目的 比较腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）与小切口胆囊切除术（MC）在老年患者中的临床效果，以指导临床选择应用。 方法 回顾性分析笔者所在医院2010年7月至2013年7月期间行LC（LC组，n=109）及MC（MC组，n=111）的老年患者的临床资料，比较2组术中和术后相关指标的差异。 结果 LC组和MC组患者的手术时间〔（45.72±6.14）min比（40.67±6.02）min〕、术中出血量〔（10.18±3.31）mL比（11.13±2.93）mL〕、住院时间〔（9±5）d比（10±5）d〕及总并发症发生率〔28.4%（31/109）比31.5%（35/111）〕比较差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；但LC组患者的术后疼痛程度轻、胃肠道功能恢复时间短〔（46.3±10.5）h比（71.4±9.8）h〕、住院费用较高〔（8 010±450）元比（4 800±680）元〕、切口感染发生率较低〔0（0）比15.3%（17/111）〕、肺部感染发生率较高〔17.4%（19/109）比9.9%（11/111）〕，P＜0.05。 结论 LC对老年胆囊结石或胆囊炎患者具有更好的临床效果；但对心肺功能异常者，尤其是不能耐受全麻和气腹的患者选择MC更为合适，所以临床上应视患者具体情况加以选择。
ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects and safety of edaravone combined with shuxuening for cerebral infarction. MethodsThe Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase, CBM, CNKI and VIP databases were searched from their establishments up to March 31, 2013. We used the method recommended by the Cochrane collaboration to perform a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trails (RCTs) with RevMan 5.0 software. ResultsSeventeen studies were included. The results of Meta-analysis demonstrated that edaravone combined with shuxuening were more efficient in reducing the score of neural function deficient scale and higher in the total effective rate (P<0.05), while there was no difference in the incidence of adverse reactions (P>0.05). ConclusionThe study suggests that edaravone combined with shuxuening is effective for cerebral infarction, but it also needs further studies to provide more sufficient evidence.
Tuberculosis remains a major public health problem. Genetic epidemiological studies have shown that the differences in host genes partly determine the susceptibility to tuberculosis. The occurrence of tuberculosis is the result of the joint action of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and host gene regulation immune response. The study of susceptibility candidate genes has differences in race, population and region, and the study of susceptibility gene polymorphism still has a long way to go in clinical precision diagnosis and treatment. The study and clinical application of mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease can be used as a classic application of precision medical treatment in tuberculosis; although it is a rare case, this model is worthy of reference.
Silicone oil is widely used in intraocular filling of fundus disease after vitrectomy, which improves retinal reattachment rate andpostoperative visual function of patients. With the era of minimally invasive vitreous surgery coming, the utilization rate of silicone oil filling is decreasing, however, it still plays an indispensable role in the surgical treatment of complex fundus diseases. In the process of using silicone oil, the indications should be strictly selected, and the potential risks should be fully considered and possibly avoided. The study of vitreous substitutes with certain physiological functions is currently a research hotspot in the field of fundus diseases.
Limitation of donor source for allograft makes the research on xenograft progress. Pig is regarded as one of the ideal donor animals. The major obstacle in xenograft is hyperacute rejection, which is caused by complements after they are activated by xenogeneic antigens combined with natural antibodies. It has been confirmed that alpha-Gal is the major target antigen, whose expression is incharged by alpha-1,3 galactosyltransferase (alpha-GT). The approaches to overcome hyperacute rejection against alpha-Gal included: immunoadsorption of xenogeneic natural antibodies, lysis of antigen by enzyme and genetic manupilation to obtain animal lack of alpha-GT. Besides alpha-Gal, there were other antigens binding to human serum antibody, such as gp65 and gp100, which was expressed on PAEC after induced by TNF, the A-like antigen. But their function was still unknown. It was debatable on the role of MHC in xenograft. Both direct and indirect pathway were involved in cellular response in xenograft.
Objective To explore short-term effectiveness of floating island laminectomy surgery in treating thoracic spinal stenosis and myelopathy caused by ossification of the ligamentum flavum. Methods A total of 31 patients with thoracic spinal stenosis and myelopathy caused by ossification of the ligamentum flavum between January 2019 and April 2022 were managed with floating island laminectomy surgery. The patients comprised 17 males and 14 females, aged between 36 and 78 years, with an average of 55.9 years. The duration of symptoms of spinal cord compression ranged from 3 to 62 months (mean, 27.2 months). The lesions affected T1-6 in 4 cases and T7-12 in 27 cases. The preoperative neurological function score from the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) was 4.7±0.6. Surgical duration, intraoperative blood loss, and complications were recorded. The thoracic MRI was conducted to reassess the degree of spinal cord compression and decompression after operation. The mJOA score was employed to evaluate the neurological function and calculate the recovery rate at 12 months after operation. Results The surgical duration ranged from 122 to 325 minutes, with an average of 204.5 minutes. The intraoperative blood loss ranged from 150 to 800 mL (mean, 404.8 mL). All incisions healed by first intention after operation. All patients were followed up 12-14 months, with an average of 12.5 months. The patients’ symptoms, including lower limb weakness, gait disorders, and pain, significantly improved. The mJOA scores after operation significantly increased when compared with preoperative scores (P<0.05), gradually improving with time, with significant differences observed among 1, 3, and 6 months (P<0.05). The recovery rate at 12 months was 69.76%±11.38%, with 10 cases exhibiting excellent neurological function and 21 cases showing good. During the procedure, there were 3 cases of dural tear and 1 case of dural defect. Postoperatively, there were 2 cases of cerebrospinal fluid leakage. No aggravated nerve damage, recurrence of ligamentum flavum ossification, or postoperative thoracic deformity occurred. ConclusionThe floating island laminectomy surgery is safe for treating thoracic spinal stenosis and myelopathy caused by ossification of the ligamentum flavum, effectively preventing the exacerbation of neurological symptoms. Early improvement and recovery of neurological function are achieved.
Objective To observe the clinical and pathological characteristics of choroidal metastatic carcinoma from lung carcinoma.Methods The clinical and pathological data of 6 patients with choroidal metastatic carcinoma from lung carcinima were analysed retrospectively.Results All the 6 patients had severe visual impairment, including 3 with severe ophthalmalgia. Flat neoplasm were seen in the posterior pole of the eyes in all the 6 patients and retinal detachment were found in 5 patients. Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) examination had been performed on 1 patient and blocked fluorescence and hyperfluorescence were seen in the lesion with pinpoint fluorescein leakage loop around it. CT examination had been performed on 3 patients and the shadow of flat homogenous tumor was seen. MRI examination had been performed on 1 patient and high signal intensit ies on T1W and low signal intensities on T2W were found. In all the 6 patients with primary lung carcinoma, 5 were diagnosed with adenocarcinoma and 1 with cellule carcinoma through pathological examination, and 5 patients were diagnosed with choroidal metastatic carcinoma from adenocarcinoma and 1 with choroidal metastatic carcinoma from cellule carcinoma through pathological examination.Conclusion Rapid visual acuity decrease, severe ophthalmalgia, flat neoplasm in ocular fundus and secondary retinal detachment are the main clinical characteristics of the choroidal metastatic carcinoma from lung carcinoma. Most histopathologica l manifestations of the metastatic carcinoma like that of the primary focus, and adenocarninoma is the most common histoclassification. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2003，19：333-404)