Objective To investigate the status of the knowledge, attitudes and intervention behaviors in medical professionals in the prevention and treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and explore the weak links in knowledge-attitude-practice of DVT. Methods From December 2017 to February 2018, a convenient sampling method was used to extract 158 medical professionals out of 204 medical professionals from Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University. The questionnaire included the general information and basic situation of DVT learning, the knowledge of DVT, intervention attitude and implementation of preventive measures. The survey involved orthopedic doctors, nurses, rehabilitation therapists and nutrition managers. Results A total of 158 questionnaires were distributed and 150 valid questionnaires were completed. The effective questionnaire recovery rate was 94.9%. The mean score of basic knowledge of DVT was 6.45±1.83, the mean score of risk factors was 13.29±3.38, the mean score of intervention attitudes was 9.57±0.78, and the mean score of prevention implementation was 23.33±5.85. Conclusions The knowledge-practice of DVT intervention in orthopedic medical staff is moderate, and the attitude of DVT intervention is better among medical staff. There are various characteristics and weaknesses in knowledge-practice. It is necessary to regularly carry out knowledge about DVT among medical staff to improve the professional level of medical staff to prevent and treat DVT.
ObjectiveTo know the status and risk factors of occupational exposure in a top-class hospital in Sichuan, and provide the basis for occupational safety and protective measures. Methods"Hospital Medical Staff Occupational Exposure Registration Form" was used in this retrospective study. Statistical analysis was performed on medical workers' exposure data between January 2011 and June 2014 in a top-class hospital in Sichuan Province. ResultsA total of 139 cases of occupational exposures were recorded in some of the medical staff. There were more females than males. Nurses had the most exposures (70.5%), and the exposure sources were mainly human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus (27.9% and 21.0%, respectively). The exposure type was mainly sharp injury (84.2%). Exposure occurred mainly in surgery (47.5%), and different job or places had different exposure types with significant differences (χ2=12.683, 20.897, P<0.05). Sharp injury was mainly caused by the scalp needle and syringe, and the injured sites were mainly upper limbs (98.3%). However, exposure to blood and body fluids occurred mainly on upper limbs (54.5%) or face (45.5%). ConclusionOccupational exposures are mainly sharp injuries, especially in surgeries. Women, nurses or medical staff with low qualifications had the highest exposure risk. Thus, occupational safety and protection training should be strengthened.
目的 探讨凉山州第一人民医院医务人员锐器伤职业暴露的危险因素及应对措施。 方法 对医务人员在2011年8月1日－31日期间里的锐器伤发生情况进行问卷式和面对面提问式相结合的方式进行调查，共调查医务人员1 112名，包括医生288名，护士589名，医技人员180名，其他55名；采用《医务人员锐器伤调查问卷》进行筛查，筛查后与发生锐器伤的人员面对面交谈，并填写《医务人员锐器伤危险因素调查表》。用医务人员职业暴露监测系统（EPINeT）进行统计分析。 结果 发生锐器伤45例，发生率为4.05%，护士发生锐器伤的比例较高，达到了5.3%，医生为4.5%，医技人员较低为0.56%，其他人员发生锐器伤的可能性较小，经四格表的χ2检验，医生与护士锐器伤的发生率差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.010，P＞0.05）。锐器伤发生的主要时机以抽血（占16%）、拔出动静脉针（占14%）、双手回套针帽（占14%）、手术缝针（占12%）以及将针头放入锐器盒（占10%）为主；发生的场所以普通病房（占60%）和手术室（占22%）为主；锐器伤发生的器械以一次性注射器（占32%）、静脉留置针（占18%）、真空采血针（占16%）和手术缝针（占14%）为主。 结论 医生和护士是锐器伤发生的高危人群，应采取一系列措施降低其发生职业暴露的风险，包括增加医护人员数量、加强职业培训、禁止双手回套针帽、采用安全留置针和使用皮肤粘合剂以及采用腹腔镜、阴道镜进行手术等措施，尽量降低医护人员的职业暴露风险。
目的:探讨口腔科医务人员职业暴露的危险因素,提高防护意识,减少职业暴露。方法:通过2007年1月至2008年12月对口腔科医务人员职业暴露的危险因素进行回顾性调查分析。结果:易造成口腔科医务人员职业暴露的危险因素有:生物方面因素、物理方面因素、化学方面因素、环境方面因素。结论:加强学习和培训,提高防护意识。完善防护制度,严格执行操作规程,落实标准预防措施,加强监督管理,是减少职业暴露的关键。
ObjectiveTo explore the application of PDCA (plan, do, check, action) circulation method in basic life support (BLS) technique training among non-medical personnel in hospitals. MethodsIn a third-level grade-A hospital, BLS technique training was carried out for 66 non-medical personnel of various working categories between July and September 2011. During the training process, PDCA circulation method was applied to each step. The existing problems were searched and causes of the problems were found. Improving strategies were made and carried out, and finally, the effect of training was statistically analyzed. ResultsAfter the application of PDCA circulation method, the test scores in the three training stages were significantly different (P ＜ 0.05) . ConclusionPDCA circulation method can help non-medical personnel to master the operation process and the technique points of BLS quickly, and it also can improve the quality of BLS technique training for non-medical personnel in hospitals.
