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find Keyword "胸膜" 49 results
  • The Value of Pleural Biopsy in the Etiological Diagnosis of Pleural Effussion

    目的:探讨胸膜活检对胸腔积液病因诊断的价值。方法:对127例胸腔积液患者行首次胸膜活检术。结果:127例患者获取胸膜组织125例, 穿刺成功率98.4%,经病理检查有41例为正常胸膜组织,特异性病理诊断84例,病理诊断阳性率(67.2%)。恶性胸腔积液胸膜活检阳性38例(45.2%),结核性胸腔积液胸膜活检阳性31例(36.9%),非特异性炎15例(17.9%)。38例恶性肿瘤经免疫组织化学和特殊染色分类,腺癌27例,小细胞肺癌2例,鳞癌2例,恶性间皮瘤2例,转移癌3例,淋巴瘤1例,未分化癌1例。发生并发症者4例(3.1%),全部为气胸,肺压缩均小于15%,未做特殊处理数日后自行吸收。结论:胸膜活检是一项安全、简单、有效的胸膜疾病的重要的内科确诊手段。

    Release date:2016-09-08 10:02 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 微创胸膜腔置管注入尿激酶治疗结核性胸腔积液

    【摘要】 目的 探讨微创胸膜腔置入中心静脉导管(简称导管)注入尿激酶治疗结核性包裹性胸腔积液(简称积液)的临床价值。方法 2008年6月-2009年8月在正规抗结核治疗基础上,选取确诊积液患者72例,按数字随机法分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组36例经超声引导导管置入胸膜腔并注入生理盐水50 mL加尿激酶10万 U,对照组36例多次穿刺抽液,比较两组疗效及积液引流量、胸膜厚度、积液吸收时间等。结果 治疗组28例显效,5例好转,3例无效;对照组10例显效,13例好转,13例无效,两组疗效差异具有统计学意义(Plt;0.05)。治疗组与对照组平均积液引流量分别为1 421 mL和756 mL,胸膜厚度分别为(1.9±0.4) mm和(3.7±1.2) mm,积液吸收时间分别为(13.3±1.2)d和(17.3±1.6)d,两组间比较差异均有统计学意义(Plt;0.05)。结论 超声引导导管置入胸膜腔并注入尿激酶治疗结核性包裹性胸腔积液疗效显著,可增加引流量,减轻胸膜肥厚,改善肺功能,减少穿刺机会。

    Release date:2016-09-08 09:31 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 局限性胸膜肺切除术治疗伴癌性胸水非小细胞肺癌的远期结果

    目的 评估局限性胸膜肺切除术治疗伴癌性胸水非小细胞肺癌的远期效果和应用价值. 方法 对1994年1月至1998年12月间采用该术式治疗的16例伴癌性胸水肺癌患者进行定期随访,了解患者生活质量、复发情况和生存时间.计算术后中位数复发和中位数生存时间. 结果 本组无手术死亡,无严重手术并发症.术后胸闷、呼吸困难、胸腹壁疼痛症状明显缓解,恶病质迅速消失,未见胸水复发,但后期均发生远处脏器转移.术后肿瘤复发距手术时间3~36个月,中位数复发时间12个月.随访至2000年8月,所有病例死亡,存活期7~39个月.存活1年以上15例,1年生存率94%;存活18个月以上13例,生存率81%;存活2年以上7例,生存率44%;存活3年以上2例,生存率13%;中位数生存期21.5个月. 结论 此术式控制胸水、缓解症状效果肯定.术后晚期均发生远处脏器转移,但其中位数生存期明显长于仅做姑息性肺内癌灶切除或内科治疗患者,且长于全胸膜肺切除术.本术式有推广应用价值.

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:31 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Endobronchial Naso-bronchial Lavage for Post-lobectomy Bronchopleural Fistula: A Case Control Study

    ObjectiveTo evaluate effect and safety of a novel conservative therapy for post-lobectomy bronchopleural fistula. MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 20 patients with post-lobectomy bronchopleural fistula in our hospital between 2000 and 2013 year. There were 12 males and 8 females at average age of 67.7±8.7 years. Endobronchial naso-bronchial lavage (ENBL) was used for 10 patients (an ENBL group). Traditional method-thoracostomy drainage tube (TDT) was used for the other 10 patients (a TDT group). ResultsCompared with the TDT group, shorter hospital day was found in the ENBL group (49.7±9.6 d versus 68.3±9.8 d, P < 0.001). Fistula healing time was also shorter in the ENBL group than that in the TDT group (43.7±9.7 d versus 62.6±8.8 d, P < 0.001). There were lower complication rate, less inflammatory reaction, and better recovery in the ENBL group than those in the TDT group. ConclusionENBL may be a promising procedure for post-lobectomy bronchopleural fistula.

