Search

Application of prone position in the treatment of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by pulmonary contusion

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical significance of prone position in the treatment of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by pulmonary contusion.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on pulmonary contusion patients in the Intensive Care Medicine (ICU) from January 2017 to April 2021. The patients were divided into a prone position group (n=121) and a control group (n=117) after screening. The patients' basic conditions, occurrence of ARDS (P/F<150 mm Hg), changes in vital signs, laboratory examinations, lung compliance and other changes after treatment, mechanical ventilation time, staying in ICU, complications, and mortality were recorded and conpared between the two groups.ResultsWhen ARDS [oxygenation index (P/F)<150 mm Hg] occurred, compared with 1 day later, the P/F [(125.7±15.3) vs. (209.5±22.4) mm Hg , P<0.05] and lung compliance [(64.6±4.8) vs. (76.0±5.4) mL/cm H2O, P<0.05] increased in the prone position group. Compare with the control group after 1 day of treatment ARDS (P/F<150 mm Hg), P/F [(209.5±22.4) vs. (126.1±19.5) mm Hg, P<0.05] and lung compliance [(76.0±5.4) vs. (63.5±5.5) mL/cm H2O, P<0.05] increased in the prone position group (P<0.05). Compare with the control group, the prone position group had shortened mechanical ventilation time and ICU stay time, less atelectasis, lower mortality (P<0.05), lower occurrence of pneumothorax (P>0.05).ConclusionProne position treatment for patients with pulmonary contusion after ARDS (P/F<150 mm Hg) can correct hypoxemia faster, improve lung compliance, reduce atelectasis, shorten mechanical ventilation time and stay time of ICU, and reduce mortality, hence it has clinical value.

手术内固定治疗创伤性连枷胸对患者呼吸功能的影响

目的观察连枷胸患者胸壁加压包扎、肋骨牵引和手术内固定的治疗效果。 方法纳入2001年1月至2010年6月解放军第一医院心胸外科收治的56例连枷胸患者，分为3组：牵引治疗组，14例，其中男10例、女4例，年龄（39.7±11.6）岁；包扎治疗组，12例，其中男11例、女1例，年龄（40.2±13.2）岁；手术内固定组，30例，其中男26例、女4例，年龄（42.6±12.5）岁。比较3组的治疗效果。 结果手术内固定组与牵引治疗组和包扎治疗组比较，除需呼吸机支持率与牵引治疗组差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）外，呼吸机通气时间、住ICU时间、胸腔引流管拔除时间均缩短（P<0.05），胸部并发症发生率及死亡率降低（P<0.05），动脉血氧分压（PaO2）、动脉血氧饱和度（SaO2）显著升高（P<0.01），肺挫伤评分下降明显；而牵引治疗组PaO2、SaO2及肺挫伤评分较入院时改善缓慢，胸壁加压包扎治疗组甚至有加重趋势。 结论大面积浮动胸壁的病理改变以胸腔容积减少为基础，胸壁加压包扎无治疗效果，甚至加重低氧；肋骨巾钳悬吊牵引固定对连枷胸缺氧内环境的改善效果不佳；手术切开复位内固定是改善大面积浮动胸壁呼吸功能障碍的有效方法。

RETINAL DETACHMENT AND CHANGES OF ANTERIOR CHAMBER ANGLE INDUCED BY CONTUSIONAL OCULAR INJURIES

Tweenty-seven cases (27 eyes) of retinal detachment and change of anterior chamber angle induced by contusional eye injuried were reported ,in which there were 23 eyes with obviously visible recession of the chamber angle, and 10 eyes with adherent lesions in the chamber angle, The position of retinal holes and detachment of retina as well as changes of anterior chamber angle in majority of cases located at the sites of trauma or the quadr ants opposite to them. The proportions of retinal detachment due to dialysis of ora sen'am or round retinal holes were found to be high in this series of cases,and the round holes were found in injured eyes with relatively long courses of ocalar trauma. Owing to the close interrelationship between rbegmatogenous retinal detachment and the anterior chamber angle lesions after the eontusional ocular injuries,it was suggested that the chamber angle changes might be used as one of the important referential indicators in diagnosis of traumatic retinal detachment induced by blunt ocular injuries. （Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1993,9:74-76）

