Precision medicine is a novel medical modality based on genome sequencing, bioinformatics and big data science. The studies regarding tuberculosis always concentrated on the bacteria and host in the setting of precision medicine. This review mainly introduces the application of precision medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis. The limits of the Chinese studies with respect to precision medicine in tuberculosis are also discussed. Moreover, the article predicates its future development.
Objective To summarize the development of process and clinical practice for radiomics. Methods Relevant literatures about the development of process and clinical practice of radiomics were collected to make a review. Results Radiomics, which resulting from big data, had been used in diagnosis, assessment of prognosis, and predictionof therapy response for neoplasm. Conclusion Radiomics is an important part of precision medical imaging in the eraof big data.
Precision medicine is a personalized medical system based on patients' individual biological information, clinical symptoms and signs, forming a new clinical research model and medical practice path. The basic idea of traditional Chinese medicine and the concept of precision medicine share many similarities. The basket trial developed for precision medicine is also suitable for clinical trials and evaluation of the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation and treatment systems. Basket trials are used to evaluate the efficacy of a drug in the treatment of multiple diseases or disease subtypes. It has the advantages of sharing a master protocol, unifying management of subsidiary studies, simplifying the test implementation process, unifying statistical analysis, saving resources, reducing budgets and accelerating the drug evaluation progress. This is similar to the concept of using the "same treatment for different diseases" found in traditional Chinese medicine. This paper introduced the concept and method of basket trials and explored their application and advantages in clinical research into traditional Chinese medicine. This study is expected to provide references for the methodological innovation of clinical research into traditional Chinese medicine.
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide. Many options including surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy have been applied in the treatment for lung cancer patients. However, how to develop individualized treatment plans for patients and accurately determine the prognosis of patients is still a very difficult clinical problem. In recent years, radiomics, as an emerging method for medical image analysis, has gradually received the attention from researchers. It is based on the assumption that medical images contain a vast amount of biological information about patients that is difficult to identify with naked eyes but can be accessed by computer. One of the most common uses of radiomics is the diagnosis and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this review, we reviewed the current researches on chest CT-based radiomics in the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC and provided a brief summary of the current state of research in this field, covering various aspects of qualitative diagnosis, efficacy prediction, and prognostic analysis of lung cancer. We also briefly described the main current technical limitations of this technology with the aim of gaining a broader understanding of its potential role in the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC and advancing its development as a tool for individualized management of NSCLC patients.
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors among women. Typically, the operation of breast cancer should include breast surgery and axillary lymph node surgery since breast cancer first metastasizes to regional axillary lymph nodes. However, postoperative breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) in upper limb is the most common long-term complication. The injury to upper limb lymphatic system contributes to causing the postoperative BCRL. Therefore, precision medicine in the extent of axillary lymph node surgery plays an important role in preventing BCRL which can improve the quality of life in breast cancer patients.
ObjectiveTo summarize the application of radiomics in colorectal cancer.MethodsRelevant literatures about the therapeutic decision-making, therapeutic, and prognostic evaluation of colorectal cancer using radiomics were collected to make an review.ResultsRadiomics is of great value in preoperative stages, therapeutic, and prognostic evaluation in colorectal cancer.ConclusionRadiomics is an important part of precision medical imaging for colorectal cancer.
This paper introduces the background and research design (including site of investigation, study population, baseline survey and follow-up monitoring), which belongs to the Precision Medicine Project of the National Key Research and Development Program of China.
Precision medicine is a medical paradigm founded on individual genetic information amalgamated with extensive clinical data to offer patients precise diagnoses and treatments. Genetic testing forms the cornerstone of accurate diagnosis, and skilled professionals in fields like clinical medicine, molecular biology, and bioinformatics play a crucial role in realizing the potential of precision medicine. This paper presents reference suggestions for the continuing education approach for relevant technical personnel. The main emphasis is on conducting routine face-to-face and hands-on training to enhance theoretical knowledge and professional skills. Secondly, there is a need to modify the training approach by reinforcing molecular biology, bioinformatics, and other courses, enhancing assessment methods, gradually implementing specialized training in precision medicine subspecialties, and ensuring effective clinical practice and management of precision medicine.
As one of the most breakthrough cutting-edge technologies in the biomedical field in recent years, organoid culture technology can use cells derived from, either (pluripotent) stem cells or tissue-derived differentiated/progenitor cells (foetal, neonatal, or adult) to form 3D multicellular structure organoids with self-organizing and recapitulating at least some features of the organ including tissue architecture or function abilities. Recently, organoids have been widely used in disease model construction, anti-cancer drug screening, gene or cell therapy, etc., providing an ideal model for basic biomedical research, drug development and clinical precision medicine, and has shown an important role in regenerative medicine.