This article presents the design of a motion control system for seated lower-limb rehabilitation training. The system is composed of lower limb exoskeleton, motor drive circuit, program of motion control, and so forth. The power of lower limbs joints is provided by six motors. The PCI-1240 motion control card is used as the core. This study achieved repetitive rotation training and gait trajectory training of lower limbs joints, of which the velocity, angle and time can be accurately controlled and adjusted. The experimental results showed that the motion control system can meet the requirement of repetitive rehabilitation training for patients with lower limb dysfunction. This article provides a new method to the research of motion control system in rehabilitation training, which can promote industrial automation technique to be used for health care, and conducive to the further study of the rehabilitation robot.
ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the effectiveness of acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training compared with simple rehabilitation training or acupuncture treatment of dysphagia after stroke, and make clear whether the effect of acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training is better than simple rehabilitation training or acupuncture treatment.MethodsSix databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, Chongqing VIP, PubMed, Cochrance Library, and Embase were searched by computer for the randomized controlled trials on acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training treatment of post-stroke dysphagia, which were published from January 1st, 2010 to December 31st, 2018. After literature including, excluding, and screening, RevMan 5.3 software was used to conduct a meta-analysis.ResultsA total of 22 studies were included, including 1 987 patients. All the included studies took simple rehabilitation training or rehabilitation training combined with sham acupuncture as the control. Meta-analysis of efficiency and outcome measures for relevant studies showed that: compared with simple rehabilitation training, the effectiveness of acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training on post-stroke dysphagia was higher [17 studies included; odds ratio=3.66, 95% confidence interval (CI) (2.66, 5.05), P<0.000 01], the video fluoroscopy swallowing study score of acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training after treatment was higher [8 studies included; mean difference (MD)=2.31, 95%CI (1.75, 2.87), P<0.000 01], and the StandardizedSwallowing Assessment score of acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training after treatment was lower [6 studies included; MD=−3.20, 95%CI (−3.78, −2.61), P<0.000 01]; at the same time the Watian Drinking Water Test score of acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training after treatment was lower [6 studies included; MD=−0.65, 95%CI (−0.91, −0.39), P<0.000 01].ConclusionsAcupuncture combined with rehabilitation training is effective in dysphagia after stroke, and the combined effect is better than simple rehabilitation training. However, due to the limitations of quality of included literature and sample size, the above results and conclusions still require high quality and large sample studies to testify.
ObjectiveTo explore the effect of rehabilitation training focusing on early exercise on the time of first getting out of bed after surgery, pain during early activities, postoperative infection rate and the length of hospital stay for renal transplant recipients.MethodsThe clinical data of patients undergoing allogeneic renal transplantation in West China Hospital of Sichuan University from June to August 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. According to the time of multidisciplinary postoperative management and the time of early rehabilitation intervention, the patients were divided into the conventional group (from June 2020 to the beginning of multidisciplinary postoperative management) and the rehabilitation group (after multidisciplinary postoperative management). The time to get out of bed for the first time after surgery, the Visual Analogue Score (VAS) during weight monitoring on the second day post operation, the number of days required to complete an independent walk of 100 meters, postoperative complications, the incidence of postoperative infection and the length of hospital stay were compared between the two groups.ResultsA total of 79 patients were included. There were 46 cases in the conventional group and 33 cases in the rehabilitation group. Among the included patients, 14 patients had postoperative infection, 1 patients in the conventional group developed thrombosis, no catheter shedding or bleeding after exercise occurred. The differences between the rehabilitation group and the conventional group in the time to get out of bed for the first time after surgery [(1.1±0.2) vs. (2.2±0.4) d; t=13.224, P<0.001], the VAS during weight monitoring on the day post operation (2.5±0.9 vs. 3.4±1.4; t=3.267, P<0.001), the number of days required to complete an independent walk of 100 meters [(2.2±0.4) vs. (4.0±0.8) d; t=11.312, P<0.001], and the incidence of postoperative infection (6.1% vs. 26.1%; χ2=5.285, P=0.022) were statistically significant. There was no significant difference in the length of stay between the rehabilitation group and the conventional group [(19.8±5.8) vs. (20.7±7.4) d; t=0.584, P=0.561].ConclusionEarly postoperative rehabilitation training reduces the time required for renal transplant recipients to get out of bed for the first time post operation and to walk 100 meters independently, reduce the pain response during early activities, and reduce the incidence of postoperative infection.
