ObjectiveThis study aims to analyze the trends in Parkinson’s disease incidence rates among the elderly population in China from 1990 to 2021 and to forecast incidence growth over the next 20 years, providing. MethodsJoinpoint regression and age-period-cohort models were employed to analyze temporal trends in Parkinson’s disease incidence, and the Nordpred model was used to predict case numbers and incidence rates among the elderly in China from 2022 to 2044. ResultsFindings indicated a significant increase in Parkinson’s disease incidence among China’s elderly population from 1990 to 2021, with crude and age-standardized incidence rates rising from 95.37 per 100 000 and 111.05 per 100 000 to 170.52 per 100 000 and 183.91 per 100 000, respectively. Predictions suggested that by 2044, the number of cases will rise to approximately 878 264, with the age-standardized incidence rate reaching 223.4 per 100 000, and men showing significantly higher incidence rates than women. The rapid increase in both cases and incidence rates indicates that Parkinson’s disease will continue to impose a heavy health burden on China’s elderly population. ConclusionThe burden of Parkinson’s disease in China’s elderly population has grown significantly and is expected to worsen. To address the rising incidence rates effectively, it is recommended to enhance early screening and health education for high-risk groups, improve diagnostic and treatment protocols, and prioritize resource allocation to Parkinson’s disease prevention and care services to reduce future public health burdens.
ObjectiveTo systematically review studies on evaluating the quality evaluation index and the transformation application effect evaluation index of domestic related scientific and technological achievements, to analyze and identify the key elements of evaluating the " production-transformation” of scientific and technological achievements, and to provide the methodological support for the establishment of evaluation system for the transformation and application of domestic scientific and technological achievements.MethodsWe searched CNKI, WanFang Data, SinoMed and VIP databases from inception to December 2016. In addition, manual retrieval and tracing references were also used to collect researches. Two reviewers screened literatures, extracted data, and descriptive analysis was performed to assess the results.ResultsA total of 18 studies on the production quality of the technological achievements and 12 studies on the transformation and application effect of the technological achievements were included. The results of systematic reviews showed that: the evaluation of production quality of technological achievements were mainly established from the benefits, characteristics, value, effect and source, and input of technological achievements; the evaluation of transformation and application of technological achievements were mainly established from researching and development ability, transforming ability and transformation effect of technological achievements.ConclusionsThe evaluation of technological achievements covers 2 key links: the production quality, transformation and application effect of technological achievements that are mutually complementary to each other. At the same time, the value elements are found in the production quality, transformation and application of technological achievements, namely scientific value, discipline value, economic value and social value. Therefore it is necessary to establish the evaluation of production quality, transformation and application effect of technological achievements based on the value.
ObjectivesTo systematically review the risk factors associated with prediabetes, and to provide reference for prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus and health education.MethodsPubMed, EMbase, SinoMed, CNKI, WanFang Data and VIP databases were electronically searched to collect case-control studies on the risk factors associated with prediabetes from inception to February 20th, 2018. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies, then, meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3 software.ResultsA total of 13 studies involving 49 168 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that: drinking (OR=1.31, 95%CI 1.04 to 1.65, P=0.02), hypertension (OR=1.75, 95%CI 1.11 to 2.76, P=0.02), abdominal obesity (OR=1.26, 95%CI 1.12 to 1.42, P=0.000 1), and waist to hip ratio (OR=1.77, 95%CI 1.27 to 2.45, P=0.000 6) might be the risk factors for prediabetes. However, dyslipidemia, smoking, physical activity, family history of diabetes, body mass index and waist circumference might not be risk factors for prediabetes.ConclusionsCurrent evidence shows that drinking, hypertension, abdominal obesity and waist-hip ratio may be the influencing factors of pre-diabetes, while other related risk factors are required to be further studied. Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high quality studies are required to verify above conclusions.