目的：探讨妇科癌症患者疼痛的护理措施。方法：60例妇科癌症患者随机分为常规护理、特殊护理，观察疼痛治疗效果。结果：特殊护理患者疼痛缓解明显。结论：护理干预能改善患者疼痛。
目的：评价低分子肝素(Low molecular weight heparins，LMWH)皮下注射持续时间对注射后皮下出血和疼痛的影响。方法：纳入2003年～2004年3月于我院行LMWH皮下注射的住院患者52例，以肚脐两侧作为注射点，任选一侧行首次注射，12 h后于另一侧以相同剂量注射。脐右注射持续10秒(对照组)，脐左持续30秒(实验组)。于注射后48 h、72 h观察注射点有无皮下出血，并用透明纸质毫米尺测量出血面积，用视觉类比量表(Visual analog scale，VAS)测量疼痛强度，记录疼痛持续时间。采用卡方检验及配对t检验对两组皮下出血发生率及面积、疼痛强度及持续时间等指标进行对比分析。结果：实验组和对照组皮下出血的发生率分别为38.5%(n=20)和61.5%(n=32)(P=0.035)。注射后48h、72h，实验组的出血面积均显著低于对照组(48h：17.5±7.3 mm2 VS 101.2±15.0 mm2，P=0.008；72h：20.7±8.0 mm2 VS 110.4±13.5 mm2，P=0.016)。实验组的注射后疼痛积分为13.0±6.4 mm，对照组为21.5±7.0 mm(P=0.021)。实验组疼痛持续时间显著低于对照组(42.5±14.2 s比73.2±20.0 s，P=0.030)。结论：肝素皮下注射持续时间能显著影响注射后皮下出血和疼痛形成，注射时间持续至30秒能有效降低皮下出血发生率及面积，并显著减轻疼痛强度、缩短疼痛时间。
目的 了解住院患者疼痛控制结局的现状及对疼痛控制的满意度，为疼痛管理提供依据。 方法 2012年5月运用便利抽样法选取206例住院患者为研究对象，采用调查问卷的方式了解患者疼痛管理现状和满意度。调查工具为自行设计的患者基本信息调查表、美国疼痛协会结局问卷修订量表。 结果 调查对象当前、过去24 h内最剧烈的疼痛程度及疼痛平均水平以轻度为主，分别占43.2%、42.2%、40.3%；疼痛对一般活动、情绪和其他康复活动的影响程度以中度为主，分别占52.4%、58.3%、53.4%；对疼痛处理结果的满意度以一般为主，占40.8%；78.6%的患者在入院时未被告知疼痛治疗的重要性；66.5%～84.5%的患者对疼痛和止痛药的认知均较差。 结论 二级医院住院患者的疼痛程度较轻，其对生活影响程度尚不严重，但患者对疼痛控制的满意度欠佳，对疼痛相关知识的认知也较差，急需医护人员采取相应的措施提高疼痛控制的效果和质量，从而提高患者在住院期间的满意度。
ObjectiveTo follow-up pain after discharged in patients with liver resection and provide a reference to carry out the continued pain treatment outside the hospital. MethodsPost-discharged pain follow-up in patients with liver resection in our department from December 1, 2014 to April 30, 2015 were conducted, and the pain incidence, characteristics and level on 14 days, 1 month, 2 months, and 3 months after operation were understanded. Results①The pain score of patients on 14 days after operation was 0-3 points, which was mild pain. In 2 months after operation, 24 patients still had pain, the incidence was 20.69% (24/116). In 3 months after operation, the pain incidence was 18.97% (22/116).②There was no significant difference in the pain incidence between men and women in 2 months after operation (P > 0.05). In 3 months after operation, the pain incidence of male and female patients was 13.04% (9/69) and 27.66% (13/47), respectively, the pain incidence of female was significantly higher than men (P < 0.05).③The postoperative pain score and incidence in patients more than 60 years old were lower than that in patients less than 60 years old, but the score and the incidence of postoperative pain in patients with different ages were not statistically significant (P > 0.05).④In chronic pain patients, 81.82% (18/22) were visceral pain, 18.182% (4/22) were skin tingling or numbness. ConclusionWe should focus on the continued pain treatment outside the hospital in patients with hepatic resection, make efforts to alleviate pain, and improve the postoperative quality of life.
Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) is a general term for a group of diseases. Clinically, it often presents as pain in the temporomandibular joint and surrounding muscles and soft tissues, often involving the temporomandibular joint, chewing muscles, and anterior joint area. There are also abnormalities in jaw movement, function, joint sounds, crushing sounds, and murmurs. This article provides a review of the epidemiology, etiology, clinical characteristics, auxiliary examinations, rehabilitation assessment, and rehabilitation treatment of TMD, in order to improve understanding of TMD rehabilitation assessment and provide reference for clinical rehabilitation treatment of TMD.
ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of PDCA circulation management on pain, psychology and prognosis of patients with thoracic aortic aneurysm in the perioperative period.Methods The clinical data of seventy-six patients with thoracic aortic aneurysm who received perioperative nursing based on PDCA circulation management from April 2016 to March 2017 were retrospective analyzed and these patients were selected as the study group, including 44 males, 32 females, aged 23–65 (47.27±5.87) years. At the same time, 72 patients with thoracic aortic aneurysm who received routine perioperative nursing from April 2015 to March 2016 were selected as the control group, including 41 males, 31 females, aged 24–67 (48.30±5.26) years. The nursing effects of the two groups were compared and analyzed.ResultsThe operation time (t=11.342, P<0.05) and hospitalization time (t=5.986, P<0.05) of the study group were significantly shorter than those of the control group. The visual analogue scale (VAS) scores of the two groups had no significant difference before nursing (t=0.914, P=0.361), but the VAS scores in the study group after nursing were obviously lower than those in the control group (t=5.475, P<0.05). The self-rating depression scale (SDS, t=1.026, P=0.307) and self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) scores (t=7.866, P<0.05) of the two groups had no significant difference before nursing, while the SDS (t=7.657, P<0.05) and SAS (t=7.866, P<0.05) scores in the study group after nursing were obviously lower than those in the control group. The incidence of adverse reactions in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group (χ2=4.292, P=0.038).ConclusionPDCA circulation management used in patients with thoracic aortic aneurysm in the perioperative period can effectively relieve patients' pain, depression and anxiety, reduce the incidence of adverse reactions, and the prognosis is good.