目的:通过CT影像资料评价新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病与颅内出血量的关系及其预后。方法:收集1998~2006年临床诊断为缺氧缺血性脑病70例新生儿患者的CT资料,观察CT图像显示的脑出血量,分析不同程度的缺氧缺血性脑病和出血部位与颅内出血量和预后的关系。结果:新生儿缺氧后轻、中度出血在1~2周内均可完全吸收,发生在基底节或大脑白质区域的重度出血预后较差。结论:颅内出血量与窒息缺氧程度呈正相关;发生在不同部位的出血,其预后不同。
This study aimed to explore the cognitive dysfunction of and hippocampal neuron damage to Wistar rats with STZ-induced diabetes at different morbidity time. All Wistar rats in the tests received intraperitoneal injections of streptozotocin (STZ; 60 mg/kg) to induce type 1 diabetes. The concentration of blood glucose and the body weight were investigated, the cognitive ability of rats was assessed using a standardized Y-maze, and the apoptotic neurons in the CA1 of the hippocampus were also examined by using the HE staining. While the sickening time was prolonged, the blood glucose concentration of the experimental rats increased continuously and the body weight decreased. On the 70th day after STZ administration, the neuronal loss in the hippocampal CA1 region increased and the working errors increased in rats with the diabetes. The results showed that Wistar rats could complicate with diabetic encephalopathy in 70 days after injection of STZ for inducing the diabetes.
【摘要】 目的 探讨脑后部可逆性脑病综合征（posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome，PRES）的临床及MRI表现，提高对PRES的认识。 方法 回顾性分析2007年1月-2010年12月期间5例PRES患者的MRI资料并进行追踪随访。5例PRES患者中男1例，女4例，肾性高血压及产后子痫各1例、妊娠高血压3例。5例均行MRI多序列平扫检查及弥散加权成像（diffusion weighted imaging，DWI），其中4例同时行磁共振血管造影（magnetic resonance angiography，MRA），2例行MRI增强检查。 结果 5例发病时均有高血压，以突发头痛、子痫或癫痫发作、意识障碍及视觉障碍为临床特点，及时正确治疗后症状于3~5 d左右消失，1例遗留肢体功能障碍。MRI显示5例多发病灶主要位于双侧顶枕叶皮质下白质内，额叶及颞叶后部各2例，两侧小脑及脑干1例，皮质受累2例，病变呈长T1、长T2信号、液体衰减反转恢复序列呈高信号，5例患者病灶DWI图呈高或等信号，表观弥散系数（apparent diffusion coefficient，ADC）图呈略高信号；1例顶叶及1例基底节区部分病灶DWI图呈高信号，ADC图呈低信号，提示弥散受限。2例增强无强化，脑膜呈线状强化。随访MRI显示3例病灶完全消失。1例左侧基底节区部分病灶发展为脑梗死。 结论 PRES是一种临床-影像综合征，正确认识这一综合征对其早期诊断和治疗具有非常重要的意义。MRI能够提供较为可靠明确的诊断，其扩散成像对判断PRES预后亦很有价值。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the clinical features and MRI manifestations of patients with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), in order to improve its recognition. Methods From January 2007 to December 2010, MRI data of 5 patients with PRES were retrospectively analyzed and the patients were followed up. Among them, one was male and four were female. There were one case of postpartum eclampsia, one of renal hypertention, and 3 of pregnancy-induced hypertension. All the five patients were examined by MRI diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), among whom four underwent additional magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and one underwent enhanced MRI. Results All the five patients with PRES had hypertension and their clinical symptoms were characterized by sudden occurrence of headache, eclampsia or seizure of epilepsy, altered mental status, and visual disturbances. Clinical symptoms vanished about 3-5 days after prompt and appropriate treatment except one case of residual body function failure. MRI scanning demonstrated multifocal subcortical white lesions in bilateral parieto-occipital lobes in five patients, in bilateral frontal lobes in two patients, in bilateral post temporal lobes in two patients, in bilateral cerebellum in one patient, and in bilateral brainstem in one patient, and cortical involvement occurred in one patient. Lesions appeared as hyperintense signals on fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and T2-weighted images, hypointense signals on T1-weighted images, normal or increased intensity on DWI, and mild hypointensity on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps. Some lesions in parietal lobes or basal ganglia showed hyperintensity on DWI and isointensity on ADC maps. The lesions in two patients appeared unenhanced with gadolinium enhancement and the meninges assumed the linear strengthening. Follow-up MRI showed that foci in three patients vanished completely, and the focus in the left basal ganglia in one patient developed into cerebral infarction. Conclusions PRES is a clinical-neuroradiological transient condition. Correctly understanding this syndrome is meaningful for its early diagnosis. MRI can provide a more reliable diagnosis, and its proliferation image formation is also valuable in predicting the PERS prognosis.
ObjectiveTo discuss the changes of myelin basic protein (MBP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of experimental pancreatic encephalopathy rat model, analyze the relationship between each factor and the occurrence and development of pancreatic encephalopathy, and to provide the experimental basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic encephalopathy. MethodsSelecting 40 SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (SO group, n=10) and pancreatic encephalopathy group (PE group, n=30), respectively by the duodenal papilla retrograde pancreatic puncture injection of saline solution or 5% sodium taurocholic acid induced rat pancreatic encephalopathy model were set up. The rats in SO group were sacrificed on 1 d, and the PE group were sacrificed ten rats on 1 d, 3 d, and 7 d, respectively after surgery. The brain and pancreatic tissues of rats in each group were taken to observe the pathological changes of the rats and the brain white blood cells within microvessels gathered and coanda phenomenon. The water content of brain tissues, and the contents of MBP, TNF-α and TL-6 in serum and cerebrospinal fluid were detected. ResultsThe changes of brain nerve cell edema and nerve fiber demyelination were obvious in PE group rats after surgery with the extension of time. The contents of MBP, TNF-α and TL-6 in serum and cerebrospinal fluid on 1 d, 3 d, and 7 d after surgery in PE group were significantly higher than that SO group (P<0.05), and gradually increased with the extension of time. But by two two compared, the change trend of the above three indicators were different. ConclusionsMBP, TNF, and IL-6 on the occurrence and development of brain damage of pancreatic encephalopathy play a synergistic effect. To detecte the MBP, TNF-a, and IL-6 content in blood and cerebrospinal fluid could be diagnosed and evaluated the pancreatic encephalopathy.