ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy of central venous catheter closed drainage of pleural cavity combined with negative pressure suction in the treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax. MethodsThe randomized controlled trials(RCTs) on central venous catheter closed drainage of pleural cavity combined with negative pressure suction in the treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax were searched in PubMed, OVID, CNKI, Wangfang database, Super Star Digital Library, CMB, Baidu and Google search engines. The searching time was from the time of building database to September 15, 2014. Two searchers selected studies based on the included criteria strictly. The quality of RCTs was appraised by the criteria of Cochrane Collaboration. RevMan5.3 software was used for data analysis and management. ResultsA total of 18 RCTs including 1 549 patients were identified. There were no statistical differences in time of lung recruitment (SMD=0.01 and 95%CI -0.23 to 0.25, P=0.95), time of hospital stay (SMD=-0.42, 95%CI -1.81 to 0.97, P=0.55), curative resection rate (RR=1.04 and 95%CI 1.00 to 1.08, P=0.07) between the two groups. The rate of complications in the central venous catheter group was less than that in the conventional pleural cavity closed drainage group with a statistical difference (RR=0.31, 95%CI 0.23 to 0.43, P<0.000 01). ConclusionThe treatment of central venous catheter closed drainage of pleural cavity combined with negative pressure suction for spontaneous pneumothorax is a simple and safe operation. However, the quality of studies included is not high and some sample size is small. RCTs with large sample of high quality are still needed for further confirmation.
Surgical treatment is an important treatment for spontaneous pneumothorax, which can remove the gas in the pleural cavity, relieve symptoms, promote lung recruitment, moreover, prevent future recurrence. The surgical modalities included video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and non VATS treatment. Nowadays, the treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax has entered a minimally invasive era. With the development of minimally invasive techniques in recent years, as the representative of minimally invasive surgery, the surgeon techniques of VATS has developed to diversity, including three-port VATS, two-port VATS, uniportal VATS, subxiphoid uniportal VATS, 3D VATS, robotic-assisted VAT and cervical uniportal VATS. Each technique has its own advantages and limitations, and individual choices should be made.
①在自发性气胸的治疗方面:目前尚无足够高质量的临床证据确定任何干预或非干预措施对自发性气胸的治疗更有效.现有2个小样本的随机对照试验(RCT)显示,胸腔闭式引流比穿刺抽气治疗气体消散更快,但穿刺抽气治疗更能减少患者痛苦和住院时间;1个小样本的随机对照试验显示,采用标准的胸腔闭式引流管或细管,两者的置管时间无差异,但对大量积气的患者,标准管的气体吸收率高于细管;另1个小样本的随机对照试验显示,在使用瓣膜单向阀或水封引流瓶方面,两者对患者的气胸吸收率无影响,但使用瓣膜单向阀更能减少患者痛苦和住院时间;在胸腔闭式引流管连接负压吸引方面,1个小样本的随机对照试验显示,是否连接负压吸引对疗效无影响.②在自发性气胸复发的预防方面:2个随机对照试验和1个非随机对照试验显示,化学性胸腔粘连术比非化学性胸腔粘连术更能减少自发性气胸的复发率,但胸腔粘连术同时也引起患者疼痛和住院时间的延长;无足够临床证据证明需在首次或自发性气胸复发时采用胸腔粘连术;无足够临床证据进行外科和化学性胸腔粘连术疗效的比较,仅有1个小样本的随机对照试验提示进行电视胸腔镜手术比直接开胸术的住院时间短,但在降低复发率方面,两者无显著性统计学差异,但由于样本量的问题,尚不排除两者问有临床意义差异.
ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the effects of closed drainage and simply closed drainage combined with pleurodesis in the treatment spontaneous pneumothorax. MethodsWe searched PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CBM, WanFang Data and CNKI from their inception to December 2nd, 2014, to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of simple closed drainage versus closed drainage combined with pleurodesis in the treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax. Two reviewers independently screened literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data and evaluated the risk of bias of included studies. Then, RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis. ResultsA total of 5 RCTs including 499 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that:Compared with the simple closed drainage, the closed drainage combined with pleurodesis was superior in the effective rate of recurrence spontaneous pneumothorax (OR=6.85, 95%CI 3.26 to 14.39, P<0.000 01) and the recurrence rate of primary spontaneous pneumothorax (OR=0.32, 95%CI 0.18 to 0.57, P<0.001). But there were no statistical differences in both groups in the effective rate of primary spontaneous pneumothorax (OR=1.49, 95%CI 0.71 to 3.14, P=0.29), the hospital stays of primary spontaneous pneumothorax (SMD=0.08, 95%CI -0.16 to 0.31, P=0.52), the hospital stays of recurrence spontaneous pneumothorax (SMD=-1.67, 95%CI -3.96 to 0.61, P=0.15), and the duration of drainage of primary spontaneous pneumothorax (SMD=-0.11, 95%CI 0.79 to 0.58, P=0.76). ConclusionCurrent evidence suggests that closed drainage combined with pleurodesis could improve the effective rate of recurrence spontaneous pneumothorax and decrease the recurrence rate of primary spontaneous pneumothorax. Due to limited quantity and quality of included studies, the above conclusion should be validated by more high quality studies.
ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of two different oxygen therapies (oxygen time<4 h/d, oxygen flow>6 L/min versus oxygen time>4 h/d, oxygen flow<6 L/min) on conservative treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax by meta-analysis.MethodsThe following electronic databases as PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, WanFang Database and China National Knowledge Database were retrieved on computer for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of comparing two different oxygen therapies (oxygen time<4 h/d, oxygen flow>6 L/min versus oxygen time>4 h/d, oxygen flow<6 L/min) on conservative treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax. The retrieval time was from inception of each database to December 2017. Two reviewers independently screened literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data, and assessed the methodological quality of the included studies. Then data were analyzed by RevMan 5.3 software.ResultsA total of 4 RCTs involving 226 patients were included. The meta-analysis showed that compared with lower oxygen flow (oxygen time>4 h/d, oxygen flow<6 L/min), the higher oxygen flow (oxygen time<4 h/d, oxygen flow>6 L/min) could obviously decrease the degree of pulmonary compression after oxygen therapy for 5 days (MD=–2.81, 95%CI –4.18 to –1.44, P<0.05), shorten duration of hospital stay (MD=–3.26, 95%CI –6.05 to –0.47, P<0.05) and duration of recruitment maneuvers (MD=–2.78, 95%CI –5.27 to –0.28, P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in oxygen partial pressure after oxygen therapy for 5 days (MD=10.68, 95%CI –7.03 to 28.39, P=0.24).ConclusionThe higher oxygen flow (oxygen time<4 h/d, oxygen flow>6 L/min) can obviously decrease the degree of pulmonary compression after oxygen therapy for 5 days, shorten duration of hospital stay and duration of recruitment maneuvers, but the results are influenced by the number and quality of RCT.
Objective To explore clinical efficacy and independent risk factors related to the recurrence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). Method We retrospectively anal- yzed the clinical data of 566 PSP patients by VATS in our hospital between December 2011 and June 2014 year. The patients were divided into a triple-port group(110 patients with 88 males and 22 females, aged 31.34±15.62 years) and a double-port group (456 patients with 383 males and 73 females, aged 31.46±15.65 years) by operation methods. We tried to find out the independent risk factors related to the recurrence. Results There was no statistical difference in intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage, drain removal, postoperative complications, postoperative length of hospital stay and rate of postoperative recurrence between the two groups (P>0.05) . However, the operation time (P<0.001) and the drainage of postoperative 48 hours (P<0.05) in the double-port group was shorter or less than that in the triple-port group. The overall recurrence rate was 1.41% (8/566) . The minors (OR=14.75, P=0.045) , no bulla type (OR=32.76, P=0.019) , and multiple bulla type (OR=15.48, P=0.013) were the independent risk factors for postoperative recurrence. Conclusions The double- port VATS technique has similar effect with triple-port VATS technique on spontaneous pneumothorax patients under- gone pulmonary bullae ligation and pleurodesis. Bulla ligation and whole mechanical pleurodesis can get better clinical efficacy and lower rate of recurrence. The minor, no bulla type, and multiple bulla type are the independent recurrence risk factors of PSP after surgery.