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find Keyword "神经系统" 66 results
  • 原钙粘蛋白与癫痫相关性研究进展

    神经系统在人体发育中正常发挥着作用与许多因素有关,最为重要的是相互联系的神经细胞,当其结构和功能发生变化时可能导致癫痫等神经疾病的发生。原钙粘蛋白(Protocadherins,PCDH)是钙粘蛋白家族(Cadherin Super family)中最大的亚类,包括 14 个同源蛋白和四个反义长链非编码 RNA。PCDH 蛋白质在钙存在的情况下介导神经组织中的细胞粘附,广泛参与了突触形成、神经元间连接及大脑发育等过程。作为神经发育过程中结构和功能的基本单位,神经元通过特殊的细胞间连接与其他神经细胞组成功能性神经回路,其细胞连接方式对于正常的神经功能的发挥起到重要作用。包括 PCDH 蛋白在内的细胞粘附分子是神经元之间识别、连接和相互作用的分子基础,促进了功能性神经元回路的形成。已有研究表明编码 PCDH 蛋白的基因发生变异时可导致癫痫的发生,但具体的发病机制和致病过程尚不清楚。本文主要围绕 PCDH 蛋白与癫痫的关系,结合同源基因进化、基因表达和基因功能等方面的解析,梳理了近年来 PCDH 蛋白参与癫痫发病机制的最新进展。

    Release date:2021-12-30 06:08 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Association between human immunodeficiency virus-1 ribonucleic acid load in cerebrospinal fluid and central neurological diseases

    Objective To evaluate the relation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 ribonucleic acid (RNA) loads in cerebrospinal fluid with central neurological diseases. Methods The inpatients with HIV-1 infection diagnosed by Public Health Clinical Center of Chengdu between January 1st, 2015 and March 1st, 2018 were retrospectively included. The included patients were divided into central neurological disease group and non-central neurological disease group, and high viral load group and low viral load group. The demographic data, CD4+ T lymphocyte count, routine detection of cerebrospinal fluid, HIV RNA load in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma of patients with and without central neurological diseases were observed and compared.Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for central neurological diseases. Results A total of 367 patients were included. In the central neurological disease group, 210 cases (57.22%) were complicated with central neurological diseases, and cryptococcus infection was the most. Compared with the non-central neurological disease group, the increase rate of cerebrospinal fluid cell counts, cerebrospinal fluid cell counts, cerebrospinal fluid HIV RNA positivity and cerebrospinal fluid HIV RNA load were higher in the central neurological disease group (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that HIV RNA load in cerebrospinal fluid≥100 000 copies/mL and CD4+ T lymphocyte count<200 cells/mm3 were risk factors for central neurological diseases. Conclusion Cerebrospinal fluid HIV RNA load≥100 000 copies/mL is an independent risk factor for HIV/AIDS patients with central neurological diseases and clinical treatment should take this factor into consideration to reasonably optimize the selection of antiretroviral therapy.

    Release date:2022-05-24 03:47 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 20例首诊于眼科的特发性颅内压增高症

    Release date:2017-09-19 03:09 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Development of a short-term mortality risk prediction model for patients with central nervous system infection based on cerebrospinal fluid lactate

    Objective To develop a novel prediction model based on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lactate for early identification of high-risk central nervous system (CNS) infection patients in the emergency setting. Methods Patients diagnosed with CNS infections admitted to the Department of Emergency Medicine of West China Hospital, Sichuan University between January 1, 2020 and December 31, 2023 were retrospectively selected. Patients were classified into a survival group and a death group according to their 28-day survival status, and clinical characteristics were compared between groups. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of 28-day mortality, which were subsequently used to construct a nomogram. Results A total of 173 patients were included, comprising 135 in the survival group and 38 in the death group. Multivariate analysis identified the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Ⅳ (APACHE Ⅳ) score [odds ratio (OR)=1.027, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.002, 1.055), P=0.034], CSF lactate [OR=1.147, 95%CI (1.025, 1.286), P=0.018], and interleukin-6 [OR=1.002, 95%CI (1.001, 1.004), P=0.002] as independent predictors of 28-day mortality. The integrated model combining APACHE Ⅳ score, CSF lactate, and interleukin-6, demonstrated superior predictive performance compared with the APACHE Ⅳ score alone (P=0.020), and showed good calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow P=0.50). Conclusions This tool may provide a useful instrument for emergency physicians to assess the 28-day mortality risk in patients with CNS infections, potentially facilitating early and targeted interventions for high-risk individuals. However, as the findings of this study are derived from a single-center retrospective dataset, the clinical applicability of this model requires further external validation through large-scale, prospective, multicenter studies to evaluate its generalizability.

