFNA in 25 cases (PFNA group). There was no significant difference in gender, age, weight, injury cause, fracture type, or disease duration between 2 groups (P gt; 0.05). The operation time, blood loss, fracture healing time, complications, and functional outcomes were compared between 2 groups to evaluate the effectiveness. Results The operation time and blood loss in the PFNA group were significantly less than those in the reconstruction nail group (P lt; 0.05). The follow-up time was 12-38 months (mean, 20 months ) in the PFNA group and was 12-48 months (mean, 22 months) in the reconstruction nail group. No complication occurred as follows in 2 groups: wound infection, deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, breakage of the implants, avascular necrosis of the femoral head, or serious rotation and shortening deformity of lower limbs. In the PFNA group and the reconstruction nail group, 1 patient underwent technical difficulty in nail implant and 7 patients underwent technical difficulty in proximal locking screw, respectively; 3 patients and 6 patients had intra-operative iatrogenic fracture of femoral shaft, respectively; and delayed union of femoral shaft was observed in 1 patient and 2 patients, respectively. The complication rate was 20% (5/25) in the PFNA group and 34% (15/44) in the reconstruction nail group, showing no significant difference (χ2=1.538, P=0.215). No significant difference was found in fracture healing time between 2 groups (P gt; 0.05). At last follow-up, there was no significant difference in Harris hip score and Evanich knee score between 2 groups (P gt; 0.05). Conclusion PFNA or reconstruction nail with minimally invasive technique is a good method to treat ipsilateral femoral shaft and extracapsular hip fractures, but the PFNA is superior to the reconstruction nail because of simple operation.
【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the effectiveness of a percutaneous release with L shaped hollow needle knife in treating trigger finger. Methods Between September 2007 and September 2009, 160 patients with trigger fingers (202 fingers) were treated by percutaneous release with L shaped hollow needle knife. There were 47 males and 113 females with a mean age of 55 years (range, 12-68 years). The disease duration was 2 weeks to 1 year. Affected fingers included 58 thumbs, 20 index fingers, 46 middle fingers, 60 ring fingers, and 18 little fingers. According to Quinnell grading, 63 fingers were classified as grade III, 126 fingers as grade IV, and 13 fingers as grade V. A1 pulley was released during operation and steroid was injected after release procedure using the same needle. Results The mean operation time was 8.2 minutes (range, 5-19 minutes), and no complication occurred. All the patients were followed up 1 year to 3 years and 6 months (mean, 1.6 years). The patients still felt pain in 36 fingers at 1 week after operation, which were relieved after oral administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Twenty-five fingers had snapping or locking in flexion-extension motion; 5 fingers recovered at 1 month after operation and 20 fingers had no obvious improvement; of 20 fingers, symptom was alleviated in 10 fingers, and was not alleviated in 10 fingers after re-release with L shaped hollow needle knife. According to Quinnell grading for efficacy evaluation at 6 months after operation, the results were excellent in 165 fingers, good in 27 fingers, poor in 10 fingers with an excellent and good rate of 95.0%. Conclusion The percutaneous release with L shaped hollow needle knife is a safe and effective procedure in treating trigger finger with low complications.
ObjectiveTo share the experience of treating special cardiac malformations by applying minimally invasive techniques.MethodsEight children with special cardiac malformations admitted to our hospital from July 2014 to September 2020 were recruited, including 3 males and 5 females, aged 0.8-1.2 (1.1±0.4) years, and weighted 7.8-11.5 (9.6±2.9) kg. There were 2 patients of huge muscular ventricular septal defect (VSD), 3 perimembranous cribriform VSD, 1 right coronary-right atrial fistula, 1 right coronary-right ventricular fistula, and 1 young, low-weight child with large aortopulmonary. All were treated with minimally invasive techniques using transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) as a guiding tool. All children received intraoperative TEE immediately to evaluate the curative effect of the surgery, and all went to outpatient clinic for reexamination of echocardiography, electrocardiogram and chest X-ray after discharge.ResultsEight children underwent minimally invasive surgery successfully without any incision infection, intracardiac infection, arrhythmia or pericardial effusion. None of the 8 children were lost to follow-up, and the results of all reexaminations were satisfactory.ConclusionThe application of minimally invasive techniques is a bold and innovative attempt for the treatment of a few special types of cardiac malformations. It has significant advantages in reducing trauma and medical costs in some suitable patients, and has certain clinical reference values.
