Objective To investigate whether the peri pheral administration of amitri ptyl ine produces antihyperalgesiceffect following the chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve in rats. Methods Forty-eight maleCCI rats weighing (220 ± 20) g were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=8)：group NS, group A2.5, group A5, group A10,group A15.9 and group Aip. In the group NS, group A2.5, group A5, group A10 and group A15.9, sciatic nerve blockade was locally performed with 0.5 mL normal sal ine, and 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 15.9 mmol/L amitriptyl ine respectively through implanted cannulas on the 7th day after operation. In the group Aip, amitriptyl ine (2.5 mg) was administered by intraperitoneal injection. The mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT), thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) and motor function were measured before and 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 hours after sciatic nerve blockade. Results Forty-eight CCI rats were all survival without infection palsy and catheter fall ing off. The rats of group A2.5, group NS and group Aip didn’t produce ambulation deficits. There were no significant difference in these 3 groups (P gt; 0.05). However compared with group A2.5, group NS and group Aip, the rats of group A5, group A10, group A15.9 all produced significant ambulation deficits (P lt; 0.05). The ambulation deficits lasted 2 hours (group A5), 4 hours (group A10), 8 hours (group A15.9) respectively. But the ambulation deficits of CCI rats were all reversible. The MWT and TWL of groups with local injection of amitriptyl ine increased when conpared with group NS, group Aip and those of before injection (P lt; 0.05). Sciatic nerve blockade with amitriptyl ine significantly suppressed mechanical hyperalgesia and thermal hyperalgesia in neuropathic rats. The peripheral anti-hyperalgesic effects lasted 2 hours (A2.5 group), 4 hours (group A5), 24 hours (group A10), 24 hours (group A15.9) respectively. But there were no significant difference between A10 group and A15.9 group (P gt; 0.05). There were no significant difference between group NS and group Aip (P gt; 0.05). Conclusion The peri pheral anti-hyperalgesic effects can be found in sciatic nerve blockade of amitri ptyl ine on CCI rats. And this effect of amitri ptyl ine has concentration dependent and ceil ing effect. Amitri ptyl ine of 5.0-15.9 mmol/L can produce significantambulation deficits which are reversible.
【摘要翻译】 一 氧化氮合酶( NOS) -2( NOS-2) 的诱导和一氧化氮产物增加是过敏性气道疾病的共同特征。严重哮喘与气道S-亚硝基硫醇减少相关。S-亚硝基硫醇是NO的生化产物, 可通过促炎症转录因子NF-κB 的S-亚硝基化抑制炎症反应。因此, 重建气道S-亚硝基硫醇对治疗可能有益。我们对此假设在以卵清蛋白诱导的过敏性炎症大鼠模型中进行验证。未使用或使用卵清蛋白致敏的动物均在卵清蛋白激发前于气管内灌注S-亚硝基谷胱甘肽( GSNO;50 μl, 10 mM) , 并在48 h 以后进行分析。GSNO 给药增加了肺组织S-亚硝基硫醇水平。与对照组比, GSNO 降低了卵清蛋白致敏动物NF-κB 的活性, 但对支气管肺泡灌洗细胞总数、分类计数及杯状细胞化生标记物均无显著影响。GSNO给药也改变了HIF-1 的活性, 导致未致敏大鼠HIF-1 活化,但抑制卵清蛋白致敏大鼠的HIF-1 活性。我们使用NOS-2基因敲除小鼠来评价内源性一氧化氮合成酶-2 在调节NF-κB和( 或) HIF-1 活性及气道过敏性炎症的作用。尽管在NOS-2 基因敲除小鼠中卵清蛋白诱导的NF-κB 活力轻度增高, 这与支气管肺泡灌洗中性粒细胞轻度增加有关, 其他的过敏性炎症指标和HIF-1 活性在NOS-2 基因敲除及野生型小鼠之间却无明显相差。总体来说, 我们的研究表明GSNO灌注能抑制气道过敏性炎症中NF-κB 活性, 但是并不能显著地影响大部分炎症及杯状细胞化生指标, 这样可能因为对其他信号通道( 比如HIF-1) 的影响而限制了它的治疗价值。【述评】 GSNO 是近年哮喘治疗研究的热点。既往的研究发现GSNO 在哮喘治疗中有一定前景。本研究却发现GSNO 气管内滴注虽能抑制过敏性气道炎症中NF-κB 活性,但并不能显著抑制气道炎症反应及杯状细胞化生这两个哮喘关键病理改变, 可能与GSNO 同时影响了HIF-1 等其他信号通路有关。该研究表明GSNO 对哮喘气道炎症治疗效果有限, 同时表明哮喘气道炎症调控机制较为复杂, 治疗药物的设计需考虑多种信号通路对哮喘气道炎症的影响。
Objective To propose the terminology of acoustic hypersensitivity, and investigate its clinical features and relationship with tinnitus. Methods A total of 214 patients with acoustic hypersensitivity or tinnitus as their first chief complaint were recruited and studied between January 2014 to January 2016. Detailed information of clinical manifestations, accompanying symptoms and related medical history were collected in the patients with acoustic hypersensitivity. Patients were instructed to complete the Hyperacusis Questionnaire and the Self-rating Anxiety Scale. The Tinnitus Evaluation Questionnaire was used to evaluate tinnitus