目的 了解临床医务人员锐器伤发生状况及上报时间，从而有针对性地加强职业暴露防护措施。 方法 采用回顾性调查方式，对医院2009年1月－2011年12月报告的76例锐器伤医务人员的备案资料,如人员分类、操作环节、科室、上报时间进行统计分析。 结果 从人员构成看护理人员最多，占46.05%（35例），其次为实习同学/规范化培训医生，占23.68%（18例）；手术、整理或清洗器械是造成医务人员锐器伤的主要环节，分别占30.26%、26.32%；妇产科是最易发生锐器伤的科室，其发生率达25.75%，其次为急诊科为25.00%，门诊系统为13.79%；发生锐器伤后的上报时间24 h内、48 h、72 h、72 h以上分别占51.32%、19.74%、10.52%、18.42%。 结论 医院应进一步完善各项规章制度及操作规范，加强医务人员特别是新近的实习医生及规范化培训医生的职业防护培训及教育，规范锐器伤上报管理工作，对不及时上报及易发生锐器伤的主要操作环节等进行针对性培训，以便于加强锐器伤的防护及对职业暴露者采取及时的预防控制措施。
目的:调查分析临床医务人员对医疗废物分类知识的知晓程度及存在问题。方法:随机抽查我院临床医务人员210人,填写医疗废物分类知识调查问卷。结果:我院临床医务人员对医疗废物分类知晓程度较低,其中护士对多数问题的知晓率高于医生和护工,医生和护工之间其知晓率没有统计学差异。结论:医疗废物管理的首要环节是医疗废物的分类收集,提高临床医务人员对相关知识的知晓率至关重要。
ObjectiveTo study the effect of new bundle interventions on medical staff’s cognition of occupational exposure protection and exposure rate, and provide evidence for reducing medical staff’s occupational exposure.MethodsThe 1 435 medical practitioners in 37 clinical/technical departments of Nanchong Central Hospital were selected as the research objects. Bundle intervention strategies about occupational exposure for whole population and high risk population were implemented, and the medical staff’s cognition of occupational exposure, occurrence of occupational exposure, and post-exposure reporting in 2017 (before intervention) and 2018 (after intervention) were investigated and compared to evaluate the intervention effects.ResultsThe numbers of valid survey forms collected before intervention and after intervention were 1 160 and 1 421, respectively. The total awareness rate increased from 91.10% before intervention to 96.10% after intervention (P<0.001). The exposure rate and average rank of exposure frequency after intervention were lower than those before intervention (10.98% vs. 17.50%, 1 250.74 vs. 1 340.32), the reporting rate of initial exposure after intervention (69.23%) was higher than that before intervention (57.64%), and the differences were all statistically significant (P<0.05).ConclusionThrough gradually implementing the new bundle interventions, medical staff can improve the cognition of occupational exposure, reduce the occurrence of occupational exposure, improve the enthusiasm of reporting, and create a safe atmosphere.