Schwartz-Matsuo综合征房水电子显微镜检查一例

Clinical analysis of thoracic exploration of chest trauma

目的 探讨胸外伤开胸探查的手术指征及救治策略。 方法 回顾性分析我院自 2006 年 1 月至 2014 年 12 月经开胸探查救治 51 例胸外伤患者的临床资料，其中男 43 例、女 8 例，年龄 24（17～75）岁。 结果 全组损伤严重度评分（ISS）平均 19.4 分。闭合性损伤 16 例，开放性损伤 35 例，治愈 45 例（88.24%），死亡 6 例（11.76%）。死亡原因为心脏破裂、失血性休克、感染性休克、多器官功能障碍综合征（MODS）、弥散性血管内凝血（DIC）。 结论 及时就医、快速诊断、准确把握手术指征、多科室联合诊治是救治胸外伤的关键。

胸骨粉碎性骨折压迫右心室流出道一例

Research Progress of Flail Chest with Pulmonary Contusion

Pulmonary contusion is frequent and a serious injury in the chest trauma patients in emergency department. And it is easy to induce acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and respiratory failure. Since the development of modern technology and transportation, flail chest with pulmonary contusion happens more frequently than the past. And its complications and mortality are higher. In order to understand it better and improve the effect of the therapy on flail chest with pulmonary contusion, we reviewed the relative literatures. In this article, the main contents are as followed:① The pathophysiological changes of pulmonary contusion; ② The pathophysiological changes of flail chest with pulmonary contusion; ③ Clinical manifestation of flail chest with pulmonary contusion; ④ Imaging change of flail chest with pulmonary contusion; ⑤ progress in diagnosis and treatment.

胸部钝挫伤所致三尖瓣重度反流一例

肺挫伤475例的临床诊断与治疗

目的探讨肺挫伤的诊断和治疗方法，提高肺挫伤的治疗效果。方法回顾性分析 2006年 1月至 2011年 1月解放军第 161中心医院收治的 475例肺挫伤患者的临床资料，其中男 273例，女 202例；年龄（41.20±16.00）岁。经胸部 X线、CT检查确诊为肺挫伤。入院后紧急处理危及生命的伤情，保持呼吸道通畅，抗休克治疗，及时处理合并伤，控制活动性出血；注意控制输液量，尤其是限制晶体液的摄入量，其中采用限制性液体复苏 142例。行肋骨骨折内固定术 95例。机械通气 86例，给予潮气量 6～ 8 ml/kg，呼气末正压（ PEEP）3～ 11 cm H2O。结果 82例患者同期行胸部 X线及 CT检查，其中胸部 X线诊断肺挫伤 72例（87.80%），CT确诊肺挫伤 82例（100.00%），两种方法诊断准确率差异有统计学意义（ P＜ 0.05）。148例患者进行了治疗前和治疗 7 d后的血气分析检查，治疗后动脉血氧分压（ PaO2）、动脉血二氧化碳分压（ PaCO2）、动脉血氧饱和度（ SaO2）及氧合指数（ PaO2/FiO2）均较治疗前明显改善（ P＜ 0.01）。全组治愈 439例（92.42%），死亡 36例（7.58%）。死于创伤性失血性休克 6例，重型颅脑损伤 11例，急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ ARDS）14例，多器官功能不全综合征（MODS）5例。结论肺挫伤的诊断首选胸部 CT检查。严重合并伤和并发症是肺挫伤的主要死亡原因。积极救治合并伤，合理的胸壁固定，限制性液体复苏及保护性机械通气是提高肺挫伤疗效的重要途径。

Retinal detachment due to ocular contusion

Objective To find out about the characteristics and prognosis of retinal detachment due to ocular contusion.Methods The clinical data of 36 patients(36 eyes)with retinal detachment due to ocular contusion were retrospectively analyzed.Results There were 3 eyes(8．3％)with huge retinal hole(≥90°)，4 eyes(11．1％)oral tear of ora serrata retinae，4 eyes(11．1％)with macular hole，3 eyes(8.3％)with tractive retinal detachment，and 22 eyes(61．2％)with retinal hole(lt;90°)at other positions(including temporal peripheral hole in 9，nasal peripheral hole in 5，and posterior polar hole in 8).Proliferative vitreoretinopathy(PVR)was found in a11 patients withConclusions Retinal detachment due to ocular contusion often go with PVR．The interval from contusion to retinal detachment varies from days to months.Visual prognosis can be good when retinal detachment is diagnosed and treated in time． (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2004，20：1-66)