    Release date:2016-10-02 04:56 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Diagnostic Efficiency of Pleura Biopsy and Partial Pleura Cryobiopsy viaElectronic Bronchoscope in Exudative Pleural Effusion

    Objective To explore the clinical value of pleura biopsy and partial pleura cryobiopsy via electronic bronchoscope in diagnosis of unknown exudative pleural effusion. Methods Diagnostic results of 563 patients with unknown exudative pleural effusion were analyzed retrospectively. Bronchoscope and routine pleura biopsy were performed in 187 patients. Bronchoscope and routine pleura biopsy plus partial pleura cryobiopsy were performed in 376 patients. Pathological positive rates of the two groups were compared. Results In the 187 patients examined by bronchoscope and routine pleura biopsy from 2006 to 2008, 161 patients obtained pathological positive results ( 86.1% ) . In the 376 patients examined by bronchoscope and routine pleura biopsy plus partial pleura cryobiopsy from 2009 to 2012, 354 patients acquired pathological diagnosis ( 94.1% ) . There was significant difference between the two groups ( P lt; 0.05) . The main complications were bleeding and local chest pain, and they can be controlled easily. Conclusions Electronic bronchoscope and pleura biopsy can obtain high detection rate of nearly 90% in diagnosis of unknown exudative pleural effusion especially when combined with cryobiopsy of partial pleura. Electronic bronchoscope combined with pleura biopsy or cryobiopsy is an alternative in clinical settings when thoracoscope is unavailable.

    Release date:2016-09-13 03:53 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Raltitrexed plus Cisplatin for Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: A Systematic Review

    Objective To systematically evaluate the clinical effectiveness and safety of raltitrexed plus cisplatin in the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) when compared with other chemotherapy regimens. Methods We electronically searched PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library and Chinese Biomedicine Database to March, 2007. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs were identified, and Revman 4.2.10 was applied for statistical analyses. Results One RCT involving 250 patients was included, which compared raltitrexed plus cisplatin versus cisplatin alone in the treatment of MPM. In the intention-to-treat population, the median survival time was statistically longer in the raltitrexed plus cisplatin group as compared to cisplatin alone group. (11.4 versus 8.8 months, P=0.048). The incidence of grade 3/4 toxicities was similar between the two groups. Conclusion The current evidence available showed that, the combination of raltitrexed and cisplatin may prolong the survival time for MPM patients, with a low incidence of grade 3/4 toxicities. However, more high-quality RCTs are required to further define its clinical effectiveness.

    Release date:2016-08-25 03:36 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 外科手术治疗慢性结核性脓胸的疗效分析

    目的 探讨慢性结核性脓胸的治疗方式。 方法 对成都市传染病医院2008年1月至2010年12月收治的184例慢性结核性脓胸进行分组治疗:手术组89例,男52例、女37例,年龄14~66岁,在正规有效抗痨基础上行脓胸清除+纤维板(增厚的胸膜)剥脱术,术后继续正规抗痨治疗;对照组95例,男61例、女34例,年龄15~68岁,仅采用内科正规有效抗痨治疗,比较两组治疗前后的病情变化。 结果 手术组患者经过手术治疗后脓胸消除,胸廓的塌陷得到遏制,多数患者可以使塌陷胸廓得到改善,肺功能均有明显改善,生活质量得到改善;而对照组患者治疗前后症状无明显改善(3例治疗期间退出研究),反而自觉胸闷、胸痛、气促等症状多有加重,胸廓塌陷更明显,肺功能继续恶化,生活质量变差。治疗结束后两组病例均进行门诊随访1~3年,手术组失访1例,对照组失访2例,随访率98.3%;随访期间,手术组无脓胸复发,患者症状体征改善,无再住院,而对照组患者症状体征多有加重,再住院率40.2%。 结论 外科手术是治疗慢性结核性脓胸的最佳方式。

    Release date:2016-08-30 05:47 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 支气管镜联合消化内镜成功治疗食管癌术后气管食管瘘和胃底胸膜瘘一例

