Objective To investigate the clinical significance of routine application of choledochoscope during operation of biliary duct. Methods The clinical data of 136 patients with the routine application of intraoperative choledochoscope dealing with bile duct diseases in this hospital from October 2003 to July 2009 were analyzed and summarized. Results Intraoperative choledochoscope inspection, taking stones and targeted surgery were performed in 116 cases with extrahepatic and (or) intrahepatic bile duct stones. The taking out rate of extrahepatic bile duct stones was 100% (85/85), the residual stone rates of extrahepatic and intrahepatic bile duct were 0 (0/85) and 22.6% (7/31), respectively, with the total residual stone rate was 6.0% (7/116). By using intraoperative choledochoscope, benign intrahepatic bile duct stricture was found in 13 cases, malignant extrahepatic and intrahepatic bile duct stricture in 8 cases. Four cases of hilar cholangiocarcinoma and 4 cases of common bile duct cancer, 2 cases of lower segment of common bile duct polyp, 3 cases of hepatolithiasis with the left hepatic bile duct carcinoma were diagnosed by biopsy via choledochoscope. Causes were confirmed by applying choledochoscope in 16 patients with obstructive jaundice. The use of choledochoscope with surgical treatment enabled benign and malignant bile duct stricture to achieve good results, without serious complications such as bile duct dilaceration, subphrenic abscess or acute cholangitis. Conclusions Using choledochoscope can tremendously reduce the residual rate of stone in biliary duct surgery, increase the definite diagnosis rate of biliary duct diseases and play a role of reasonable instruction in its treatment options. It has unique advantages in identifying causes of jaundice. It is remarkable that the role of applying choledochoscope to diagnose and cure biliary duct diseases. It should be widely used.
【摘要】目的 探讨纤维胆道镜对肝胆管狭窄的诊治价值。 方法 对45例肝胆管狭窄患者进行纤维胆道镜诊治，总结分析其方法的优越性。根据不同狭窄类型，治疗采取活检钳撕破狭窄膜或镜身扩张法、球囊扩张加支架支撑法。 结果 所有病例均成功治愈，无一例出现明显并发症。 结论 纤维胆道镜治疗胆管狭窄具有微创、安全、有效及方便等优点，是治疗肝胆管狭窄的有效手段。
Objective To investigate the method of the treatment on cholecystolithiasis combined with calculus of common bile duct (CBD) by laparoscopy with combination of choledochoscope and duodenoscope and its significances. Methods Forty-two patients with cholecystolithiasis combined with calculus of CBD were treated by laparoscopy with combination of choledochoscope and duodenoscope from Jan. 2007 to Dec. 2008 in this hospital. Under general anesthesia, laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed first, then the anterior wall of CBD was opened, calculus of CBD was treated by choledochoscope and duodenoscope intraoperatively. Then primary suture of the CBD was performed under laparoscope and nasobiliary drainage duct was placed. Results One case was converted to laparotomy, 41 cases succeeded and left hospital after being taken off the nasobiliary drainage duct in 5-7 d. No case died, no bile leakage, no bleeding or perforation of upper digestive tract, and no acute pancreatitis happened after operation. Conclusion Laparoscopy with combination of choledochoscope and duodenoscope treating cholecystolithiasis combined with calculus of CBD is a safe, effective and quickly recovering method with less sufferings and trauma.
Objective To study the clinical effects of laparoscope combined with choledochoscope in patients with cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis. Methods Clinical data of 74 patients with cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis between Mar. 2009 and Feb. 2011 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Among them， 37 cases underwent the laparoscope combined with choledochoscope operation （referred to as the double mirror operation group） and 37 cases underwent the conventional open operation （open operation group）. The intraoperative conditions， therapeutic effect， and complications of patients in 2 groups were compared. Results The stone clearance rates of the two groups were 100%. The recurrence rate of 2 groups in the follow-up process was no significantly difference （P＞0.05）. In the double mirror operation group， the operative time was significantly longer than that open operation group （P＜0.01）；the intraoperative bleeding was significantly less than that open operation group （P＜0.01）；the anal exhaust time after operation， get out of bed time after operation， and total duration of hospitalization were significantly shorter than that open operation group （P＜0.01）；and the incidence of postoperative complications was significantly lower than that open oper-ation group（P＜0.01）. Conclusion Laparoscope combined with choledochoscope in treatment of cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis patients has exact effects， with minor trauma， quicker recovery， and fewer complications， and it’s worthy of promotion.
