For the detection and identification of abnormal nodular tissues on the body surface, a microwave sensor structure loaded with a spiral resonator is proposed in this paper, a sensor simulation model is established using HFSS software, the structural parameters are optimized, and the actual sensor is fabricated. The S21 parameters of the tissue were obtained when nodules appeared by simulation, and the characteristic relationship between the difference of S21 parameters with position was analyzed and tested experimentally. The results showed that when nodules were present in normal tissues, the curve of S21 parameter difference with position change had obvious inverted bimodal characteristics, and the extreme value of S21 parameter difference appeared when the sensor was directly above the nodules, which was easy to identify the position of nodules. It provides an objective detection tool for the identification of abnormal nodular tissues on the body surface.
Objective To observe the protective effects of Na2SeO3 on the damage of retinal neuron induced by microwave. Methods Cultured fluids of retinal neuron were divided into 4 groups,including 1 group of control, according to the concentration of Na2SeO3 in cultured fluid and then exposed to 30 mW/cm2 microwave for 1 hour.The targets of lipid peroxidation and the concentration of selenium in cells were measured.Apoptosis detection was taken by TUNEL detection kit. Results The activity of SOD and GSH-Px rised,meanwhile the content of MDA and the amount of apoptosis cells decreased in 1times;107 mol/L group compared with the group without Na2SeO3.The other groups was superior in antioxdant capacity to 1times;107 mol/L group. Conclusion Na2SeO3 might be possessed of the effect of protecting the damage of retinal neuron induced by microwave. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,2000,16:97-99)
Abstract Sixty-four cases of upper limb lymphedema following radical operation of carcinoma of breast were treated by microwave therapy. The course of treatment was divided into two stages. Each stage was one hour a day for 20 days. Elastic band was put on the limb betweenevery therapy except the time of sleeping at night. After 1 months to 2 years follow-up, the results showed: symptoms disappeared obviously; the edema had gone down (Plt;0.01). The relapse frequency of erysipelas-like syndrome decreased obviously (Plt;0.01). The skin elasticity restored, and no complication appeared. It was concluded that microwave therapy was an effective conservative treatment in treating upper limb lymphedema following radical operaion of carcinoma of breast.
Objective To evaluate the methodological and reporting qualities of randomize controlled trials involving MTC (microwave tissue coagulation) therapy for cervical erosion. Methods Through computer and handsearch, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and/or quasi-randomized controlled trials (quasi-RCTs) were collected. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using quality assessment criteria of Cochrane systematic review guideline, and the reporting quality was assessed using the CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) checklist.Results Eleven clinical controlled trials (CCTs) were included. Three were RCTs and eight were quasi-RCTs. The methodological and reporting qualitiy of the included studies was generally low (10 trials ranked Level C, and the maximum CONSORT score was only 17).Conclusions The quality of the CCTs involving microwave therapy for cervical erosion is generally low with a high risk of biases. And the reporting of these trials is also incomplete. Therefore, more randomized controlled trials of high quality are required to provide reliable evidence.
Objective To study the results of in situ microwave thermocoagulation therapy for liver neoplasms. Methods Thirty-one patients (male 28, female 3) with liver neoplasms underwent in situ microwave thermocoagulation therapy in recent 4 years were studied. The time of the therapy arranged from 2 to 6 minutes with the core temperature from 110℃ to 125℃. Twenty six of the thirty one (83.9%) were followed up. Results Ninty point three percent of these patients have a good result. The average survival time after the operation was 19.7 months. One-year and three-year survival rate were 77.4% and 38.7%, respectively. Conclusion The in situ microwave thermocoagulation therapy have the advantages of causing slight trauma, promoting repair, good tolerance and curative effectiveness. It’s a simple, safe and effective method with less adverse effect for treating the liver neoplasms, especially for unresectable neoplasms.
Objective To investigate the reasons and preventions of bleeding after percutaneous microwave ablation for liver cancer. Methods The data of 156 patients with liver cancer between September 2006 and December 2009 treated with percutaneous microwave ablation (226 times) were recorded. The reasons and preventions of bleeding after percutaneous microwave ablation were analyzed. Results Eleven patients (11 times) suffered from bleeding. The rate of bleeding is 4.87% (11/226), including 2 cases of biliary bleeding, 9 cases of intraperitoneal hemorrhage. All patients who suffered from bleeding firstly received medical therapy to control bleeding, 5 cases were successful; in the other 6 cases who failed in medical therapy, 1 case was stopped bleeding with opening procedures, 4 cases received transcatheter embolization to stop bleeding with gelatin sponge, 1 case died due to excessive blood loss. According to Chi-square test result, the bleeding was significantly related with liver cirrhosis, lower platelet count, obvious prolongation of prothrombin time, subcapsular tumor, Child-Pugh B/C grade, and re-ablation （P=0.044, 0.041, 0.028, 0.001, 0.016, 0.016）. The multiple variables logistic regression analysis showed that liver cirrhosis, platelet count, prothrombin time, location of tumor, and Child-Pugh grade were the influential factors of bleeding after microwave ablation （OR=5.273, P=0.036; OR=8.534, P=0.043; OR=4.893, P=0.045; OR=7.747, P=0.010; OR=6.882, P=0.015）. Conclusions There were some factors were significantly related with the bleeding after percutaneous microwave ablation: liver cirrhosis, abnormal blood clotting function （lower platelet count and prolongation of prothrombin time）, tumor located on the surface of liver, and Child-Pugh C grade. When failed to stop bleeding with medical therapy, transcatheter embolization is an effective method to control bleeding.