ObjectiveTo determine the feasibility and effectiveness of percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal discectomy (PETD) for recurrent lumbar disc herniation (RLDH). MethodsBetween June 2009 and December 2011, 56 patients with RLDH underwent PETD after local anesthesia, including 30 males and 26 females, with a mean age of 50 years (range, 24-70 years). The involved segments were L3, 4 in 3 cases, L4, 5 in 34 cases, and L5-S1 in 19 cases. Of 56 patients, 48 suffered from ipsilateral re-herniation, and 8 suffered from contralateral re-herniation. All the patients had a mean pain-free interval of 5.5 years (range, 6 months to 27 years). The visual analogue scale (VAS) score for back pain was 6.18±1.44 and the VAS score for leg pain was 7.66±1.03. Postoperative effectiveness was assessed based on the VAS score and modified MacNab criteria. ResultsThe mean operation time was 60.4 minutes (range, 30-100 minutes) and the mean duration of hospital stay was 5.1 days (range, 3-6 days). All patients were followed up 28.2 months on average (range, 24-56 months). Patients obtained immediate pain relief postoperatively. The postoperative VAS scores of back and leg pain at 1 month, 3 months, 12 months, and last follow-up were significantly decreased when compared with preoperative score (P<0.05). Based on the modified MacNab criteria, the results were excellent in 39 cases, good in 9 cases, fair in 5 cases, and poor in 3 cases at 12 months after operation, and the excellent and good rate was 85.7%. Surgery-related complications were found in 5 cases (8.9%); one patient (1.8%) suffered from recurrence at 18 months postoperatively, and the symptom was relieved after open lumbar discectomy and intervertebral fusion surgery. ConclusionPETD has several advantages in treating RLDH, such as avoiding from the old scar tissue, decreasing operation-related complications, shortening operation time, reducing trauma, and obtaining rapid postoperative recovery. This technique is feasible and effective for RLDH.
Objective To explore and summarize the application of minimally invasive technique to every stage of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods The treatment of 101 SAP patients admitted to our hospital between January 1995 and December 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. After calculi were removed by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatograpy (ERCP) and endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST), endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (ENBD) were applied, then rhubarb liquid was perfused into gut with a nutrient canal and ultrasound-guided abdominal drainage tube were simultaneously placed at the early stage. Some patients received continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) at the same time. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) was performed at the subacute stage, and choledochoscope was introduced to remove parapancreatic necrotic tissues at the late stage of SAP.Results Of all the 101 cases treated by the method mentioned above, 75 cases received ERCP (or EST) and ENBD, and 31 cases underwent rhubarb liquid perfusion with a nutrient canal. Eight cases underwent continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). Forty-eight cases underwent LC and ultrasoundguided abdominal drainage. Thirtysix cases with infected peripancreatic tissue or abscess underwent debridement under choledochoscope 3 to 14 times at the later stage. Five cases died of multiple organ failure (MOF) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The hemobilia ocurred in 2 patients during choledochoscopy and was cured under direct visualization by electric coagulation. Intestinal fistula happened in 3 cases and cured by drainage. Pancreatic pseudocyst was latterly seen in 3 cases and treated by the anastomosis of cyst with jejunum through selective operation. After the hospitalization of 9-132 d (mean 24 d), 96 cases completely recovered. Conclusion Timely application of minimally invasive technique to every stage of SAP can avoid the defects of traditional operations, decrease the injury and interference to the maximum, and raise the cure rate.
