Objective To investigate the safety and efficiency of a blood glucose control method in diabetic patients with gastrointestinal neoplasm who were subjected to postoperative early enteral nutrition (EEN). Methods Thirty-seven diabetic patients with gastrointestinal neoplasm received enteral nutriment——Glucerna SR through nasojejunal tubes 24 hours after operation. The blood glucose level was safely controlled through injecting insulin intravenously and subcutaneously. Meanwhile, any change of blood and urine glucose level was monitored and the indexes representing the levels of nutrition, biochemistry and immunity were measured before the implementation of EN, 5 d and 8 d of EN after operation, respectively. Results All the patients were able to bear EEN and there was no severe complications occurred. Significant increase of serum levels of albumin, prealbumin and transferrin were observed after EEN support （P＜0.05）, as well as the serum levels of IgG， IgA and IgM （P＜0.01）. However, body weight， HGB and the serum levels of ALT and TBIL showed no significant changes （Pgt;0.05）. There were 81.1%（30/37） of patients whose blood glucose levels were controlled steadily within the range of (7.8±1.1) mmol/L. Conclusion Injecting insulin intravenously and subcutaneously after operation may be a safe and effective method to control blood glucose level. And the postoperative implementation of EEN can be considered as the first choice of nutrition support for diabetic patients with gastrointestinal neoplasm.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of preoperation administration of enteral nutrition enriched ω-3 fatty acids for gastric cancer patients. MethodsA single center randomized controlled clinical trial was performed in 60 cases of gastric cancer in West China Hospital during January 2014 to June 2014, and cases were equally randomized divided into treatment group and control group. Cases of treatment group were given enteral nutrition enriched ω-3 fatty acids which was manufactured by Fresenius Kabi Deutschland GmbH for 5 consecutive days before operation, and cases of control group were given an isocaloric and isonitrogenous homogenized diet for 5 consecutive days before operation. The laboratory indexes of nutritional status and imflammatory factors were observed and compared between 2 groups on admission, preoperative day 1, postoperative day 3, and postoperative day 5. Liver and kidney function indexes which as the safety indexes were detected on admission and preoperative day 1. Vomiting, diarrhea, and infectious complications were recorded in addition. ResultsOn 3 days after operation, levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and α-acid glycoprotein (AAG) of treatment group were both lower than those of control group (P<0.05); on 5 days after operation, levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) of treatment group was lower than that of control group too (P<0.05); but at other time points, there were no significant differences in any index between the 2 groups (P>0.05). During the period of enteral nutrition, only 1 case suffered from bloating and 1 case suffered from diarrhea, both in treatment group, and the incidence of adverse reactions didn't differed between treatment group[6.7% (2/30)]and control group[0 (0/30)], P>0.05. Moreover, there were no significant differences between treatment group and control group in incidences of wound infection[3.3% (1/30) vs. 10.0% (3/30)], abdominal infection[0 (0/30) vs. 3.3% (1/30)], urinary infection[0 (0/30) vs. 3.3% (1/30)], and pulmonary infection[0 (0/30) vs. 6.7% (2/30)], but the total incidence of complication was lower in treatment group than that of control group[3.3% (1/30) vs. 23.3% (7/30)], P=0.026. ConclusionEnteral nutrition enriched ω-3 fatty acids can reduce the rate of infection-related complication for patients with gastric cancer, and has a sense of safety.
摘要:目的: 探讨早期肠内营养支持在胃肠道恶性肿瘤术后患者中应用的临床效果。 方法 :54 例胃肠道恶性肿瘤行根治手术的患者,随机分为对照组和研究组,分别接受肠外营养支持(PN)和肠内营养支持(EN)。比较两组治疗前后的血清白蛋白、前白蛋白和转铁蛋白水平,肝肾功能指标,胃肠功能恢复时间以及并发症的发生率。 结果 :经过术后7 d 的营养支持治疗,EN组术后血清前白蛋白、转铁蛋白水平升高程度明显大于PN组,胃肠功能较PN组更快恢复。在术后并发症的发生率和肝肾功能指标方面两组没有显著性差异。 结论 :早期肠内营养支持能够安全有效地促进胃肠道肿瘤术后患者的恢复。Abstract: Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of early enteral nutrition (EN) support on postoperative patients with gastrointestinal malignancy. Methods : A total of 54 postoperative patients with gastrointestinal malignancy were randomly divided into EN group and parenteral (PN) group. Both groups received isocaloric and isonitrogen nutrition support. The serum albumin, transferrin, prealbumin and liver and renal function were measured using standard techniques. The gastrointestinal function and postoperative complications were evaluated. Results : After nutrition support, serum albumin was not significantly different between two groups. Compared with PN group, serum transferrin and prealbumin level significantly increased in EN group (P＜005). The gastrointestinal function in EN group resumed earlier than that in PN group. There was also no difference in liver and renal function and postoperative complications between two groups. Conclusion : The application of early enteral nutrition support is beneficial to the recovery of the gastrointestinal cancer patients after surgery.
