目的:了解地震住院伤员的身心状态,进行针对性心理干预。方法:采用方便抽样,应用作者根据应激理论设计的应激身心反应调查表［1］,通过对地震伤员的观察和访谈,对在2008年5月12日至5月30日在四川大学华西医院住院的371名地震伤员进行身心状态的评估,并进行有针对性的心理干预。结果:①地震伤员灾后急性期心身应激反应较严重,其中出现频率最多的症状是睡眠困难,对突然的噪音或声音感到紧张害怕,心情沮丧,感到身体紧张,心情难以平静;②不同性别地震伤员身心反应存在一定差异,女性反应症状重于男性;③年龄在小于12岁、12～18岁和41～50岁年龄段地震伤员的身心反应与其他年龄段地震伤员的身心反应存在差异;④地震伤员的身心反应与其性别、年龄、文化、个人受伤情况有关。结论:地震伤员灾后身心反应严重,急性期给予针对性心理干预十分重要。
Objective To evaluate the effect of early clinical interference strategies on preventing the conversion of acute pancreatitis to the severe form and aggravation of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods The patients with acute pancreatitis admitted to this hospital were divided into two therapeutic phases by different therapeutic methods from January 2001 to December 2008. Patients in the first phase (from January 2001 to December 2004) were treated by the routine management, and the second phase (from January 2005 to December 2008) by the routine management combined with early clinical interference strategies. Then, the ratio of conversion from acute pancreatitis to SAP and prognosis of SAP between two phases were compared. Results Compared with the first phase, the rate of aggravation of acute pancreatitis was significantly decreased in the second phase (4.48% vs. 21.18%), the average healing time of SAP, the incidences of systemic and local complications and the mortality of pancreatitis were reduced (P＜0.05). When early clinical interference strategies were performed, some adverse reaction and complications occurred in 35 cases, but without severe consequence. Conclusion Early clinical interference strategies may serve as a beneficial strategy on preventing the progression of mild acute pancreatitis to the severe form or halting the aggravation of acute pancreatitis.
【作者简介】〖KG2〗〖HTSS〗蒋青(1963-),女,四川遂宁人,主管护师,硕士,Email:jq0987@yahoo.cn
针刺平行随机对照试验通常没有准确报告试验组和对照组的干预方法.为促进标准化,国际上有经验的针刺医师和研究者组成的小组制定了一些原则,即针刺临床对照试验中干预措施报告的标准(缩写为STRICTA).在征求意见过程中,一些期刊编辑协助对此标准进行了修改,使之与随机对照试验报告的标准(CON-SORT)格式一致,作为该指南对针剌研究报告的延伸.参与此事的杂志编辑已确定要发表该标准,建议其作者群按照此标准准备论文,并将邀请更多杂志采用该标准.目的是使针剌对照试验的干预措施充分报告,从而有利于对这些研究的严格评价、分析及这些措施的推广.
ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy of non-nutritional sucking and 10% glucose water plus non-nutritional sucking in relieving the venipuncture pain for premature infants. MethodA total of 167 premature infants between April and December 2014 were selected as our study subjects, and they were randomly divided into three groups:intervention group Ⅰ (n=53), intervention group Ⅱ (n=58), and the control group (without any intervention, n=56). Two minutes before venous indwelling needle puncture, blood oxygen saturation and heart rate of the infants were recorded during their quiet state. In the process of venipuncture, the intervention group Ⅰ was given non-nutritional sucking, intervention group Ⅱ was given 10% glucose water plus non-nutritional sucking, and the control group did not accept any intervention. Premature pain rating scale (PIPP) was used to compare the three groups of infants in terms of pain score, heart rate and blood oxygen saturation 1 minute and 5 minutes after intravenous indwelling needle puncture. SPSS 17.0 software was applied for statistical analysis. ResultsOf the 167 premature infants, one-time puncture was successful in 152 infants, with 46 in intervention group Ⅰ, 54 in intervention group Ⅱ, and 52 in control group. One minute after intravenous indwelling needle puncture, PIPP score of intervention group Ⅰ and Ⅱ was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). The PIPP score of intervention group Ⅱ was significantly lower than that of intervention group Ⅰ (P<0.05). One minute and 5 minutes after intravenous indwelling needle puncture, heart rate in the intervention groups was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), blood oxygen saturation in the intervention groups was signficantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05), and they were significantly lower in intervention group Ⅱ than in intervention group Ⅰ (P<0.05). ConclusionsNon-nutritional sucking is effective in alleviating venipuncture pain for premature infants, especially when it is used together with 10% glucose water. The method is worthy of clinical promotion.
Exercise intervention is an important non-pharmacological intervention for various diseases, and establishing precise exercise load assessment techniques can improve the quality of exercise intervention and the efficiency of disease prevention and control. Based on data collection from wearable devices, this study conducts nonlinear optimization and empirical verification of the original "Fitness-Fatigue Model". By constructing a time-varying attenuation function and specific coefficients, this study develops an optimized mathematical model that reflects the nonlinear characteristics of training responses. Thirteen participants underwent 12 weeks of moderate-intensity continuous cycling, three times per week. For each training session, external load (actual work done) and internal load (heart rate variability index) data were collected for each individual to conduct a performance comparison between the optimized model and the original model. The results show that the optimized model demonstrates a significantly improved overall goodness of fit and superior predictive ability. In summary, the findings of this study can support dynamic adjustments to participants' training programs and aid in the prevention and control of chronic diseases.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the economic evaluation research of anti-novel coronavirus infection drugs at home and abroad, so as to promote clinical rational drug use. MethodsThe PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMbase, Web of Science, INAHTA, SinoMed, WanFang Data, and CNKI databases were systematically searched from January 1, 2020 to March 25, 2023, to collect economic evaluation studies related to anti-novel coronavirus infection drugs. ResultsA total of 22 articles were included, among which 11 studies were conducted from the perspective of health system, and most of the studies performed cost estimation on direct medical costs. The overall compliance rate of the included studies ranged from 42% to 70%, with deficiencies in model setting, incomplete uncertainty analysis, and lack of stakeholder participation. The results showed that immunotherapy drugs (Dexamethasone, Tocilizumab), neutralizing antibody (REGEN-COV antibody), small molecule drugs (Baricitinib, Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir, Molnupiravir, Favipiravir) and statin were cost-effective. There was some variation in the results of the economic evaluation of Remdesivir. ConclusionAt present, there are few studies on the economic evaluation of drug interventions in COVID-19. Existing studies have pointed out that most drug interventions are cost-effective. It is suggested that more standardized pharmacoeconomic evaluation studies based on the actual situation of China epidemic should be carried out in the future.
目的:观察护理干预对脑瘫患儿生活自理能力训练的影响。方法:80例脑瘫患儿随机分为2组,常规组40例,实施常规护理;观察组40例,在常规护理基础上对患儿和家长给予护理干预,两组患儿治疗前后均进行日常生活自理动作评定。结果:治疗后,2组患儿ADL评分较治疗前有明显提高(Plt;0.05),与常规组比较,观察组患儿改善更明显(Plt;0.01)。结论:护理干预对脑瘫患儿生活自理能力的训练有促进作用。