Mitochondrial quality control includes mechanisms such as mitochondria-derived vesicles, fusion / fission and autophagy. These processes rely on the collaboration of a variety of key proteins in the inner and outer membranes of mitochondria to jointly regulate the morphological structure and functional integrity of mitochondria, repair mitochondrial damage, and maintain the homeostasis of their internal environment. The imbalance of mitochondrial quality control is associated with leukemia. Therefore, by exploring the mechanisms related to mitochondrial quality control of various leukemia cells and their interactions with immune cells and immune microenvironment, this article sought possible targets in the treatment of leukemia, providing new ideas for the immunotherapy of leukemia.
Mouse animal models are the most commonly used experimental tools in scientific research, which have been widely favored by researchers. The animal model of mouse leukemia appeared in the 1930s. During the past 90 years, researchers have developed various types of mouse leukemia models to simulate the development and treatment of human leukemia in order to promote effectively the elucidation of the molecular mechanism of leukemia' development and progression, as well as the development of targeted drugs for the treatment of leukemia. Considering that to myeloid leukemia, especially acute myeloid leukemia, there currently is no good clinical treatment, it is urgent to clarify its new molecular mechanism and develop new therapeutic targets. This review focuses on the various types of mouse models about myeloid leukemia used commonly in recent years, including mouse strains, myeloid leukemia cell types, and modeling methods, which are expected to provide a reference for relevant researchers to select animal models during myeloid leukemia research.
ObjectiveTo explore the expressions of nerve growth factor (NGF) and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in both asthmatic mice and respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)-infected mice,explore if there is a same neurogenic mechanism between ashtma and RSV infection,in order to find a new treatment target for asthma. MethodsOne hundred healthy Balb/c inbred mice were randomly divided into a control group,a RSV group,an asthma group,an asthma with RSV group,and a dexamethasone group. The lung tissue pathology was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining(HE). The quantitative analysis of NGF mRNA and LIF mRNA of lung tissue was detected by RT-PCR. The expression of NGF protein and LIF protein was detected by immunohistochemical method. ResultsUnder light mocroscope,there were alveolar septum widening,alveolar epithelium swelling,and interstitial edema in the RSV group. There were widen alveolar septum,narrowed bronchial lumen,thicken bronchial wall and a large number of inflammatory cells infiltration around the small blood vessels,alveolar and bronchioles both in the asthma group and the asthma with RSV group,with the latter being more serious. Compared with the RSV group,the inflammation was relieved significantly in the dexamethason group. There were mRNA and protein expressions of NGF and LIF in all groups, which were highest in the asthma with RSV group,then the RSV group and the asthma group,and lowest in the dexamethasone group. ConclusionsThe expressions of LIF and NGF in the lung of mice after RSV infection and futher increase when combined with asthma. Dexamethason can inhibit the expression of NGF and LIF to some extent.
Objective To systematically review the health economic evaluation studies of medicines for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). MethodsThe PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI, and WanFang Data, as well as the CRD database specifically for health economics were electronically searched from inception to June 2022, and related journals in the field of health economics and the websites of HTA institutions in various countries were manually searched. The quality of the studies was assessed using the CHEERS checklist. The basic characteristics of health economics evaluation publications were summarized, the quality of model structures and methodologies was assessed and economic evaluation results were compared among different treatments. Results A total of 17 studies were included, and cost-effectiveness analyses were conducted from the perspectives of the health system, patients, the whole society, and medical insurance payers. The economic evaluation models were relatively unified, but there were differences in methods and results reporting, and the quality needed to be improved. The research objects were mainly the comparison of hypomethylating agents, targeted medicine and traditional chemotherapy regimens, as well as the comparison of different chemotherapy combinations and different drug dosages. Conclusion Real-world studies are mainly focused on traditional chemotherapy regimens, and model-based health economic evaluations, such as Markov models, are more frequently applied to newly developed targeted drugs and demethylation drugs. Among all treatments, the chemotherapy regimens including cytarabine, midostaurin, and decitabine are found to be more cost-effective.
【摘要】 目的 探讨仪器法和镜检法计数白血病幼稚粒细胞百分比的相关性和一致性。 方法 2009年6-9月对71例慢性粒细胞性白血病（慢粒）、亚急性粒细胞性白血病（M2）、急性早幼粒细胞性白血病（M3）及急性粒单核细胞性白血病（M4）白血病患者进行仪器法和镜检法计数周围静脉血幼稚粒细胞的百分比的检测，并进行比较分析。 结果 两种方法计数的慢粒、M2、M3及M4型共71例白血病患者的幼稚粒细胞的百分比比较，有统计学意义（t=6.404，Plt;0.01）；但具有相关性（r=0.771，Plt;0.001）。且四种类型白血病中的每一种类型的白血病的两种方法的幼粒值也都具有相关性和不一致性（Plt;0.05）。 结论 SYSMEX XE-2100全自动血细胞分析仪对慢粒、M2、M3及M4的周围静脉血幼稚粒细胞识别能力欠佳，仍需采用镜检法进行检测。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the correlation and consistency of the percentage of immature granulocytes of peripheral venous blood in patients with leucocythemia between the instrument method and microscope test method. Methods From June to September 2009, instrument method and microscope test method were used to measure the percentage of immature granulocytes of peripheral venous blood in patients with leucocythemia [chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL), subacute granulocytic leukemia (M2), acute promyelocyte leukemia (M3), and acute myelomonocytic leukemia (M4)]. Results The difference in the percentage of immature granulocytes of the 71 samples between the 2 methods was significant (t=6.404,Plt;0.01), but still with correlation (r=0.771,Plt;0.001). Besides, there were also correlation and consistency of the percentage of immature granulocytes of the four types of leukemia between the two methods (Plt;0.05). Conclusion The identification ability of SYSMEX XE-2100 type automatic blood cell analyzer for measuring the percentage of immature granulocytes of peripheral venous blood in patients with CGL, M2, M3 and M4 is still weak. Currently, microscope test method still needs to be applied in the measurement.
Objective To search evidence in the treatment of Philadelphia chromosome （Ph）-positive acute lymphocytic leukemia （ALL） for guiding chnical practice. Methods We searched MEDLINE （February, 1970～July, 2005 ） and SUMSEAILCH （till July, 2005 ）to identify systematic reviews（SIL）, randomized controlled trials（RCTs） and controlled clinical trials （CCTs） in the treatment of Ph-positive ALL. Results One RCT and 8 CCTs were identified. The results showed that Ph-positive ALL had a very poor prognosis . Chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation （BMT） were the two main ways to treat the disease. Outcome of conventional chemotherapy treatment for adults with the disease was poor. Outcome of treatment with hyper-CVAD and imatinib mesylate was better and BMT was the only way which could potentially cure the disease. Conclusions Treatment of Ph-positive ALL with hyper-CVAD and imatinib mesylate may induce higher remission rate and disease free survival rate. BMT is the best way to cure the disease.