目的 研究高血压脑出血患者开始建立肠内营养的时间，以揭示其建立肠内营养的最佳时机。 方法 选取2010年7月－2011年9月收治的高血压脑出血患者69例，随机将其分为A、B、C组，A组23例在血流动力学稳定后24 h内采取鼻胃管方式开始建立肠内营养；B组23例在24～48 h内开始肠内营养支持；C组23例在48～72 h开始肠内营养支持，并分别于营养支持前1 d及营养支持后的14 d检测三组患者三头肌皮皱厚度、上臂肌围、血清白蛋白、血红蛋白水平等相关营养指标的波动情况；监测第3、14天各组患者腹泻、便秘、应激性溃疡、肺部感染等临床并发症的发生情况。 结果 相关营养指标监测结果研究发现：建立肠内营养支持14 d后，三组患者其三头肌皮皱厚度及上臂肌围在营养支持前后差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；A、B组患者其血清白蛋白及血红蛋白水平在营养支持后较前有增高表现，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05），且B组患者其血清白蛋白及血红蛋白水平增高程度较A组更为显著；C组患者其血清白蛋白水平在营养支持后有增高表现，且差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05），但血红蛋白水平较前比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。相关临床并发症发生率的研究结果如下：给予肠内营养支持3 d后，A、C组患者分别与其余两组比较发现，其腹泻、胃潴留、应激性溃疡、肺部感染发生率较其余两组比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；B组患者与其余两组比较，其应激性溃疡发生率较其余两组减低，且差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；腹泻、胃潴留、肺部感染较其余两组比较无显著差异；但随着观察时间的不断延长，在肠内营养支持后的14 d，A组患者较其余两组比较，其腹泻、胃潴留、应激性溃疡发生率仍无显著差异，但其肺部感染的发生率较B组增高，而较C组减低，且差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；B组患者较其余两组比较，其腹泻、应激性溃疡、肺部感染的发生率较其余两组均减低，且差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05），并且其肺部感染发生率减低程度较A组明显，其胃潴留发生率与其余两组比较时差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；C组患者与其余两组比较，其应激性溃疡、肺部感染个例发生率较其余两组增高，但差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。 结论 高血压脑出血患者于血流动力学稳定后的24～48 h内给予建立肠内营养支持，可利于患者相关营养指标的恢复，减少相关临床并发症的发生，可能会在一定程度益于患者的预后。
ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of enteral nutrition support on postoperative nutritional status and clinical outcomes in patients with upper digestive tract ulcer perforation. MethodsSeventy-twe patients with upper gastrointestinal ulcer perforation who treated in Heze Municipal Hospital from 2012 to 2014 were randomly divided into early enteral nutrition (EEN) group (n=36) and parenteral nutrition (TPN)group (n=36) according to their different ways of nutrition, the body weight, body mass index, the levels of prealbumin and albumin before operation and on day 7 ofter operation were analyzed. The time of resumption of gastrointestinal function, the time of hospital stay, hospitalization cost, and postoperative complication were recorded. ResultsThere were no significant differences on levels of body weight, body mass index, serum albumin, and prealbumin before operation between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). On day 7 after operation, the levels of body weight, body mass index, prealbumin, and albumin were significantly low in both groups, and the TPN group was decreased more than EEN group (P < 0.05). The inffect complications in EEN group was lower than in TPN group, the time of resumption of gastrointestinal function in EEN group was shorter than in TPN group, and the hospital stay and hospitalization cost in EEN group were both lower than in TPN group, there were significant difference between the 2 groups (P < 0.05). ConclusionsEarly postoperative enteral nutrition for the patients with upper gastrointestinal ulcer perforation after operation can be effective to improve the nutrition status, reduce the incidence of infectious complications, promote early recovery of gastrointestinal function, reduce hospitalization cost, and accelerate the rehabilitation of patients.
