Objective To evaluate the clinical importance of doublecontrast CTdiagnosis of traumatic anterior shoulder instability. Methods Forty-eight patients underwent double contrast CT scan. With the guide of CT scan, anterior arthrocentesis of the shoulder was performed and 4 ml of 76% urografin was injected into the joint and then 10 ml of filtrated air was injected. The patients wereexamined by SOMATOM CR Systematic CT. The results of double contrast CT of the 48 patients were divided into Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ degree according to the CT results related to their injury history, clinical symptoms, signs and operation findings. Results The patients had no complaint after the CT examination exceptfor 3 patients, who had slight pain within 2 days after CT examination. The results of double contrast CT were as follow:Ⅰ degree: 9 patients, Ⅱ degree: 22 patients, and Ⅲ degree: 17 patients. All patients with Ⅰ degree injuries were treated with rehabilitation program. The patients with Ⅱ degree injuries were mainly treated withrehabilitation program, but took much longer time. The patients with Ⅲ degreeinjuries were suggested to be treated with surgery. Conclusion To divide the results of double contrast CT into Ⅰ，Ⅱ and Ⅲ degree not only reflects the severity of traumatic anterior shoulder instability but provides information for the treatment of the instability.
Objective To summarize the recent application progress of dual-energy CT in pancreatic imaging. Methods The domestic and international published literatures related to the application of dual-energy CT in pancreatic imaging in recent years were collected and reviewed. Results Dual-energy CT could provide the morphological image and function information of tissues and organs simultaneously. At present, the clinical application of dual-energy CT in pancreatic imaging included low tube voltage technology, iodine overlay, virtual non-enhanced imaging, and monoenergetic imaging. Conclusion Dual-energy CT could contribute to detecting pancreatic lesions, reducing radiation dose, and improving image quality in pancreatic imaging.
Objective To summarize the research about the stability of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of the lower extremity in recent years. Methods The literatures about the stability of DVT of lower limbs at home and abroad in recent years were reviewed. Results There are few studies on the stability of DVT at home and abroad, which limited on the floating thrombus. Conclusion The stability of DVT can be effectively evaluated by SOMATOM Force CT (The third generation dual source CT).
ObjectiveTo investigate the high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) signs of patients diagnosed with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and explore its evolution features during hospitalization.MethodsFrom January 17, 2020 to February 26, 2020, HRCT images from 15 COVID-19 patients were analyzed. All the patients had positive nucleic acid test results of SARS-CoV-2. The imaging features of initial and follow-up of each patient were reviewed and graded based on the severity of lung lesions.ResultsAmong the 15 COVID-19 patients, ground-glass opacity (GGO) was found in 14 cases. Six patients presented with consolidation and 3 with fibrosis. Five patients had multi-lobe involvement. Subpleural distribution pattern was present in 12 patients (80.0%) and peribronchovascular distribution pattern was present in 2 patients (13.3%). The severity score on HRCT images at the follow-up was significantly higher than that at the initial (4.6±3.4 vs. 3.5±2.5, P=0.018 2). Increase of random distribution pattern (5 cases) were also noted at the follow-up.ConclusionsChest HRCT of COVID-19 patients is characterized with GGO mainly distributed in subpleural areas and a rapid progression within a short time interval. HRCT could provide a sensitive monitor to observe disease progression for COVID-19 patients.
Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations, CT and prognosis of pontine hemorrhage. Methods Analyze the summarized clinical data of 21 patients with pontine hemorrhage retrospectively. Results The period of 46-70 years old was vulnerable to pontine hemorrhage,and hypertension was the major risky factor of it. The death rate of pontine hemorrhage inceases when the bleeding beyond 5 ml. Nine of the 21 patients survived. Conclution The prognosis was highly related to the bleeding amount, the position of bleeding and the complication.
ObjectiveTo discuss the main auxiliary inspection methods and their guiding significance for inguinal hernia.MethodsBy searching literatures and international guidelines, to review the main auxiliary examination methods, such as ultrasound, CT, and MRI.ResultsClinical physical examination combined with ultrasound could increase diagnostic sensitivity. CT could provide surgeons with a better sense of wholeness and structural details, and could be used as a guide for specific types of inguinal hernia. The soft tissue recognition of MRI was good, and it had a good effect on the identification of hidden hernia, mesh conditions, and tissue inflammation.ConclusionEach examination has its own advantages, and should be selected based on clinical practice and medical center conditions.
