Objective To detect the value of three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound diagnosis in common ocular fundus diseases. Methods Two-dimensional (2D) images of 38 patients with common ocular fundus diseases were three-dimensionally reconstructed via 3D ultrasound workstation. The 3D images reflecting the ocular diseases were analyzed. Result In 38 patients with common ocular fundus diseases, there was vitreous hemorrhage in 16 patients, retinal detachment in 12, choroidal detachment in 5, and intraocular space occupying lesion in 5. Compared with the 2D images, 3D reconstructed images reflect the lesions more intuitionistically, displayed the relationship between the lesions and the peripheral tissues more clearly, and revealed the blood flow more specifically. During a scanning examination, 3D reconstructed technology provided the diagnostic information of section of X, Y and Z axises simultaneously which shortened the time of examination; the condition of any point of lesions and the relation between the lesion and the peripheral tissues could be gotten by the tools like cut and chop provided by 3D imaging software itself, which avoided detecting the same lesion with different angles and lays and proved the diagnostic efficacy. Conclusions 3D ultrasound diagnosis is better than 2D in diagnosis of vitreous, retina, choroid, and intraocular space occupying lesion. 3D ultrasound diagnosis is a complementarity for the 2D one, and the Z axis changes the former observational angles which may provide the new way of precise diagnosis. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2005, 21: 381-383)
Objective To observe the clinical features of congenital hypertrophy of retinal pigment epithelium （CHRPE）. Methods The clinical data of 13 CHRPE patients including visual acuity, slit-lamp microscope examination, indirect ophthalmoscope examination and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) were retrospectively analyzed. The patients, 9 males and 4 females, with the mean age of 27.8 years. Results All patients were unilateral, without systemic diseases and no subjective symptoms in majority. Only 30.77% of initial diagnosis was correct, other diagnosis include choroidal nevi, old chorioretinopathy or no diagnosis. The round or oval black lesion was found in ocular fundus of all patients, 7.69% was located on the optic disk, 46.15% was located on the inferior temporal retina, 30.77% was located on the superior temporal retina, 15.39％ was located on the inferior nasal retina. 92.31％ was pigmented CHRPE and 7.69％ was non-pigmented CHRPE. FFA showed blocked fluorescence and transmitted fluorescence in the lesion, few eyes were found dilated capillary vessel and fluorescent leakage on the late stage of FFA, most eyes had normal retinal vessels. Conclusion The isolated CHRPE is round or oval black lesion in ocular fundus which lack of subjective symptoms, mostly located on the peripheral retina; the FFA characteristics showed blocked fluorescence and transmitted fluorescence, and CHRPE often misdiagnosed as other disease, it should be combine the ocular fundus manifestation with the FFA to diagnose properly.
efect of the eyebrow is a common facialdefect. It was resulted from a variety of causes,but the most common was burn. The operationby using free postauricular scalp graft to repairthe defect of eyebrow was intreduced. The var-ious metheds of eyebrow reconstruction werecompared. The treatment of 79 patients with thedefect of eyebrow was summarized. It was notedthat it had the following advantages , such as theoperation being simple and easy, a naturallooking, appropriate density and r...
The eye-computer interaction technology based on electro-oculogram provides the users with a convenient way to control the device, which has great social significance. However, the eye-computer interaction is often disturbed by the involuntary eye movements, resulting in misjudgment, affecting the users’ experience, and even causing danger in severe cases. Therefore, this paper starts from the basic concepts and principles of eye-computer interaction, sorts out the current mainstream classification methods of voluntary/involuntary eye movement, and analyzes the characteristics of each technology. The performance analysis is carried out in combination with specific application scenarios, and the problems to be solved are further summarized, which are expected to provide research references for researchers in related fields.
Objective To systematically review the association between Chinese eye exercises and myopia onset in children and adolescents to provide a theoretical basis for clinical prevention of myopia. Methods The PubMed, Web of Science, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, WanFang Data and CBM databases were searched from inception to March 2022 to collect observational studies about the association between Chinese eye exercises and myopia onset in children and adolescents. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results A total of 28 studies were included, including 217 112 subjects. The results of meta-analysis showed that doing eye exercises, doing eye exercises ≥2 times per day, doing eye exercises regularly or consistently, doing eye exercises seriously and doing eye exercises correctly and normatively were the protective factors of myopia onset in children and adolescents. Conclusion Current evidence shows that doing eye exercises, doing eye exercises ≥2 times per day, doing eye exercises regularly or consistently, doing eye exercises seriously, doing eye exercises correctly and normatively can prevent myopia onset in children and adolescents. Due to the limited quantity and quality of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.