Objective To explore the effect of gallbladder preserving surgery with laparoscope and choledochoscope.Methods The data of 60 cases of gallbladder preserving surgery with laparoscope and choledochoscope （observation group） and carried out with the same period 61 cases of small incision gallbladder preserving surgery （control group） between June 2008 to January 2013 were retrospective analyzed. Results All patients were followed up for （18±2.4）months （6-36 months）. The intraoperative blood loss， postoperative gallbladder hemorrhage rate， gallbladder dysfunctionrate， postoperative hospitalization time， stone recurrence rate， and reoperation rate in observation group were less orlower or shorter than the control group （P＜0.05）. The operative time and hospital costs in observation group were longeror higher than that of the control group （P＜0.05）. The rest of the observation index of two groups were no significant differences （P＞0.05）. Conclusions The gallbladder preserving surgery with laparoscope and choledochoscope is safeand feasible in technique level， and the short-term effect after operation is better. But the operation indications must be controlled strictly. The long-term efficacy needs further accumulation of cases and collect enough evidence to verify.
Objective To investigate the risk factors for delayed discharge following same-day choledochoscopic lithotomy for residual stones after biliary tract surgery. Methods The clinical data of 607 patients with residual stone after biliary tract surgery admitted to the Day Surgery Center of West China Hospital of Sichuan University between July 2019 and July 2022 were retrospectively collected. According to whether the patients were discharged on the same day, they were divided into same-day discharge group and delayed discharge group. The differences in gender, age, first surgical procedure (surgical method, hepatectomy or not, intraoperative choledochoscopy or not), choledochoscopic lithotomy (first choledochoscopy or not, lithotomy method, number of stones and site of stones), operation duration, hospital stay, hospital cost, and postoperative complications (fever, poor drainage, and T tube dislodgement) between the two groups were compared and analyzed. Multiple logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors for delayed discharge following same-day choledochoscopic lithotomy. Results All patients were admitted and discharged within 24 h, among them, 557 cases (91.8%) were discharged on the same day and 50 cases (8.2%) were discharged the next day. The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that choledochoscopy for the first time [odds ratio (OR)=2.359, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.303, 4.273), P=0.005], lithotomy after electrohydraulic lithotripsy [OR=1.857, 95%CI (1.013, 3.402), P=0.045], and multiple stones (number of stones ≥2) [OR=2.741, 95%CI (1.194, 6.288), P=0.017] were independent risk factors for delayed discharge. Conclusion The operation of same-day choledochoscopic lithotomy is mature, and choledochoscopy for the first time, lithotomy after electrohydraulic lithotripsy, and multiple stones (number of stones ≥2) are independent risk factors for delayed discharge.
【Abstract】Objective To discuss the application of endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of biliary stone with choledochofiberscope after orthotopic liver transplantation.Methods Five patients with repeated infection of bile duct and obstructive jaundice were treated with choledochofiberscope through T tube sinus, combining with the plasma shock wave lithotripsy, the eyewinker clam and the basket extraction. Results We could efficiently extract the biliary tract stone through choledochofiberscope combining with plasma shock wave lithotripsy, eyewinker clam and basket extraction; and observe the healing appearance, and blood circulation of the biliary tract. Conclusion The choledochofiberscope can be used to diagnose and treat biliary tract stone of orthotopic liver transplantation. The choledochofiberscope and T tube will be important in diagnosis and treatment of biliary tract stone following orthotopic liver transplantation.
目的评价胆道镜和十二指肠镜在治疗T管拔除后胆瘘中的应用价值。方法对我院2000年5月至2004年12月期间9例采用胆道镜或十二指肠镜下鼻胆管引流（ENBD）治疗T管拔除后胆瘘患者的资料进行回顾性分析。结果本组病例采用胆道镜和十二指肠镜治疗均获成功，无并发症。结论胆道镜和十二指肠镜治疗T管拔除后胆瘘临床疗效可靠，有推广价值。
目的 减少肝内胆管结石术后的残留。方法 回顾性分析近5年我科收治的50例肝内胆管结石病例行病灶肝切除并结合术中、术后胆道镜应用的近期疗效及术后残石率。结果 术后近期并发症发生率为8%，无胆漏、肝衰及手术死亡发生，术后B超、逆行T管造影及术后胆道镜检查证实的即期残石率仅4%（2例）。结论 减少肝内胆管结石术后结石残留的关键是术中术后胆道镜的使用，肝内及肝门胆管狭窄的彻底处理； 依据狭窄胆管所引流区域行“根治性”的肝组织切除是取尽结石，清除病灶的合理方法。