ObjectiveTo investigate the effectiveness of ileal mucosal seromuscular patch for bladder expansion combined with rehabilitation training for treating neurogenic bladder dysfunction (NBD) with hyperreflexia. MethodsA retrospective study was performed on the clinical data of 61 patients with NBD and hyperreflexia who were treated and followed up between July 2008 and June 2013. There were 36 males and 25 females, aged 6-23 years (mean, 10 years). The reasons included meningomyelocele operation (43 patients), surgery for lipoma in lumbar vertebra (4 patients), operation of thoracolubar teratoma (2 patients), and lumbosacral spina bifida (12 patients). The results of urodynamics indicated that bladder volume decreased obviously and the residual urine increased. The voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) showed the vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), including 6 cases (10 sides) of grade V, 7 cases (12 sides) of grade IV, and 6 cases (8 sides) of grade III. The color doppler ultrosound showed mild hydronephrosis in 23 cases (41 sides), moderate hydronephrosis in 25 cases (42 sides), and severe hydronephrosis in 13 cases (22 sides). The blood biochemical examination suggested chronic renal failure (CRF) in 13 cases. The treatment included augmentation for bladder and rehabilitation training after operation. ResultsThe operation time was (157±26) minutes; the intraoperative blood loss was (43±15) mL, and no patient was given blood transfusion. The patients were followed up 1.5-6.0 years (mean, 4.5 years). Vesical fistula occurred in 4 cases, urinary infection in 5 cases, dysuresia in 2 cases, and cystolith in 1 case after operation. At 1 year after operation, the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontience Short Form (CIQ-SF) score was significantly better than preoperative score (H=89.813, P=0.000). The urodynamic data showed that the difference value between observed and theoretical bladder volumes, bladder compliance, residual urine volume, maximum flow rate, and maximum storage detrusor pressure were significantly better than preoperative ones (P<0.05). And the color doppler ultrasound showed mild hydronephrosis in 34 cases (56 sides), moderate hydronephrosis in 18 cases (33 sides), and severe hydronephrosis in 9 cases (16 sides). VCUG showed that bladder volume obviously increased, no contracture was observed; and VUR was improved. And renal function was improved in 13 patients with CRF. ConclusionIleal mucosal seromuscular patch for bladder expansion combined with postoperative rehabilitation training has good effectiveness in treating NBD with hyperreflexia.
目的:探讨健康教育及康复训练对子宫全切术患者的愈后效果的影响。方法:将41例子宫全切手术患者分常规组20例和观察组21例。常规组按妇产科护理常规进行术前术后常规护理及相关注意事项的讲解;观察组对患者进行术前术后常规护理同时实施健康教育及康复训练。结果:常规组患者自我认知能力稍差,有缺失感,住院时间稍长;观察组患者术后乐观,配合术后康复训练较为积极,住院时间稍短。结论:认为做好子宫全切术后患者的健康教育并进行及时的康复训练,对其术后康复并提高生活质量起着至关重要的作用。
Muscle fatigue has widespread application in the field of rehabilitation medicine. The paper studies the muscle fatigue using surface electromyogram (sEMG) in the background of rehabilitation training system. The sEMG and ventilatory threshold of vastus lateralis, rectus femoris and erector spinae are collected synchronously and the electromyogram fatigue threshold (EMGFT) of different sEMG was analyzed by increasing load cycling experiments of 10 healthy subjects. This paper also analyzes the effect of isotonic and isometric contraction on EMGFT. Results showed that the appeared time of EMGFT was earlier than that of ventilatory threshold in the incremental load cycling. While the differences were subtle and EMGFT was verified to be effective. EMGFT has been proven effective for different muscle contraction by comparing the EMGFT of vastus lateralis and erector spinae. EMGFT could be used to keep muscle injuries from overtraining in the process of rehabilitation. Therefore, EMGFT has a great significance for femoral shaft fractures’s fatigue monitoring in rehabilitation training.
The bidirectional closed-loop motor imagery brain-computer interface (MI-BCI) is an emerging method for active rehabilitation training of motor dysfunction, extensively tested in both laboratory and clinical settings. However, no standardized method for evaluating its rehabilitation efficacy has been established, and relevant literature remains limited. To facilitate the clinical translation of bidirectional closed-loop MI-BCI, this article first introduced its fundamental principles, reviewed the rehabilitation training cycle and methods for evaluating rehabilitation efficacy, and summarized approaches for evaluating system usability, user satisfaction and usage. Finally, the challenges associated with evaluating the rehabilitation efficacy of bidirectional closed-loop MI-BCI were discussed, aiming to promote its broader adoption and standardization in clinical practice.