Injury of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) may cause sensory and motor dysfunction. In order to investigate the changes of somato-sensory evoked potential (SEP) and histological characteristics of DRG in different causes and different periods of injury, fifty-two rabbits were chosed to build the models. The rabbits were divided into 4 groups: Control group (n = 4); mechanical compressing group (n = 16); inflammatory injury group (n = 16); and treatment group (2% lidocaine with hydroprednisone was administered locally, n = 16). After one to eight weeks, SEP was determined and samples of DRG were obtained to observe the histological and ultrastructural changes every week. The result showed that the gap junction of microvascular endothelium in DRG had been destroyed by the mechanical compression was the major cause of the vessel permeability increasing. The increasing of endothelial pinocytic vesicles transportation and widening of endothelial gap junction were the main causes of inflammatory irritation of DRG. The local infiltration with 2% lidocaine and hydroprednisone could obviously ameliorate inflammatory injury in DRG.
目的 研究利多卡因对海马的神经毒性是否会对大鼠空间学习记忆能力产生影响，并探讨大鼠空间学习能力的变化与海马CA3区锥体细胞数目的相关性。 方法 将成年Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为基础值组（n=7）和利多卡因惊厥组（n=40）。基础值组大鼠静脉给予生理盐水后使用Y迷宫测定大鼠的空间学习能力。利多卡因惊厥组大鼠尾静脉持续输注利多卡因造成惊厥，待大鼠恢复正常运动以后放入鼠笼重新饲养。并于惊厥后第1、3、5、7天从中随机抓取大鼠测试其空间学习能力以及组织学改变。根据对应天数将利多卡因惊厥组的40只大鼠随机细分为Day-1、Day-3、Day-5、Day-7亚组，每亚组10只。所有大鼠在测定空间学习能力之后立即处死，取出大脑并做石蜡包埋，冠状面切片后进行组织学检测，显微镜下评估海马CA3区锥体细胞状态。 结果 ① 基础值组和Day-1、Day-3、Day-5、Day-7亚组大鼠的Y迷宫穿梭次数分别为（25.2 ± 3.7）、（27.1 ± 8.1）、（36.9 ± 9.9）、（38.7 ± 10.6）、（40.6 ± 16.3）次，除Day-1亚组与基础值组比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）外，其余各亚组与基础值组差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；② 与基础值组单位面积（10.3 ± 4.5）个（异常锥体）细胞比较，利多卡因惊厥组大鼠海马CA3区异常锥体细胞数增加，Day-1、Day-3、Day-5、Day-7亚组计数值分别为13.0 ± 7.2、15.6 ± 5.0、19.6 ± 8.1、18.1 ± 5.1，且与大鼠Y迷宫穿梭次数呈正相关（r=0.711，P＜0.05）。 结论 利多卡因引起的惊厥使成年大鼠海马依赖性空间学习能力下降，利多卡因的神经毒性引起的海马异常锥体细胞增多可能是造成这一现象的一种原因。
目的:比较复方利多卡因和盐酸利多卡因的麻醉效果。方法:将 200 例口腔局麻的患者随机分为试验组和对照组,试验组应用复方利多卡因,对照组应用盐酸利多卡因。结果: 复方利多卡因的麻醉效果及时间明显优于盐酸利多卡因,两者结果在统计学上有显著性差异(Plt;0 01)。结论: 复方利多卡因具有显效时间快、作用时间长、止痛效果好的特点,特别是口腔科术后长效镇痛效果明显,值得推广应用。
Lidocaine is an amide local anaesthetic. In recent years, clinical evidence shows that perioperative intravenous lidocaine injection plays an active role in anti-inflammation, analgesia, anti-tumor and organ protection. Postoperative pain is severe in patients after thoracic surgery, and the incidence of pulmonary complications and cognitive impairment is high. These adverse reactions and complications are closely related to the inflammatory reaction after thoracic surgery. Intravenous infusion of lidocaine may have some effects on alleviating these adverse reactions and complications. Thus, this article reviews the current status of intravenous lidocaine injection in thoracic surgery and explores the related mechanisms to optimize the management of anaesthesia during the perioperative period of thoracic surgery.
ObjectiveTo evaluate if intravenous lidocaine can reduce the stress response induced by fiberoptic bronchoscopy in patients under general anesthesia. MethodsSixty patients undergoing fiberoptic bronchoscopy under unconsciousness between November 2013 and July 2014 were randomly divided into two groups: lidocaine group (n=30) and control group (n=30). Patients in the lidocaine group received an intravenous injection of lidocaine for 1 mg/kg during induction and then continuous intravenous infusion of 2% lidocaine with a dose of 3 mg/(kg·h). The same volume of saline was given to patients of the control group in the same way. Laryngeal mask airway was placed after anesthesia induction. Variables of heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, and pulse oxygen saturation were observed and recorded at five time points: before induction, immediately after induction, immediately after laryngeal mask airway placement, fiberoptic bronchoscopy across tracheal carina and before leaving examination room. Complications including cough reflex, toxicity reaction of local anesthetics, and injection pain were also observed. ResultsThe examination was successfully completed in all patients. Blood pressure and heart rate increased in all patients when fiberoptic bronchoscopy got across tracheal carina. There were no statistically significant differences in the two groups (P>0.05). Patients in the two groups had no statistic difference in tinnitus and numbness of tongue (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, patients in the lidocaine group had lower incidence of injection pain (P<0.05). ConclusionIntravenous lidocaine cannot suppress stress response induced by fiberoptic bronchoscopy effectively.
