Objective To analyze the trends and influencing factors of rheumatoid arthritis disease burden in mainland China from 1990 to 2021 and predict its disease burden over the next 15 years. MethodsData on RA incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in mainland China were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021). Joinpoint regression was used to analyze temporal trends, while an age-period-cohort model assessed age, period, and birth cohort effects. Decomposition analysis explored the contributions of population aging, population growth, and epidemiological changes. An ARIMA model was applied to predict future disease burden. ResultsFrom 1990 to 2021, the number of RA cases in mainland China increased by 93.5% (incidence), 133% (prevalence), 115% (deaths), and 107% (DALYs), though age-standardized rates showed smaller changes. The disease burden was significantly higher in women than in men, with sex-specific peaks in onset and prevalence. Joinpoint regression revealed rising age-standardized incidence and prevalence rates (AAPC=0.54% and 0.51%, respectively) but declining mortality (AAPC=−0.78%). Cohort effects indicated higher RA risk in later-born populations (RR=1.53 for the 2012 cohort). Decomposition analysis identified population growth as the primary driver of increased burden. Projections suggested that by 2036, the age-standardized incidence and prevalence would rise to 13.92/100 000 and 248.84/100 000, respectively, while DALYs rates might decline to 42.09/100 000. ConclusionThe RA disease burden in mainland China is driven by both population aging and epidemiological factors, with notable sex disparities and cohort effects. Targeted interventions for high-risk populations, optimized healthcare resource allocation, and further research on influencing factors are needed to develop precise prevention and control strategies.
ObjectivesTo systematically review the prevalence of asthma in adults (>14 years old) in China.MethodsPubMed, Web of Science, CENTRAL, CINAHL, WanFang Data, CBM, CNKI, and VIP databases were electronically searched to collect cross-sectional studies on the prevalence of asthma in Chinese adults from January 2000 to December 2019. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies, then, meta-analysis was performed by using Stata 15.0 software.ResultsA total of 67 cross-sectional studies, involving 1 381 673 subjects and 19 871 adult asthma patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the prevalence rate of asthma in adults in China was 1.81% (95%CI 1.59% to 2.01%). The subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence rates of asthma in males and females were 1.87% and 1.76%, respectively. The prevalence rates were 2.16% in the northeast region, 1.34% in the central region, 1.63% in the eastern region and 2.23% in the western region. The prevalence rates were 0.73%, 1.53%, and 2.81% in 15-40 years old, 41-60 years old, and >60 years old, respectively. The prevalence rates were 3.07% in illiteracy population, 1.69% in primary school population, 1.46% in junior middle school population, 1.01% in senior high school population and 0.98% in college and above population. The prevalence rates were 2.23%, 2.10%, 1.17%, 1.45%, 1.09%, and 1.41% in agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry personnel, workers, public officials, business and service personnel, military personnel, and other occupations, respectively. The prevalence rates were 1.41% and 1.59% in Han and other ethnic populations, respectively. The prevalence rates were 2.03% in cities and 1.99% in rural areas. And the prevalence rates were 1.22% in 2000 to 2005, 2.07% in 2006 to 2010, 2.25% in 2011 to 2015, and 2.62% in 2016 to 2019.ConclusionsThe prevalence rate of asthma in Chinese adults is higher, which is different due to the influence of age, sex, region, education, and occupation.
ObjectiveIn order to improve the prevention and treatment of bronchial asthma, the prevalence and risk factors of asthma in Chengdu among residents over 14 years old were investigated.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted in Chengdu. The inhabitants (age > 14 years) recruited in this household questionnaire survey were through multi-stage cluster random sampling. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the risk factors of asthma.ResultsA total of 3 477 subjects were finally recruited in this study. Of them, 131 were asthmatic patients; and the prevalence rate was 3.8%. There were significant differences observed in the prevalence of asthma among people of different ages, residences, occupations and educational levels (χ2=191.084, P<0.05; χ2=9.114, P<0.05; χ2=114.268, P<0.05; χ2=62.123, P<0.05). Univariate regression analysis showed that the risk factors of asthma included five factors (measles, chickenpox, pneumonia, tracheobronchitis and intestinal parasitic diseases) related to childhood illness, and two factors (asthma and chronic bronchitis) related to the first-degree relatives (P<0.05). In addition, active smoking history was a risk factor for asthma in men (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression indicated that measles, pneumonia, tracheobronchitis, intestinal parasitic diseases in childhood and first-degree relatives suffering from asthma were independent risk factors for asthma.ConclusionsThis study describes the epidemiological characteristics of asthma in Chengdu among adolescents (age>14 years) and adults. The history of measles, pneumonia, tracheobronchitis, and intestinal parasitic diseases in childhood, and first-degree relatives suffering from asthma are the independent risk factors for asthma. In addition, active smoking history is a risk factor for asthma in men.
Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of degenerative disc disease (DDD) in pilots. Methods From January 2021 to May 2022, pilots were surveyed using a whole group sampling method and relevant imaging data were collected. The contents of the survey included basic information, DDD-related information, flight-related information, and personal habits. The prevalence of DDD was calculated, and univariate χ2 test, t-test, and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed for the diseased and healthy groups to screen the risk factors of DDD. Results A total of 170 copies of questionnaire were sent out and 162 valid copies were returned. The prevalence of DDD was 47.5% (77/162), including 27.8% (45/162) for cervical spondylosis, 29.6% (48/162) for lumbar disc herniation, and 3.1% (5/162) for degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis. The results of univariate analysis showed that body mass index (t=2.594, P=0.010), driving age (t=2.160, P=0.032), maximum load in flight (t=2.953, P=0.004), mean load in flight (t=2.575, P=0.011), insomnia (χ2=4.756, P=0.029) and smoking (χ2=7.977, P=0.005) were significantly different between the diseased group and the healthy group. Multivariate logistic regression showed that driving age [odds ratio (OR)=1.077, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.025, 1.132), P=0.004], maximum load in flight [OR=1.279, 95%CI (1.109, 1.475), P=0.001], helmet weight [OR=1.516, 95%CI (1.056, 2.175), P=0.024], insomnia [OR=2.235, 95%CI (1.114, 4.483), P=0.024], and smoking [OR=2.527, 95%CI (1.255, 5.087), P=0.009] were risk factors for DDD. Conclusions The prevalence of DDD is high in pilots. High driving age, high maximum load in flight, high helmet weight, insomnia, and smoking may be independent risk factors for DDD.
目的 研究成都地区中老年人群体质量指数（BMI）及腹型肥胖对糖尿病患病率及空腹血糖水平的影响。 方法 2007年5月，采用随机抽样方法抽取50～80岁中老年人685人进行心血管危险因素调查，其男394人，女291人，年龄（63.3 ± 0.2）岁。 结果 成都地区中老年人群的超重和肥胖所占的比例较大（约44.3%），按BMI分组（BMI＜24 kg/m2；24 kg/ m2≤BMI＜28 kg/ m2；BMI≥28 kg/m2）的糖尿病患病率分别为14.0%、18.7%及23.3%，组间差异有统计学意义（P=0.031）。男女分别按腹型肥胖标准分组（男性切点=85 cm，女性切点=80 cm），男性糖尿病患病率在非腹型肥胖及腹型肥胖组分别为17.9%及18.7%组间差异无统计学意义（P=0.849），女性糖尿病患病率分别为9.7%及18.4%，组间差异有统计学意义（P=0.034）。整个人群中，空腹血糖无随BMI增加而升高的趋势（P=0.071）；女性人群中，空腹血糖随腰围的增加而升高（P=0.001）；而在男性人群中无此趋势。在调整相关指标后，logistic回归分析提示BMI对糖尿病患病率独立影响，以BMI正常为参照，超重及肥胖的OR值分别为：1.412 [95%CI （0.818，2.437），P=0.215]及2.200 [95%CI（1.034，5.178），P=0.046]。在调整相关指标后，腹型肥胖在女性人群中对糖尿病患病率独立影响，以非腹型肥胖为参考，腹型肥胖的OR值为：1.394 [95%CI（1.080，3.205），P=0.041]，而在男性人群中无此关系。 结论 成都地区中老年人群超重及肥胖所占的比重较大，BMI可影响糖尿病患病率及空腹血糖水平；腹型肥胖能够影响女性人群糖尿病患病率及空腹血糖水平，但在男性人群中无此关系。
ObjectiveTo explore the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in island of China. MethodsLiteratures regarding the prevalence and treatment of hypertension in island of China were retrieved in PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library (Issue 12, 2013), CNKI, WanFang Data and CBM from January 2000 to December 2012. Two reviewers independently screened literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and extracted data. Then the pooled rates were conducted by Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software using inverse variance method. ResultsNine studies involving 926 836 samples were included. The results of meta-analysis showed the pooled rates of prevalence, awareness, treatment and control were 32.0% (95%CI 18.8% to 48.8%), 47.4% (95%CI 29.7% to 65.8%), 38.0% (95%CI 23.1% to 55.5%) and 10.0% (95%CI 4.3% to 21.7%), respectively. Whether in 60 or 65 as the threshold value, the prevalence of hypertension in old people was higher than that in young people. ConclusionThe prevalence of hypertension is about 32% and much higher in island regions of China, while the awareness, treatment and control rates are so lower in these regions. The relevant public health policy should pay more attention to improve primary health care in these regions.
