目的 了解老年卧床患者社会活动情况及其影响因素。 方法 2009年12月-2011年2月应用社会功能评估量表对社区及医院325例60岁以上老年卧床患者进行调查。 结果 老年卧床患者社会活动缺乏,主要社会活动为看表演或听收音机、看电视,通过电话与邻居、朋友、亲戚交谈等;较少有人参与宗教、社会事务聚会等活动;极少数人参加工作、做自愿者以及旅游的社会活动。不同的年龄、婚姻状况、经济收入、病情、卧床时间、卧床分级及家庭功能的老年患者社会活动评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 老年卧床患者社会活动缺乏,参与程度与年龄、婚姻状况、经济收入、病情、卧床时间及分级、家庭功能等多因素密切相关。需加大对老年卧床患者的关注力度,在为其疾症治疗提供帮助的同时,也需从精神、心理方面予以更多的关怀与疏导,为其能主动参与社会活动提供指导和支持。
Objective To broaden the current understanding of the usage willingness about artificial intelligence (AI) robots and relevant influence factors for elderly patients. Methods The elderly patients in the inpatient ward, outpatient department and physical examination of the Department of Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University were selected by convenient sampling for investigation between February and April 2020, to explore the willingness of elderly patients to use AI robots and related influencing factors. Results A total of 446 elderly patients were included. There were 244 males and 202 females. The willingness to use AI robots was (14.40±3.62) points. There were statistically significant differences among the elderly patients with different ages, marital status, living conditions, educational level, current health status, current vision status, current hearing status, self-care ability and family support in their willingness to use AI robots (P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age, education level and family support were the influencing factors of use intention (P<0.05). Among the elderly patients, 60.76% had heard of AI robots, but only 28.03% knew the medical application of AI robots, and only 13.90% had used AI robot services. Most elderly patients (>60%) thought that some adverse factors may reduce their usage willingness, like “the price is too expensive” and “the use is complex, or I don’t know how to use”. Conclusions Elderly patients’ cognition of AI robots is still at a low level, and their willingness to use AI robots is mainly affected by age, education level and family support. It is suggested to consider the personalized needs of the elderly in terms of different ages, education levels and family support, and promote the cheap and user-friendly AI robots, so as to improve the use of AI robots by elderly patients.
目的 了解成都市卧床老年人的抑郁发生情况及影响因素。 方法 对2009年12月-2011年2月卧床时间>1个月的325例卧床老年人采用老年抑郁量表、焦虑自评量表、生活满意度指数A进行调查,并对影响的抑郁的相关因素进行统计分析。 结果 成都市卧床老年人抑郁的发生率为57.5%。不同病情、生活自理能力、焦虑情况、社会交往情况、生活的满意度和家庭功能的老年人,其抑郁评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多重线性回归分析发现影响老年人抑郁的主要因素有病情、卧床分级、焦虑、社会活动、满意度、文化程度,其中对生活满意、有社会活动、文化程度高是保护因素,而焦虑、病情较重、卧床等级高是抑郁的危险因素。 结论 卧床老年人的抑郁发生率较高,应加强对卧床老年人,特别是病情重、焦虑、大部分或者全天卧床、低文化的卧床老人抑郁发生的关注,鼓励老年人增加社会活动、提高老年人对生活的满意度和增进他们的心理健康。