    目的 探索气管食管瘘及胃底胸膜瘘的临床救治方法。方法 回顾分析我院呼吸与危重症医学科经支气管镜联合消化内镜成功治疗食管癌术后气管食管瘘和胃底胸膜瘘1例。结果 患者男,64岁,因“进食后胸痛3周余”于2021年6月21日入胸外科,23日胃镜示食管中段新生物,病理为中分化鳞癌,25日行胸腔镜下右胸腹两切口食道癌根治术。术后第4天患者出现胸痛伴发热,7月5日胸部CT示左侧液气胸,胸腔镜探查术置管引流后脱机困难,10日转入呼吸与危重症医学科,数字减影血管造影下介入和气管镜检查明确诊断气管食管瘘和胃底胸膜瘘,保守治疗1个月效果不佳,经多学科讨论后先行气管镜引导下气道Y型覆膜支架植入封堵术,后行胃镜下氩离子束凝固术烧灼+气管食管瘘和胃底胸膜瘘钛夹夹闭术。患者术后痰量减少,无发热,复查CT两肺感染和胸腔积液明显吸收,消化道造影未见钡餐外溢现象,患者顺利脱机堵管,拔除气切套管后康复出院,门诊随访病情稳定。结论 食管癌术后短期内同时出现气管食管瘘和胃底胸膜瘘,实属罕见,救治难度较大。该患者的成功救治说明支气管镜联合消化内镜是治疗气管食管瘘和胃底胸膜瘘的有效方法,值得借鉴和推广。

    Release date:2022-06-10 01:02 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Comparison of the Influence of Intrathoracic and Retrosternal Esophagogastric Anastomosis on Pulmonary Function in Aged Patients after Esophagectomy

    ObjectiveTo compare the influence of intrathoracic and retrosternal esophagogastric anastomosis on pulmonary function in aged patients after esophagectomy. MethodsForty patients (older than 62 years) with upper or middle thoracic esophageal carcinoma (EC) who underwent esophagectomy in Fengtian Hospital of Shenyang Medical College between February 2009 and May 2011 were enrolled in this study. According to different surgical approach, all the patients were divided into an intrathoracic esophagogastric anastomosis (IEGA) group and a retrosternal esophagogastric anastomosis (REGA) group. There were 20 patients in IEGA group including 16 males and 4 females with their age of 62-79 (64.70±11.47) years, who received cervical anastomosis after EC resection and intrathoracic gastric tube reconstruction. There were 20 patients in REGA group including 17 males and 3 females with their age of 63-77 (65.90±12.72) years, who received cervical anastomosis after EC resection and retrosternal gastric tube reconstruction. Pulmonary function test (PFT) was performed preoperatively and on the 15th and 30th postoperative day, and compared between the 2 groups. ResultsThere was no statistical difference in preoperative PFT between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). PFT of IEGA group on the 15th and 30th postoperative day was significantly worse than preoperative PFT (P < 0.05). PFT of REGA group on the 15th and 30th postoperative day was not statistically different from preoperative PFT (P > 0.05). PFT of REGA group on the 15th and 30th postoperative day was significantly better than PFT of IEGA group (P < 0.05). In IEGA group, postoperative complications included anastomotic leak in 1 patient, anastomotic stenosis in 1 patient, pneumonia in 5 patients and atelectasis in 1 patient. In REGA group, postoperative complications included anastomotic leak in 1 patient, anastomotic stenosis in 1 patient, gastric outlet obstruction in 1 patient and pneumonia in 3 patients. All the patients were followed up for 1 year. There was no statistical difference between PFT at 1 year after discharge and PFT on the 30th postoperative day in either group. ConclusionsIEGA can significantly reduce postoperative PFT. REGA has less negative influence on postoperative PFT, is suitable for aged patients and patients with unsatisfactory preoperative PFT, can reduce postoperative complications and improve postoperative quality of life.

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  • 电视胸腔镜手术治疗恶性胸腔积液37例临床分析

    目的探讨电视胸腔镜手术治疗恶性胸腔积液的方法,总结其临床经验。 方法回顾性分析2009年1月至2011年12月宝鸡市中心医院37例恶性胸腔积液患者的临床资料, 男21例、女16例, 年龄43~75岁。其中肺癌15例,乳腺癌7例,食管癌7例,胃癌4例,胸膜间皮瘤3例,卵巢癌1例;均为单侧胸腔积液,其中左侧胸腔积液22例, 右侧胸腔积液15例。所有患者均行电视胸腔镜手术(VATS)或VATS辅助小切口完成手术,在电视胸腔镜下行胸膜剥脱术,并喷洒滑石粉固定胸膜。 结果围术期无死亡,7例(18.9%)延长切口,手术时间(40.32±19.06)min,术中出血量(90.09±41.03)ml,术后(7.31±2.08)d拔除胸腔引流管,术后住院时间(9.02±3.11)d。手术有效率100%,其中完全缓解19例(51.4%)。术后出现轻度并发症,如肺部感染、持续性漏气和切口感染等, 经对症处理治愈。 结论电视胸腔镜治疗恶性胸腔积液是一种微创、有效、实用的治疗方法。

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