    Release date:2025-09-26 04:04 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Central nervous system complications in patients with carotid artery stenosis undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: A retrospective cohort study

    ObjectiveTo analyze the effect of carotid artery stenosis degree and intervention for carotid artery stenosis on the incidence of central nervous system complications after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) and explore the influencing factors. MethodsA total of 1 150 patients undergoing OPCABG in our hospital from June 2018 to June 2021 were selected and divided into two groups according to whether there were central nervous system complications, including a central nervous system complication group [n=61, 43 males and 18 females with a median age of 68.0 (63.0, 74.0) years] and a non-central nervous system complication group [n=1 089, 796 males and 293 females with a median age of 65.5 (59.0, 70.0) years]. The risk factors for central nervous system complications after OPCABG were analyzed. ResultsUnivariate analysis showed that age, smoking, hyperlipidemia, preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction, intra-aortic ballon pump (IABP), postoperative arrhythmia, postoperative thoracotomy and blood transfusion volume were associated with central nervous system complications. The incidence of central nervous system complications in patients with severe carotid artery stenosis or occlusion (11.63%) was higher than that in the non-stenosis and mild stenosis patients (4.80%) and moderate stenosis patients (4.76%) with a statistical difference (P=0.038). The intervention for carotid artery stenosis before or during the operation did not reduce the incidence of central nervous system complications after the operation (42.11% vs. 2.99%, P<0.001). Age, postoperative arrhythmia, severe unilateral or bilateral carotid artery stenosis and occlusion were independent risk factors for postoperative central nervous system complications (P<0.05). Conclusion The age, smoking, hyperlipidemia, preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction, intraoperative use of IABP, postoperative arrhythmia, secondary thoracotomy after surgery, blood transfusion volume and OPCABG are associated with the incidence of postoperative central nervous system complications in patients. Age, postoperative arrhythmia, severe unilateral or bilateral carotid artery stenosis and occlusion are independent risk factors for postoperative central nervous system complications. In patients with severe carotid artery stenosis, preoperative treatment of the carotid artery will not reduce the incidence of central nervous system complications.

    Release date:2022-06-24 01:25 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 以神经系统损害为主的卟啉病护理一例

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  • 抗髓磷脂少突胶质细胞糖蛋白抗体阳性脑炎一例并文献复习

    Release date:2023-05-04 04:20 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 干燥综合征并发脊髓炎一例

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  • PRESENT AND FUTURE OF CLINICAL APPLICATION OF MYOBLAST

    Objective To introduce the current situation and futureof myoblast transfer therapy (MTT) in clinical application Methods The latest fifteenyear literatures were extensively reviewed, concerninggene therapy for Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy, Parkinson’s disease, myelopathy, permanent facial paralysis, angiocardiopathy, injuries of bone, joint and muscle, hematopathy, and pituitary dwarf. Results In medical field, MTT is an ideal method to treat some common diseases. The problems were immunologic rejection and better carriers for myoblasts implantation. Conclusion It is the focus on the use of myoblast as a vector to carry exogenous gene in some disease therapy. The major problems of MTT include transplantation immunity, cell fusion and target protein expression. It is easy to gain,culture and transfuse to the host for myoblasts, these merits are beneficial to clinical application. 

    Release date:2016-09-01 09:23 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • The reduction of coagulation factor activity R before surgery increases the risk of postoperative neurological complications in patients with acute type A aortic dissection

    ObjectiveTo analyze the risk factors for neurological complications after emergency surgery of acute type A aortic dissection.MethodsThe clinical data of 51 patients with acute Stanford type A aortic dissection who were admitted to Shanghai Delta Hospital from October 2018 to May 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 37 males (72.5%) and 14 females (27.5%), aged 29-85 (55.1±12.3) years. The patients were divided into two groups, including a N1 group (n=12, patients with postoperative neurological insufficiency) and a N0 group (n=39, patients without postoperative neurological insufficiency). The clinical data of the two groups were compared and analyzed.ResultsThere were statistical differences in age (62.6±11.2 years vs. 51.7±11.4 years, P=0.003), preoperative D-dimer (21.7±9.2 µg/L vs.10.8±10.7 µg/L, P=0.001), tracheal intubation time (78.7±104.0 min vs. 19.6±31.8 min, P=0.003), ICU stay time (204.1±154.8 min vs. 110.8±139.9 min, P=0.037) and preoperative coagulation factor activity R (4.0±1.5 vs. 5.1±1.6, P=0.022). Preoperative coagulation factor activity R was the independent risk factor for neurological insufficiency after emergency (OR=2.013, 95%CI 1.008-4.021, P=0.047).ConclusionFor patients with pre-emergent acute aortic dissection who are older (over 62.6-64.5 years), with reduced coagulation factor R (less than 4.0), it is recommended to take more active brain protection measures to reduce the occurrence of postoperative neurological complications in patients with acute aortic dissection, and further improve the quality of life.

    Release date:2021-07-28 10:02 Export PDF Favorites Scan
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