ObjectiveTo investigate the application and technical essentials of computer-assisted navigation in the surgical management of periacetabular fractures and pelvic fractures. MethodsBetween May 2010 and May 2011, 39 patients with periacetabular or anterior and posterior pelvic ring fractures were treated by minimally invasive fixation under computer-assisted navigation and were followed up more than 2 years, and the clinical data were analyzed retrospectively. There were 21 males and 18 females, aged 15-64 years (mean, 36 years). Fractures were caused by traffic accident in 23 cases, crush injury in 6 cases, and falling from height in 10 cases. Of them, 6 cases had acetabular fractures; 6 cases had femoral neck fractures; 18 cases had dislocation of sacroiliac joint; and 15 cases had anterior pelvic ring injuries. All patients were treated with closed or limited open reduction and screw fixations assisted with navigation. ResultsEighty-nine screws were inserted during operation, including 8 in the acetabulum, 18 in the neck of the femur, 33 in the sacroiliac joint, and 30 in the symphysis pubis and pubic rami. The mean time of screw implanted was 20 minutes (range, 11-38 minutes), and the average blood loss volume was 20 mL (range, 10-50 mL). The postoperative pelvic X-ray and three dimensional CT scan showed good reduction of fractures and good position of the screws. No incision infection, neurovascular injury, or implant failure occurred. All patients were followed up 27-33 months with an average of 29.6 months. The patients could walk with full weight loading at 6-12 weeks after operation (mean, 8 weeks); at last follow-up, the patients could walk on the flat ground, stand with one leg, and squat down, and they recovered well enough to do their job and to live a normal life. ConclusionMinimally invasive fixation under computer-assisted navigation may be an excellent method to treat some specific types of periacetabular and anterior and posterior pelvic ring fractures because it has the advantages of less trauma and blood loss, lower complication incidence, and faster recovery.
Objective To summarize the cl inical appl ication of minimally invasive percutaneous locking compression plate (LCP) internal fixation in the treatment of tibial fractures and to evaluate its cl inical effects. Methods From September 2005 to September 2007, 13 patients with tibial fractures were treated with indirect reduction and minimally invasive percutaneous LCP internal fixation, 8 males and 5 females, aged 18-35 years old (27 on average). Among them, the fractures were caused by traffic accidents in 3 cases, by fall ing in 5 cases, by fall ing from height in 4 cases and by bruise in 1 case. The fractures were located at 1/3 upper tibia in 2 cases, at 1/3 medium tibia in 6 cases and at 1/3 lower tibia in 5 cases. All fracture were closed ones. According to the AO classification, 4 cases were type A, 7 type B and 2 type C. The time between fractures and operation was from 3 hours to 5 days (2.5 days on average). Results All incisions obtained heal ing by first intention. All patients were followed up for 10-18 months (13 months on average). All fractures reached cl inical heal ing, and the heal ing time was 12-20 weeks (16 weeks on average). There was no delayed fracture heal ing, nonunion, infection and internal fixation failure. No compl ications such as rotation, crispatura deformity and internal fixation loosening were found. According to the HSS scoring, the function of the knee joint was graded 85-95 (90 on average), and the range of motion was 100-130° (120° on average). According to the AOFAS Ankie Hindfoot Scoring, the function of the ankle joint was graded 80-95 (92.4 on average). Nine cases were excellent, 4 good, and the choiceness rate was 100%. Conclusion Minimally invasive percutaneous LCP internal fixation is in accord with biological set principles and beneficial for tibial fracture heal ing and reconstruction of soft tissues.
Objective To review the application progress of minimally invasive technique in the treatment of calcaneus fractures and to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of each method as well as to predict the trend of development in the field. Methods Domestic and abroad literature concerning the minimally invasive technique applied in calcaneus fractures in recent years was reviewed extensively and analyzed thoroughly. Results There are both advantages and limitations of each minimally invasive technique including percutaneous reduction and fixation, limited incision, external fixator, arthroscopic assisted reduction, and balloon expansion reduction. But every technique is developing rapidly and becoming more and more effective. Conclusion A variety of minimally invasive technique can not only be used independently but also can be applied jointly to complement one another. It needs further study how to improve the effectiveness and expand the indications. And the theoretical basis of evidence-based medicine needs to be provided more.