The great progress achieved in eye health in the recent forty years laid the foundation for further promoting the eye health in China. China is a developing country and is facing some challenges in eye health, including: with the huge population and aging, the number of age-related eye disease is increasing; China is still a country with the most blindness and moderated and severe visual impairment; the resource of the ophthalmic service is insufficient and maldistributed. The " Thirteenth Five-Year Plan” period is a key period and an opportunity period for the eye health. The central government pays more attention to the national health, including eye health, and proposes the goal of building a healthy China. That is a great opportunity for further promoting eye health. We should get to the points in promoting the eye health: people aged fifty or above are the priority population, rural and poverty areas and the mid and west regions are the priority areas, and cataract and uncorrected refractive error are the priority eye diseases.
OCT angiography (OCTA) is a fast, noninvasive and quantifiable new technique, which is especially suitable for long-term follow-up in patients with hereditary retinochoroidal degeneration, such as retinitis pigmentosa, Best vitelliform macular dystrophy, adult onset foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy, doyne honeycomb retinal dystrophy, choroideremia and Stargardt disease. During the follow-up, clinicians can find the subtle signs that explain disease development from the blood flow imaging, quantitatively describe the vascular density, timely detect and treat choroidal neovascularization. It is significant to explore the etiology and monitor the course of these diseases. With the development of more treatments for these diseases, OCTA parameters can also be used as indicators to evaluate and compare different therapeutic effects. In the future, more quantitative indicators of OCTA will be applied to evaluate the course of hereditary retinochoroidal degeneration, and provide valuable basis for early diagnosis and treatment.
OBJECTIVE :To investigate ocular vessel flow velocity in normal eyes by color Doppler imaging(CDI). METHODS: Ninety people (180 normal eyes)had flow velocity measured by CDI in three vessels,ophthalmic artery (OA),central retinal artery(CRA) and posterior ciliary artery (PCA),and the relations between velocity and affecting factors were analysed. RESULT: The diastolic and systolic velocity of OA,CRA and PCA were (31.7plusmn;10.9)cm/s, (7.2plusmn;2.6)cm/,s, (10.2plusmn;3.4)cm/s, (2.8plusmn;1.2)cm/s and (11.3plusmn;3.6)cm/s, (3.2plusmn;1.4)cm/s respectively. The velocity of OA had possitive correl-ativity with RBC,HCT and negative correlativity with age,while it revealed no relationship with sex, laterality of right or left eye,and normal IOP. CDI of ocular vessels in normal eyes is a triangle with three peaks and double sunkens in its frenquency spectum, revealed highly resistant,and both the pulsatility and resistive indexes were relatively high. The width of each frequency band basically was the same,and there was no obvious frequency window. CONCLUSION: The ocular application of CDI might lay the foundation of a comparatively comprehensive knowledge of the ocular hemodynamics. （Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1997,13: 99-101）
Objective To observe the changes of electroretino gram(ERG) in temporary traumatic ocular hypotension and to detect the possiblem echanism. Method The rabbit model with ocular hypotenstion was made. At the 2nd, 4th, 8th, 16th week after trauma, the ocular tension and ERG was examined. Result Amplitude of b wave in treated group was 2.5 times as high as that in the control at the 2nd week after trauma, and then decrease to 1.5 times as high as that in the control at the 16th week. Conclution Higher amplitude of b-wave of ERG in rabbit with ocular hypotension may be related to blood circulation congestion, which might lead to accumulation of the metabolic toxin. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2004，20：189-191)
Objective To investigate the time and the mechanism of the toxic and side effects of silicone oil on ocular tissues. Methods 19 human eyeballs were examined histopathologically at different time intervals after silicone oil tamponade. Results Microscopic bubbles presumably containing silicone oil were found in sensory retina,RPE,optic nerve, pre and subretinal membrane,iris,anterior chamber angle,and retrocorneal membrane.In the eyes containing silicone oil for less than 9 months.Silicone bubbles were present only in the surface of retina(within preretinal membrane or macrophages),and after that time,silicone bubbles were noted within sensory retina.In an eye enucleated 39 months after intravitreal silicone tamponade,the parenchyma and subarachnoid space of the optic nerve were found to be diffusely invaded by silicone bubbles. Conclusion The histopathologic changes of ocular tissues are related to the duration of intravitreal silicone oil tamponade. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 1999, 15: 232-234)