【Abstract】Objective To investigate the irradiating effect of low intensive microwave (LIM) on pathological process of blood vessel restenosis(RS) and assess the probability of LIM irradiation to prevent was used RS.Methods Fortyfour male healthy New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 2 groups. Fogarty catheter traumatize to the tunica intima of iliac artery so as to establish RS models. Two thousand four hundred and fifty MHz microwave with different power of 2 ,5 and 10 mW/cm2 was used, locally to irradiate EIA in irradiating group (1 h/d). Specimens were obtained at different time of 3,7,14 and 28 d after operation. Morphological changes of tissues were observed with HE and EF staining and the area of tunica intima, tunica media and the rate of cavity stenosis were analyzed with image analysis system; apoptosis was detected with TUNEL; phenotype and microstructure of VSMC were observed with TEM. Results After microwave irradiating, inflammatory reaction in early period was suppressed, mural thrombus decreased, the proliferation and migration of VSMC depressed, the area of tunica intima and the rate of cavity stenosis obviously reduced comparing with the control group (P＜0.01). The rate of apoptosis cells showed that there were no obvious differences among each group on 3 d after operation (Pgt;0.05). At other different time, however, the rate of apoptosis cells in irradiating groups obviously increased than that of the control group (P＜0.01), particularly in the one with power of 5 mW/cm2 .The number of synthesis form VSMC in the control group occupied (93.50±3.45)% of the total number of VSMC on 14 d after operation. Most of VSMC appear contractile in irradiating group in which a lot of morphological changes of apoptosis in fibroblast and VSMC existed.Conclusion LIM irradiation could obviously prevented from pathologic procedure of RS. After LIM irradiating, inflammatory reaction in early period is suppressed, the proliferation and migration of VSMC depressed. LIM irradiation promotes cell apoptosis, effectively prohibites the occurring and development of RS. LIM irradiation has had relationship between quantity and effect, power span to effectively prohibit RS, particularly in the one with power of 5 mW/cm2.
Atrial fibrillation （AF） is the most common cardiac arrhythmia and associated with incremental morbidity and mortality. It is implicated that multiple reentry circuits have been the dominant mechanism of AF. The classical surgical treatment for medically refractory AF is the maze procedure composed of aultiple cuts and sutures within the atrial walls to disrupt the abnormal reentry circuits. Although the maze procedure is recognized as the most effective treatment of AF, it is complicated, time consuming and much invasive. New surgical ablation therapy, applying alternate energy sources （cryothermy, radiofrequency, microwave） have evolved to simplify the maze procedure without cut and suture and demonstrated promising success rates. The optimal lesion set has not yet been defined, Modification of lesion sets and techniques that ensure continuous and transmural lesions may improve the outcomes of ablation therapy and recover rate of sinus rhythm.
Objective To analyze and compare the clinical efficacy and advantage between two treatments methods for chronic anal fissure. Methods Divided 96 patients with chronic anal fissure into two groups based on the odd and even numbers of treatment order: 48 patients in study group received sequential anal dilation and microwave treatment, and 48 patients in control group received posterior internal sphincterotomy. The blood loss in operation, wound healing time, wound infection rate, anal infection rate, anal control, postoperative defecation function, anal stenosis rate, and the recurrence rate between the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results Blood loss and wound healing time were less in study group than those in control group (Plt;0.01). Anal control was better in study group than that in control group (Plt;0.05). There were no occurrences of wound infection or anal infection, and the defecation function was improved in both of the two groups. There was no recurrence after one year follow-up in both of the two groups. Anal stenosis rate in study group is lower than that in control group (Plt;0.01). Conclusion The technique of sequential anal dilation and microwave treatment can reduce pain, and is simple, effective, and worthy of promotion.
ObjectiveTo assess the efficacy and safety of focused ultrasound (FU) and microwave therapy (MW) for cervical ectopy (CE). MethodsWe searched the following databases:PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CBM, VIP, CNKI and WanFang Data from inception to 30th August 2014. Two reviewers (Tang XL and Gao Z) independently screened literatures according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data and assessed the methodological quality of included studies. Then, meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.2.0 software. ResultsA total of 33 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 1 759 patients were included. All the included studies were considered to be at high risk of bias. The results of meta-analysis showed that:compared with MW, FU could significantly reduce the risk of vaginal bleeding (RR=0.09, 95%CI 0.05 to 0.17, P<0.000 01) and vaginal discharge (RR=0.10, 95%CI 0.04 to 0.24, P<0.000 01), increase cure rate (RR=1.10, 95%CI 1.05 to 1.15, P<0.000 1) and total effective rate (RR=1.04, 95%CI 1.02 to 1.06, P=0.000 5). However, there was no difference in decreasing recurrence rate (RR=0.13, 95%CI 0.02 to 1.00, P=0.05). ConclusionCurrent available evidence suggest that FU is safer and more effective than MW for treating CE. Due to the limitation of quality of included studies, more high quality RCTs are needed to verify the above conclusion.