Objective To explore the effects of overexpression of human tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 (hTIMP-1) on proliferation of human liver cancer cell line HepG2 in vitro. Methods A recombinant adenoviral vector containing full-length cDNA of hTIMP-1 was generated and transfected into HepG2. The viral titer was checked by measuring GFP, and the expression of hTIMP-1 in vitro was detected by the techniques of Western blot and semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The ultrastructure was observed by transmission electron microscope and the effects of overexpression of hTIMP-1 on proliferation of HepG2 in vitro was analyzed by MTT assay and growth curve. Results The resultant AdhTIMP-1 was successfully constructed and the expression of hTIMP-1 was detected by Western blot and RT-PCR. The growth and proliferation of HepG2, which had been transfected with AdhTIMP-1, was significantly inhibited. Conclusion The proliferation of HepG2 was markedly inhibited by recombinant adenovirus-mediated overexpression of hTIMP-1, which may pave the way for further application in liver gene therapy.
Since the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic at the end of December 2019, more than 85% of the population in China has been infected. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mainly affects the respiratory system, especially the lungs. The mortality rate of patients with severe infection is high. A percentage of 6% to 10% of patients will eventually develop into COVID-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (CARDS), which requires mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support. Some patients who survive acute lung injury will subsequently develop post COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis (PCPF). Both fully treated CARDS and severe PCPF are suitable candidates for lung transplantation. Due to the special course, evaluation strategies are different from those used in patients with common end-stage lung disease. After lung transplantation in COVID-19 patients, special treatment is required, including standardized nucleic acid testing for the novel coronavirus, adjustment strategy of immunosuppressive drugs, and rational use of antiviral drugs, which is a big challenge for the postoperative management of lung transplantation. This consensus was evidence-based written and was reached by experts after multiple rounds of discussions, providing reference for assessment and postoperative management of patients with interstitial pneumonia after COVID-19 infection.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the protective effect of serum maternal respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) antibodies on infants with RSV infection. MethodsPubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI and WanFang Data databases were electronically searched to collect observational studies on the correlation between serum maternal RSV antibodies and infants with RSV infection from inception to July 18, 2021. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies, then, qualitative analysis was performed. ResultsA total of 19 studies were included, and 60% of those studies suggested that a higher level of maternal antibodies could prevent RSV infection. However, the remaining 40% of them showed that there was no significant difference in the level of RSV maternal antibodies between the infected group and the non-infected group. Further more, in the studies of the correlation between maternal antibody level and disease severity after RSV infection, 55% of those showed that maternal antibody level was negatively correlated with disease severity. ConclusionThe protective effect of serum maternal RSV antibodies on infants reported in different studies varies. Whether it can prevent RSV infection and affect the severity of RSV infected children still needs to be explored.
Objective To study the adenovirus-mediated human bone morphogenetic protein-2 gene （Ad-hBMP-2）transferred to the intervertebral disc cells of the New Zealand rabbit in vitro. Methods The cells of New Zealand white rabbitswere isolated from their lumbar discs. The cells were grown in the monolayer and treated with an adenovirus encoding the LacZ gene (Ad-LacZ) and Ad-hBMP-2 (50,100, 150 MOI,multiplicity of infection) in the Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium and the Ham’s F-12 Medium in vitro. Three days after the Ad-hBMP-2 treatment,the expression of hBMP-2 in the cells that had been infected by different dosesof MOI was determined by immunofluorescence and the Western blot analysis, and the expression was determined in the cells with the Ad-LacZ treatment in a dose of 150 MOI. Six days after the Ad-hBMP-2 treatment, mRNA was extracted for the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and the difference was detected between the control group and the culture group that was treated withAd-hBMP-2 in doses of 50, 100 and 150 MOI so that the expressions of aggrecan and collagen ⅡmRNA could be observed. Results The expression of hBMP-2 in the cells was gradually increased after the transfection in an increasing dose, which was observed by immunofluorescence and the Western blot analysis. At 6 days the aggrecan and collagen type Ⅱ mRNA expressions were up-regulated by Ad-hBMP-2 after the transfection at an increasing viral concentration in the dosedependent manner. Conclusion The results show that Ad-hBMP-2 can transfect the rabbit intervertebral disc cells in vitro with a high efficiency rate and the expression of hBMP-2 after theinfection is dose-dependent in the manner. AdhBMP-2 after transfection can up-regulate the expression of aggrecan and collagen Ⅱ mRNA at an increasing viral concentration.
Drugs may induce hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation (HBV-R). Here we have reviewed the definition and harm of HBV-R, the risk drugs and their underlying mechanism, the influence factors, as well as the early intervention measures. It is shown that multiple drugs, including chemotherapy drugs, immunotherapy drugs, directly acting antivirals, cell therapy, etc., can induce HBV-R by affecting host immunity or directly activating HBV transcription factors. HBV-R could cause severe liver damage, even interruption of treatment of original diseases, affecting the prognosis of patients. Through precisely identifying risk drugs, monitoring the influence factors, and prescribing preventive anti-HBV regimen if necessary, the incidence of HBV-R can be significantly reduced. It is also suggested that clinical physicians should not only pay attention to the early identification and intervention of HBV-R, but also further study the mechanism of HBV-R in depth, especially the underlying mechanism between host, HBV and risk factors. This will help to promote the discovery of more valuable markers for risk prediction and targets for early intervention, and to further reduce the risk of HBV-R and improve the prognosis of patients.
Most patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have a good prognosis, but a certain proportion of the elderly and people with underlying diseases are still prone to develop into severe and critical COVID-19. Kidney is one of the common target organs of COVID-19. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of severe COVID-19 patients, especially critical COVID-19 patients admitted to intensive care units. AKI associated with COVID-19 is also an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in patients. This article mainly focuses on the epidemiological data, possible pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, and prevention and treatment based on the 5R principle of AKI associated with COVID-19. It summarizes the existing evidence to explore standardized management strategies for AKI associated with COVID-19.