Objective To investigate the methods of establishing 3-dimensional skull model using electron beam CT(EBCT) data rapid prototyping technique, andto discuss its application in repairing crainomaxillofacial trauma. Methods The data were obtained by EBCTcontinuous volumetric scanning with 1.0 mm slice at thickness. The data were transferred to workstation for 3-dimensional surface reconstruction by computeraided design software and the images were saved as STL file. The data can be usedto control a laser rapid-prototyping device(AFS-320QZ) to construct geometricmodel. The material for the model construction is a kind of laser-sensitive resinpower, which will become a mass when scanned by laser beam .The design and simulation of operation can be done on the model. The image data were transferred to the device slice by slice. Thus a geometric model is constructed according to the image data by repeating this process. Preoperative analysis, surgery simulation and implant of bone defect could be done on this computer-aided manufacture d3D model. One case of craniomaxillofacial bone defect resulting from trauma wasreconstructed with this method. The EBCT scanning showed that the defect area was 4 cm×6 cm. The nose was flat and deviated to left. Results The -3dimensional -skull was reconstructed with EBCT data and rapid prototyping technique. The model can display the structure of 3-dimenstional anatomyand their relationship.The prefabricated implant by 3-dimensional model was well-matched with defect .The deformities of flat and deviated nose were corrected. The clinical result wassatisfactory after a follow-up of 17 months. Conclusion The 3-dimensional model of skull can replicate the prototype of disease and play an important role in the diagnosis and simulation of operation for repairing craniomaxillofacial trauma.
ObjectiveTo construct a luciferase reporter fusion containing the human connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) gene promoter.MethodsThe promoter region of the human CTGF gene (-835/+214) was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specially-designed primers, and subsequently cloned into the pGL3.0-Basic vector. Following screening and verification by single colony PCR, double digestion, and sequencing, the resulting pGL3.0-Basic-CTGF was used to transfect the human embryonic kidney cells 293T, human bronchial epithelial cells HBE and human lung epithelial cells A549, and its function in each cell line was determined by luciferase assay.ResultsSequence alignment showed 99.5% identity, suggesting successful construction of the pGL3.0-Basic-CTGF reporter fusion. Promoter activities were detected 48 hours after transfection of pGL3.0-Basic-CTGF into the 293T, HBE, and A549 cells, and the promoter activities were 2.416, 0.027, and 0.121, respectively (P<0.01). Moreover, the luciferase activity in the A549 cells was statistically higher than that in the HBE cells (P<0.01).ConclusionsThe human pGL3.0-Basic-CTGF luciferase reporter fusion has been successfully constructed. The construct exhibits promoter activity in the bronchial epithelial cells HBE and the lung epithelial cells A549, and can therefore serve as a useful tool for future research in transcriptional regulation.
ObjectiveTo summarize the status and progress of imaging studies of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs).MethodThe relevant literatures published recently at domestic and abroad about the imaging of pNENs were collected and reviewed.ResultsDue to poor visibility of pancreatic body and tail, the application of ultrasound (US) was limited. Compared with US, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) could improve the detection rate of pNENs. The ability of plain CT scans to differentiate pathological grades was still controversial, but the value of enhanced scan was higher. CT texture analysis was feasible in the discrimination of nonhypervascular pNENs and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Teta2 was the parameter with the highest diagnostic performance. The enhanced features of MRI were similar to CT. Combined with the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value, the diagnostic and classification capabilities of MRI were improved, and the sensitivity and specificity of different ADC thresholds were also different. 68Ga-tetraazacyclododecane tetraacetic acid (68Ga-DOTA) peptide PET-CT had good preliminary diagnostic value for well-differentiated pNENs, and 18Fluoro-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET-CT had limited diagnostic value.ConclusionsSomatostatin receptor imaging is of high diagnostic value and can guide clinical treatment and predict prognosis, but it has not been widely used in China. Conventional morphological images have advantages in the diagnosis and classification of pNENs. Therefore, it is important to choose a proper image inspection method.
ObjectiveTo analyze injury sites and radiologic features of 60 patients with severe earthquake trauma in Min-Zhang earthquake in 2013. MethodsWe retrospectively collected clinical data of 60 patients with severe earthquake trauma who were sent to major hospitals in Lanzhou city within 7 days after the earthquake. The software of Excel was used to input and analyze clinical data. ResultsAmong 60 patients with severe earthquake trauma, there were 20 cases with single-site injury and 40 cases with multi-site injury, amounting to 120 injury sites. A total of 41 cases were injured in the limbs, involving 53 parts of fracture, of which, 11 cases were injured in the upper limbs (12 sites) and 34 cases in the lower limbs (41 sites). A total of 14 cases were injured in the skull (16 sites). 13 cases were injured in the spine involving a total of 14 vertebrae, 20 sites, of which, 10 cases were accompanied by injuries in the brain and spinal cord. A total of 17 cases were injured in the chest, of which 6 cases were accompanied by rib fracture, amounting to 27 sites. A total of 7 cases were accompanied by visceral injury, involving four sites of the abdomen. ConclusionMulti-site and multi-organ injuries are the most after the earthquake, of which, limb fracture is frequently-seen and abdominal injuries are rare. Imaging examination is very useful in screening injuries caused by the earthquake and in treatment based on categorization.