ObjectiveTo investigate and analysis the data of patients with hepatic echinococcosis in Ganzi County in 2018, and to understand the epidemiological characteristics of hepatic echinococcosis in Ganzi County, Sichuan Province.MethodsA total of 811 patients were enrolled. The basic information of sex, age, weight, occupation, nation, educational level, family address and so on were recorded. The location, number, classification, transverse diameter and longitudinal diameter of hepatic echinococcosis masses were recorded by abdominal color Doppler ultrasonography.ResultsIn 2018, 811 new cases of hepatic echinococcosis were reported in Ganzi County, with a prevalence rate of 4.6% (811/17 650), and 17.81% (572/3 212) in the Datongma area. Patients ranged in age from 6 to 92, the average age was (44.8±16.6) years old. The majority of patients were Tibetans (98.5%), herdsmen (71.8%) and illiterates (83.5%). The most common lesions were in right liver (84.2%) and single (91.4%).ConclusionsThere is serious transmission of hepatic echinococcosis in Ganzi County, especially in pure pastoral areas, and HAE is more prevalent than HCE. Most of the infected people are Tibetan herdsmen with illiterate educational background and more females than males. The peak incidence of hepatic echinococcosis is 30-55 years old. Close monitoring should be carried out for these people.
Objective To study the prevalence of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) in a community-based lung cancer screening program in Shanghai. Methods From June 2018 to July 2019, eligible participants who were assessed through a high-risk lung cancer questionnaire in Xuhui, Shanghai underwent low-dose computed tomography of the lungs. The suspected CPFE patients were invited to provide medical history and blood for analysis, and received high-resolution CT (HRCT) scanning for confirmation. Results Of the 15 cases of suspected CPFE from a total of 4478 participants in which 1704 males and 2774 females, 4 declined further examination and 11 received further examine. Eight subjects were confirmed as CPFE, and all were male, of whom two were ex-smokers and six were active smokers. These CPFE patients had cough, chest tightness and dyspnea. There were 3 cases of centrilobular emphysema, 2 cases of paraseptal emphysema, 1 case of panlobular emphysema and 2 cases of mixed emphysema. There were 2 cases of usual interstitial pneumonia, 3 cases of non-specific interstitial pneumonia, 2 cases of airspace enlargement with fibrosis and 1 case of unclassifiable smoking-related interstitial fibrosis. The KBILD scores were 61.7±7.5 and mMRC scores were 1.5±0.8. Serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 concentration was (380.75±212.05)U/mL. Lung function test showed normal or mild restrictive ventilatory function, and mild-moderate impairment in diffusion capacity. Conclusions The prevalence of CPFE is 1.79‰ in a community-based lung cancer screening population, and is 4.69‰ in male lung cancer screening population.
Objective To estimate the incidence of post-myocardial infarction depression among Chinese acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients by meta-analysis and to provide references for the management of AMI patients. Methods We searched databases including PubMed, The Cochrane Library (Issue 6, 2016), CNKI, CBM, WanFang Data and VIP from January 2000 to July 2016, to collect literature regarding the incidence of post-myocardial infarction depression among patients with AMI. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and evaluated the methodological quality of the included studies. Then meta-analysis was performed by using Comprehensive Meta Analysis (CMA) 2.0 software. Results Totally, 22 cross-sectional studies were included, involving 2 986 AMI patients, of which1 239 were post-myocardial infarction depression patients. The overall incidence of post-myocardial infarction depression among the AMI patients was 42.7% (95%CI 36.3% to 49.4%). There was no statistical differences observed when the studies were stratified by sex, regions, scales and years (allP values>0.05). Conclusion In China, the incidence of post-myocardial infarction depression is high and rising year by year roughly among AMI patients. The status should be paid more attention.