Objective To evaluate the relationship between the severity of neonatal infection and the activity change of cardiac enzyme. Methods A total of 102 infectious neonates in NICU were evaluated with neonatal serious illness scoring system and then divided into non-critical, critical, and extremely-critical groups. The activity of such serum myocardial enzymes as AST, ALT, LDH, CK, and CKMB was tested in the first 24 hours on admission. Comparison between groups and analyses were conducted. Resultes Myocardial enzyme of the critical and extremely-critical groups was obviously higher than that of the non-critical group (Plt;0.01). Conclusion The serious illness score of infectious neonates is closely associated with the activity change of myocardial enzyme and the level of serum myocardial enzymes has certain advantages in judging the myocardial injury and the disease severity of neonatal infection.
In recent years, along with more importance having been given by health care facilities and health administrative departments nationally, the work force of infection prevention and control is constantly increasing. In the new era, to help infection prevention and control practitioners and all health care workers make the right direction in infection prevention and control professional business and make sure the infection prevention and control measures are implemented, what we need is to define the target of infection prevention and control scientifically, identify obligation subjects, and improve the infection prevention and control system and working mechanism from the top-level.
Objective To summarize the effect of biofilm (BF) on the occurrence of prosthetic joint infection (PJI). Methods The domestic and abroad original l iterature in recent years about the relationship between BF and PJI was reviewed. Results Infection is a critical compl ication for prosthetic joint replacement. Basic research showes one of the reasons for PJI is BF. After adherence of the bacteria to the surface of prosthetic joint, BF forms through a series of regulation andcontrol system. And it lead to the occurrence of PJI. Recently a lot of progress have been made in the research fields of BF related PJI, which have covered aetiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Different studies show that BF has close relationship with PJI. Conclusion BF is proved to have close relationship with PJI. It is important on cl inical significances to diagnose, treat, and prevent PJI.
Objective To evaluate the mid-term effectiveness of two-stage hip prosthesis revision in the treatment of infection after hip arthroplasty. Methods Between April 2002 and November 2006, 12 cases of infection after hip arthroplasty were treated. There were 5 males and 7 females, aged from 47 to 72 years (mean, 59.8 years). The femoral head arthroplasty wasperformed in 2 cases and total hip arthroplasty in 10 cases. Infection occurred 1 to 67 months after arthroplasty. According to the Segawa classification criteria, infections included type 2 in 1 case, type 3 in 2 cases, and type 4 in 9 cases. The preoperative Harris score was 36.7 ± 6.1. Nine cases had elevated C reactive protein and 10 cases had elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The results of bacterial culture were positive in 8 cases and negative in 4 cases. After the removal of the infected prosthesis and thorough debridement, antibiotic-loaded cement spacers or infected therapeutic temporary prosthesis were used as placeholders, and then the anti-infection treatments were given after operations; two-stage hip prosthesis revisions were performed 3 to 10 months after debridement. Results In 1 patient who failed to control infection after debridement, infection was controlled after the second debridement and the antibiotic-loaded cement spacer as placeholder. Other patients achieved heal ing of incision by first intention, and no compl ication such as deep venous thrombosis and nerve injury occurred. All patients were followed up 3 to 8 years after revision (mean, 5.4 years). During the follow-up, no infection recurrence and joint dislocation occurred. Dull pain was present in 2 cases during activity and mild claudication in 3 cases at last follow-up. The Harris score was 81.6 ± 4.5, showing significant difference (t=52.696, P=0.000) when compared with preoperative score. The X-ray films showed that noprosthesis loosening and obvious subsidence were observed, and bone graft healed. Conclusion The two-stage hip prosthesis revision has good infection control rate and mid-term effectiveness in treatment of infection after hip arthroplasty.
Infectious and infection-related optic neuritis is an important type of optic neuritis. Infectious optic neuritis is caused by direct spread of pathogenic organism to optic nerve from local infection or blood transmission. Infection-related optic neuritis is caused by pathogens-induced immune allergic reaction. They present with atypical clinical features of optic neuritis, including progressive vision loss, persistent eye pain or headache, ineffectiveness or even worse of glucocorticoid therapy. Fundus manifestations include optic disc swelling with peripapillary hemorrhage or neuro-retinitis, and the feature of concurrent uveitis. When these patients first visit ophthalmic clinics, they often lack signs of systemic infection, thus it is easy to misdiagnose them as other types of optic neuropathy and mistakenly treat them. In particular, high-dose glucocorticoid therapy can lead to very serious consequences. Therefore, how to correctly diagnose infectious and infection-related optic neuritis in the early stages are very important for ophthalmologists and need to be seriously kept in our mind.