Objective To investigate the effectiveness of pretreatment with mixture of lidocaine and flurbiprofen axetil in reducing injection pain of propofol. Methods One hundred and sixty ASI I–II patients undergoing general anaesthesia were randomly allocated into four groups (40 cases in each group): the control group, the lidocaine (Lc) group, the flurbiprofen axetil (FA) group and the mixture of lidocaine and flurbiprofen axetil (hereafter termed as “mixture”) group. After the occlusion of venous drainage, patients were pretreated with 7 mL of 0.9% saline in the control group, 5 mL (50 mg) of flurbiprofen axetil and 2 mL of 0.9% saline in the FA group, 2 mL (40 mg) of 2% lidocaine and 5 mL of 0.9% saline in the Lc group, and 5 mL (50 mg) of flurbiprofen axetil and 2 mL (40 mg) of 2% lidocaine in the mixture group, respectively. The occlusion was released 2 min later and then 0.5 mg/kg propofol was injected into the vein within 5 s. During injecting propofol, the patients were asked by another anesthetist to assess and record their pain through using VSR. Results No significant differences in the demographic characteristics were found among the four groups. In comparison with the control group, the incidence rates of propofol injection pain were obviously lower in the mixture group, the FA group and the Lc group (Plt;0.05); there was a significant reduction in the incidence rate of pain in the mixture group compared with the other three groups. The median pain score was significantly lower in the mixture group and the Lc group than that in the control group. During the 24 hour follow-up after operation, neither the adverse events such as red-swelling in injection site, phlebitis or drug eruption, nor the gastrointestinal stimulating signs were found. Conclusion The mixture of flurbiprofen axetil and lidocaine is found to be more effective in reducing injection pain of propofol.
Objective To assess the anesthetic efficacy of articaine versus lidocaine for irreversible pulpitis. Methods We electronically searched PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library (Issue 4, 2009), CNKI, VIP and CBM. The search was updated to December 2009. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs were indentified about articaine and lidocaine for irreversible pulpitis. Study selection and meta-analysis were conducted according to the Cochrane Handbook for systematic reviews. And RevMan5.0 was applied for statistical analysis in success rate. Results Nine trials involving 985 pulpitis patients were included. Meta-analysis indicated that, both the anesthetic success rate (RR=1.33, 95%CI 1.23 to1.44) and maxillary anesthetic success rate (RR=1.65, 95%CI 1.38 to 1.98) of articaine were superior to that of lidocaine, but there was no statistical significance in mandibular anesthetic success rate between two groups (RR=1.28, 95%CI 0.97 to 1.69). Conclusion The current evidence shows that articaine is superior to lidocaine in anesthetic efficacy, and is good at maxillary anesthesia.
ObjectivesTo systematically review the prophylactic efficacy of lidocaine administrated intravenously in advance on rocuronium associated injection pain/withdrawal movement in patients under general anesthesia.MethodsPubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EMbase, CNKI, WanFang Data and VIP databases were electronically searched to collect relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on pretreatment with lidocaine intravenously to prevent injection pain /withdraw movement from rocuronium from inception to September 30th, 2018. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed risk of bias of included studies; then, meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3 software.ResultsA total of 30 RCTs involving 2 518 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that, compared to the control group, pretreating with intravenous lidocaine could significantly reduced the occurrence of total pain/withdrawal movement associated with rocuronium injection (RR=0.43, 95%CI 0.36 to 0.51, P<0.000 01), and whether with (RR=0.39, 95%CI 0.29 to 0.52, P<0.000 01) or without (RR=0.45, 95%CI 0.36 to 0.57, P<0.000 01) occluding the vein, intravenous lidocaine could prevent pain/withdrawal movement associated with rocuronium injection. In addition, the incidence of lidocaine group igniting moderate (RR=0.38, 95%CI 0.31 to 0.46, P<0.000 01) or severe (RR=0.23, 95%CI 0.18 to 0.30, P<0.000 01) pain/ withdrawal movement were less likely to occur. However, there was no difference between the lidocaine and control group in the incidence of mild injection pain/withdrawal movement induced by rocuronium (RR=0.89, 95%CI 0.75 to 1.06, P=0.19).ConclusionsCurrent evidence shows that pre-intravenous lidocaine can reduce the occurrence of injection pain/withdrawal movement associated with rocuronium injection patients, especially in the prevention of moderate and severe injection pain/withdrawal movement.
目的 观察不同浓度肾上腺素与利多卡因混合液头皮浸润注射对开颅术患者血流动力学的影响。方法 选取2010年5月－10月80例颅内肿瘤患者，随机分成4组，行1%利多卡因溶液混合不同浓度的肾上腺素16 mL头皮浸润注射。肾上腺素浓度：A组2.5 μg/mL、B组5.0 μg/mL、C组7.5 μg/mL、D组10.0 μg/mL。记录注射前（T0）、注射后5 min内（T1-10）心率（HR）、平均动脉压（MAP）、收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP），根据各时段的MAP最低值和最高值，计算MAP的降低率和升高率，计数各组MAP下降10%以内、10%～20%和20%以上的例数。 结果 C组的MAP下降例数最多且MAP下降率最高，与其他组间比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。组内比较，C组MAP、SBP在1.5、2.0、2.5 min时、DBP在2 min时和D组MAP和DBP在1.5、2.0 min时下降差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。4组血压下降的同时伴HR增快，但HR组间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。 结论 低浓度的肾上腺素与10%利多卡因混合液用于开颅术患者头皮浸润注射时可导致血压下降。