Objective To analyze the incidence and mortality of acute viral hepatitis in China, project its trends from 2022 to 2030, and provide valuable insights for the prevention and control of viral hepatitis. Methods The incidence and mortality rates of acute viral hepatitis in China from 1990 to 2021 were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 database. The change rates and the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) for each indicator were calculated. Additionally, an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model was used to project the incidence and mortality of acute viral hepatitis in China from 2022 to 2030. Results From 1990 to 2021, the incidence rates of acute hepatitis A (AHA), acute hepatitis B (AHB), acute hepatitis C (AHC), and acute hepatitis E (AHE) in China all showed a declining trend (EAPC=−1.980%, −2.664%, −2.078%, −1.686%; P<0.05), with a particularly marked decrease in mortality (EAPC=−11.662%, −7.411%, −12.541%, −7.504%; P<0.05). According to ARIMA model projections, the incidence rates of AHA and AHB were expected to continue declining from 2022 to 2030, while the incidence rates of AHC and AHE were expected to rise. In 2030, the projected incidence rates of AHA, AHB, AHC, and AHE were 890.425/100000, 824.158/100000, 59.202/100000, and 300.377/100000, respectively. The mortality rates of AHA, AHC, and AHE were projected to remain stable from 2022 to 2030, while the mortality rate of AHB was expected to decline. In 2030, the projected mortality rates of AHA, AHB, AHC, and AHE were 0.002/100000, 0/100000, 0.004/100000, and 0.011/100000, respectively. Conclusions From 1990 to 2021, the overall incidence and mortality of acute viral hepatitis in China showed a downward trend. However, the incidence rates of AHC and AHE may present an upward trend in the future, which suggests that the government and relevant health authorities should adjust their prevention and control strategies in a timely manner.
ObjectiveTo construct a lentiviral vector carrying rat sirt1 gene and observe the expression of sirt1 in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) of rat. MethodsRat sirt1 cDNA was inserted into pLV5 vector. After identification by sequencing analysis and PCR, the recombinant sirt1expressinglentivirus vector was packaged by cotransfecting 293T cells with packaged plasmid.Then pLV5-sirt1 was used to infect the cultured Sprague-Dawley rat RGC cell in vitro.The expressions of sirt1 protein and mRNA in infected rat RGC were detected by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot. ResultsThe sirt1 expression vector pLV5 was successful constructed and sequence was proved to be correct. The expression of sirt1 protein and mRNA in RGC was significantly increased than that in cells infected with control lentiviruses(P < 0.05). ConclusionWe have successful constructed a sirt1 expression lentivirus vector pLV5-sirt1 and it can increase the expression of sirt1 protein and mRNA in the rat retinal ganglion cells.
【摘要】 目的 观察人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染后对人体各个系统的影响，为其诊断和治疗提供经验。 方法 回顾性分析2005年1月—2010年6月于华西医院确诊为HIV感染13例患者的临床表现和相关实验室指标。 结果 13例HIV感染患者均合并其他感染，以结核病最为常见；除有T淋巴细胞异常外，多数患者可合并出现血液学异常，包括贫血、白细胞和血小板降低；生化异常，包括球蛋白升高、白蛋白降低；HIV感染患者可合并出现风湿病症状和免疫学异常。 结论 HIV感染患者临床表现复杂多样，可合并出现多种感染和风湿病症状，血液学及免疫学异常也比较常见。【Abstract】 Objective To observe the impact of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on each system of human body after its infection, in order to provide experiences for diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Methods The clinical manifestations and related laboratory results of 13 inpatients treated in West China Hospital of Sichuan University from January 2005 to June 2010 were reviewed retrospectively. Results The incidence of infection in these patients was 100% with tuberculosis as the most common infection. Apart from the abnormality of T lymphocytes, most patients had a change of hematology and biochemistry, including anemia, depression of leucocytes and platelets, hyperglobulinemia and hypoproteinemia; HIV-infected patients may also presented with rheumatic manifestations or abnormality in the immune system. Conclusion The clinical manifestations of patients with AIDS are complicated. Many kinds of infections and rheumatic manifestations may merge and the change in hematology and immunology is common.
ObjectiveTo explore the expressions of nerve growth factor (NGF) and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in both asthmatic mice and respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)-infected mice,explore if there is a same neurogenic mechanism between ashtma and RSV infection,in order to find a new treatment target for asthma. MethodsOne hundred healthy Balb/c inbred mice were randomly divided into a control group,a RSV group,an asthma group,an asthma with RSV group,and a dexamethasone group. The lung tissue pathology was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining(HE). The quantitative analysis of NGF mRNA and LIF mRNA of lung tissue was detected by RT-PCR. The expression of NGF protein and LIF protein was detected by immunohistochemical method. ResultsUnder light mocroscope,there were alveolar septum widening,alveolar epithelium swelling,and interstitial edema in the RSV group. There were widen alveolar septum,narrowed bronchial lumen,thicken bronchial wall and a large number of inflammatory cells infiltration around the small blood vessels,alveolar and bronchioles both in the asthma group and the asthma with RSV group,with the latter being more serious. Compared with the RSV group,the inflammation was relieved significantly in the dexamethason group. There were mRNA and protein expressions of NGF and LIF in all groups, which were highest in the asthma with RSV group,then the RSV group and the asthma group,and lowest in the dexamethasone group. ConclusionsThe expressions of LIF and NGF in the lung of mice after RSV infection and futher increase when combined with asthma. Dexamethason can inhibit the expression of NGF and LIF to some extent.