One-hundred and thirty cases of hymenosis of female urethral orifice with anomalies from May, 1985 through October, 1990 were studied. The patients all received plastic reconstruction of the urethral orifice, and have been followed up for 3 months to 6 years with a cure and improvement rate of 92.1 percent. This anomaly is one of the important causes causing infection of the lower urinary tract. The mechanism of the pathology and the principles of treatment were discussed.
Objective To evaluate surgical treatment of infected pseudoaneurysm (PA) caused by injection of addictive drugs. Methods The clinical data of 17cases of infected PA caused by drug injection were reviewed retrospectively. Ofthem, 1 case was female, and the other 16 cases were male, aging 24-38 years. The locations were brachial artery in 1 case and femoral artery in 16 cases. Fourteen cases were treated by artificial blood vessel transplantation after resection of the aneurysm and radical debridement, 1 case by amputation for serious infection, and 2 cases by non-operation for different reasons. Results Among 14 cases treated by prosthetic grafts, 13 cases achieved satisfactory results, no blood drawback of lower extremity occurred after operation; 1 case had to be amputated for serious infection. After 3 months of operation, the color Doppler examination showed that the 9 artificial vessel grafts were patent and the pulse of arteria dorsal pedis was good. Conclusion Though artificial vessel grafting has high risk in the vicinity of infected PA, it is still an effective procedure for revascularization in condition that there is no suitable autogenous conduit available for auto transplantation. Sufficient drainage, anti-infection and anti-coagulation therapy should be the key factors after the operation.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the possibility of repair long segmental bone defects and preventing infection with cefazolin loaded bone matrix gelatin (C-BMG). METHODS: C-BMG was made from putting cefazolin into BMG by vacuum adsorption and freeze-drying techniques. The sustaining period of effective drug concentration in vitro and in vivo was detected by inhabition bacteria, and the drug concentration in local tissues (bone and muscle) and plasma after implantation of C-BMG was examined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). RESULTS: The effective inhibition time to staphylococcus aureus of C-BMG was 22 days in vitro, while 14 days in vivo. The drug concentration in local tissues(bone and muscle) were higher than that of plasma, and the drug concentration in local tissues was higher in early stage, later it kept stable low drug release. It suggested that C-BMG had excellent ability to repair segmental long bone defects. CONCLUSION: C-BMG can gradually release cefazolin with effective drug concentration and has excellent ability to repair segmental long bone defects. It may be a novel method to repair segmental long bone defects and prevent infection after the operation.
A model of infection following trarma was established by introducing B.staphyloecus aureus into the wound.In the exporimental anlmals,the intraoporative high regional concentration of antibiotics was adopted to prevent infection of the distal part of the limb of the rabbits,and those trcated with the conventional method were served as the control.The results showed that in the exporimental animals,not a single limb had developed infection,while in the control group,The tissue culture s...
ObjectivesTo systematically review the efficacy of prophylactic antimicrobial use on preventing infections after arthroscopy.MethodsPubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM and WanFang Data databases were electronically searched to collect clinical studies on the efficacy of prophylactic antimicrobial use on preventing infections after arthroscopy from January 1990 to September 2020. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed risk of bias of included studies; then, meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3 software and Stata 15.0 software.ResultsA total of 8 retrospective cohort studies and 1 randomized controlled trial involving 60 136 subjects were included. The results of the meta-analysis showed that: there was no difference in the post-operational infection rate among patients with and without antimicrobial prophylaxis for arthroscopies (OR=0.51, 95%CI 0.25 to 1.04, P=0.06). For knee arthroscopies, the post-operational infection rate had no difference between patients with and without antimicrobial prophylaxis (OR=0.89, 95% CI 0.65 to 1.23, P=0.48). However, for shoulder arthroscopies, the post-operational infection rate in the antimicrobial prophylaxis group was significantly lower than that in the group without the antimicrobial prophylaxis(OR=0.18, 95%CI 0.08 to 0.37, P<0.000 01).ConclusionsCurrent evidence shows that there is no association between preoperative antimicrobial prophylaxis and a decreased infection rate for knee arthroscopies. Antimicrobial prophylaxis appears to lead to fewer infections after shoulder arthroscopies. Due to the limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high-quality studies are required to verify above conclusions.