severity in patients with tinnitus. Results Among the patients with acoustic hypersensitivity as their first chief complaint, 93.3% had tinnitus; 47.3% of the patients with tinnitus as their first chief complaint had acoustic hypersensitivity and the prevalence of acoustic hypersensitivity increased as the tinnitus severity increased. In terms of onset of the two symptoms, simultaneous acoustic hypersensitivity and tinnitus occurred in 55.1% of the patients, acoustic hypersensitivity occurred after tinnitus in 34.7% of the patients, and acoustic hypersensitivity occurred before tinnitus in 10.2% of the patients. Most patients with acoustic hypersensitivity as the first chief complaint felt uncomfortable to any sounds that are louder than usual. The main manifestations included feeling disturbed, echoing in the ear or head, ear fullness or pain. Discomfort in 68.6% of the patients disappeared when there was no environmental sound. It was found that hearing loss, ear fullness, vertigo, and anxiety were usually present in patients with acoustic hypersensitivity, and 28.6% of the patients with acoustic hypersensitivity had a history of noise exposure. Conclusions Acoustic hypersensitivity occurs together with tinnitus for the majority of time, which shows a close relationship between these two symptoms. However, acoustic hypersensitivity shows different clinical manifestations from tinnitus. It is important to unify the terminology and standardize the concept of acoustic hypersensitivity among clinicians. It is also critical to conduct more clinical research in terms of diagnosing and evaluating acoustic hypersensitivity.
Objective To investigate the clinical significance of the level of serum amylase and serum IgA and total IgE in henoch-schonlein purpura patients with gastrointestinal involvement (also known as "Henoch purpura "). Methods Levels of serum amylase and serum IgA and total IgE in henoch-schonlein purpura patients with or without abdominal pain or patients with acute abdominal pain were compared. Results The average level (180.3 ± 15.8 IU) of serum amylase of Henoch purpura patients was significantly higher than HSP patients without abdominal pain and acute abdominal pain patients (F=32.214, P=0.009); Ratio of cases of increased level of serum IgA in henoch purpura abdomen patients was 44.2%, and there was no significant difference with HSP patients without abdominal pain. But ratio of two groups was respectively higher than the acute abdominal pain patients group (χ2=13.73, P=0.001); Ratio of cases of increased level of serum IgE in Henoch purpura abdomen patients accounted for 40.4%, but there was no significant difference among the three group (χ2=1.80，P=0.41). Conclusion Levels of serum amylase increase and serum IgA increase conduce to diagnose HSP patients with the onset of abdominal pain, and serum total IgE has little significance.
摘要:目的:探讨肝素在预防过敏性紫癜性肾炎中的疗效及安全性。方法:采用随机对照的方法,将98例过敏性紫癜患儿分为肝素治疗组(49例)和对照组(49例),肝素组给予肝素钠100～150 Ｕ加入5%葡萄糖100～200 mL中静脉点滴,每日1次,连用5～7天,以后每两周查尿常规1次,至少观察3个月或以上。结果:肝素治疗组发生肾炎3例(6.1%),对照组发生肾炎11例(22.4%),肝素治疗组肾炎发生率低于对照组(0.01lt;P≤0.05)。结论:肝素对预防紫癜性肾炎的发生有效,且不良反应少。Abstract: Objective: To investigate the heparin in the prevention of allergic purpura nephritis in the efficacy and safety. Methods:A randomizedcontrolled method, 98 cases of allergic purpura patients were divided into heparin in the treatment group (49 cases) and control group (49 cases), heparin group received heparin, 100150 u in 5% glucose 100 ~ 200 mL in the intravenous drip, day 1, used in conjunction 57 days, after a routine urine check every two weeks times, at least for 3 months or more.Results: The results of heparin treatment group occurred nephritis in 3 cases (6.1%), glomerulonephritis in 11 cases in control group (22.4%), glomerulonephritis incidence of heparin in the treatment group than the control group (0.01lt;P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: heparin in preventing the occurrence of HenochSchonlein purpura nephritis and effective, and less adverse reactions.