Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis (CMVR) is a common opportunistic infection of the eye after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with hematological diseases. It often occurs within 3 months after the operation, with CMV activation and high blood CMV peaks. It often occurs on patients with long-term CMV viremia, human leukocyte antigen incompatible transplantation, unrelated donor transplantation, haploid transplantation, childhood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, delayed lymphocyte engraftment, acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease after surgery. The visual prognosis of patients is related to the area of CMVR lesions on the retina, the number of quadrants involved, whether the macula is involved, and the CMV load of the vitreous body is involved, and it is not related to whether the Epstein-Barr virus infection is combined with blood and vitreous humor. The incidence of CMVR is increasing year by year. It is helpful that paying attention to systemic risk factors and epidemiology can provide more effective guidance for ophthalmologists during diagnosis and treatment, help patients improve the prognosis of vision, and reduce or even avoid the occurrence of blindness caused by CMVR.
Objective To observe ocular manifestations of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome（AIDS）.Methods Fourtytwo AIDS patients（66 eyes）with ocular complaints received examinations of visual acuity, slit-lamp microscope, ophthalmoscope and fundus fluorescence angiography (FFA). The results were retrospectively analyzed. Results There are five types of ocular findings, including cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis (37 eyes, 56.0%), retinal microvasculopathy of human immunodeficiency virus (21 eyes, 32.0%), optic nerve diseases (three eyes, 4.5%), retinal neuroepithelial layer detachment (two eyes, 3.0%) and uveitis (three eyes, 4.5%).Conclusions The common ocular manifestations showed progressive necrotic retinitis, retinal hemorrhage and retinal vasculitis and attenuated，cotton-wool spots in AIDS patients.