Enteral nutrition can improve patient’s nutritional status, reduce the incidence of complications, and promote the patient’s rehabilitation. For patients with stroke, enteral nutrition is the first choice for nutritional support. Nurses not only participate but also play important roles in the whole process of nutrition management in stroke. Therefore, standardizing the nursing practice in enteral nutrition and developing nursing guideline in line with Chinese clinical practice is of great significance. In the guideline, 18 key clinical questions had been established via the Delphi method, and for each question, detailed recommendations had been constructed. It is expected to provide clinical standards for enteral nutrition in patients with stroke, and to improve the nutritional management and disease prognosis of stroke patients.
Objective To promote the clinical application of parenteral and enteral nutrition preparations in hospitalized patients. Methods Domestic and foreign articles about parenteral and enteral nutrition support were enrolled to make a review. Results Nowadays, parenteral and enteral nutrition played an important role in the medical treatment of perioperative and critically ill patients. Rational nutrition support could improve the condition of patients with nutritional risk and result in better clinical outcomes. Different enteral nutrition formulations should be used according to the diseases. Supplementally parenteral nutrition may also be useful in combination with enteral nutrition to reach the required intake targets. We should pay attention to the application of glucose, lipid emulsion, amino acids, vitamins, and so on, when performed parenteral nutrition support. Conclusion It is necessary to standardize parenteral and enteral nutrition support in the work of clinical practice, including the application of nutrition support and selection of nutrition preparations.
Objective To study the current clinical application and advancement of microbioecological preparation. Methods Literatures about microbioecological preparation published in China and abroad were collected and reviewed. Results The microbioecological preparation has been widely used at present. It is used to rebuild a balanced microbial population in human body, particularly in intestinal, to promote the stability of internal environment, control dysbacteriosis and to treat a variety of gastrointestinal diseases associated with ectopic microbial population. Conclusion Although microbioecological preparation has been widely used in clinical settings, its effect yet should be further supported and evaluated both by large sample research in randomized double-blind control trails and evidence-based medicine.
Objective To investigate the influence on the postoperative recovery for giving either total parenteral nutrition （TPN） or early enteral nutrition (EEN) to patients with gastric cancer after total gastrectomy. Methods Eighty-six patients with gastric cancer undergone total gastrectomy were divided into TPN group (n=31) and EEN group (n=55). Patients in TPN group received TPN support via vena cava (internal jugular vein or subclavian vein), while patients in EEN group received early feeding through the naso-intestinal tube, which was placed during operation, and volume of enteral nutrition (fresubin) was increased daily, full enteral nutrition was expected on day 3-5. Nutrition status after operation, postoperative plasma albumin (Alb), the time of passing gas or stool, the time of oral intake, hospital stay and any postoperative complications were recorded and analyzed. Results There were no significant differences between two groups (Pgt;0.05) in postoperative plasma Alb level, the time of passing gas or stool, postoperative complications rate or hospital stay. However, in the TPN group, the time of oral intake was shorter than that in EEN group (P=0.004). Conclusions Both TPN and EEN are the suitable nutritional methods for patients with gastric cancer after total gastrectomy, and with no detectable difference. For patients with high risk, such as severe malnutrition, naso-intestinal tube should be placed for EEN.
ObjectiveTo research and summarize the best evidences of probiotic-riched early enteral nutrition for postoperative liver transplantation, and provide references for precise and individual clinical nutrition and probiotics usage management in patients with liver transplantation.MethodsThe scientific problem was established according to the PIPOST. The British Medical Journal Best Practice, Cochrane Library, Jonna Briggs Institute, Guidelines International Network, National Guideline Clearinghouse, etc. were used to search the papers or relative data recordings. The evidence evaluation and summary were carried out based on the previous documents.ResultsOne evidence summary, 2 systematic reviews, and 5 randomized controlled studies were included. Based on the specific questions, 6 dimensions (24 evidences) were extracted and summarized: the early enteral nutrition was used within postoperative 24 h, starting with 20 mL/h, but not more than 125 mL/h, essential nutrients would be fine and tube feeding would be converted to oral feeding as soon as possible; Lactobacillus 20 mg and Bifidobacterium 15 mg were suggested, 3 times/d, probiotic-riched early enteral nutrition for postoperative liver transplantation should be lasted for at least 14 d.ConclusionsEvidence-based medicine is used to collect the best evidence of probiotic-riched early enteral nutrition for postoperative liver transplantation, there are few studies on early enteral nutrition after liver transplantation in China. Application of the best evidence needs to be analyzed and constructed according to current situation of liver transplantation in China.