睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征( SAHS) 是一种常见病症,临床上以阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征( OSAHS) 最为常见[1] 。1993 年一项基于社区人群的研究中, Young 等[2] 发现年龄介于30 ～60 岁的人群中, 以睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数( AHI) ≥5 次/h 定义的OSAHS在女性的患病率为9% ,在男性为24% , 2% 的女性和4% 的男性同时存在嗜睡症状。越来越多的证据表明睡眠呼吸暂停可导致许多并发症, 包括行为和躯体两方面。行为并发症包括日间嗜睡、注意力下降和神经心理异常, 而躯体并发症主要包括心脑血管疾病, 尤其是高血压[3, 4] 。OSAHS 是全身多个脏器功能损害的独立危险因素, 其中心血管并发症是主要死因[5] 。如何评价OSAHS 病情严重程度, 对患者的诊断、治疗及预后判断具有非常重要的意义。目前AHI 仍然是诊断OSAHS 的金标准,但其与靶器官损害的相关性存在诸多争议。
In this study, we propose an automatic contour outlining method to measure the spatial resolution of homemade automatic tube current modulation (ATCM) phantom by outlining the edge contour of the phantom image, selecting the region of interest (ROI), and measuring the spatial resolution characteristics of computer tomography (CT) phantom image. Specifically, the method obtains a binarized image of the phantom outlined by an automated fast region convolutional neural network (AFRCNN) model, measures the edge spread function (ESF) of the CT phantom with different tube currents and layer thicknesses, and differentiates the ESF to obtain the line spread function (LSF). Finally, the values passing through the zeros are normalized by the Fourier transform to obtain the CT spatial resolution index (RI) for the automatic measurement of the modulation transfer function (MTF). In this study, this algorithm is compared with the algorithm that uses polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) to measure the MTF of the phantom edges to verify the feasibility of this method, and the results show that the AFRCNN model not only improves the efficiency and accuracy of the phantom contour outlining, but also is able to obtain a more accurate spatial resolution value through automated segmentation. In summary, the algorithm proposed in this study is accurate in spatial resolution measurement of phantom images and has the potential to be widely used in real clinical CT images.
The Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) is often used to calculate the radiation dose during computed tomography (CT) scans. However, the physical calculation process of the model is complicated, the input file structure of the program is complex, and the three-dimensional (3D) display of the geometric model is not supported, so that the researchers cannot establish an accurate CT radiation system model, which affects the accuracy of the dose calculation results. Aiming at these two problems, this study designed a software that visualized CT modeling and automatically generated input files. In terms of model calculation, the theoretical basis was based on the integration of CT modeling improvement schemes of major researchers. For 3D model visualization, LabVIEW was used as the new development platform, constructive solid geometry (CSG) was used as the algorithm principle, and the introduction of editing of MCNP input files was used to visualize CT geometry modeling. Compared with a CT model established by a recent study, the root mean square error between the results simulated by this visual CT modeling software and the actual measurement was smaller. In conclusion, the proposed CT visualization modeling software can not only help researchers to obtain an accurate CT radiation system model, but also provide a new research idea for the geometric modeling visualization method of MCNP.
目的 观察独用内镜下手术以及联合等离子低温射频治疗外耳道乳头状瘤的疗效。 方法 2006年7月－2010年7月，随机将收治的45例外耳道乳头状瘤患者（150只耳）分组，比较独用内镜下手术组（A组）以及联合等离子低温射频组（B组）治疗外耳道乳头状瘤的疗效。 结果 患者均术后成功随访1～3年，48只患耳无复发及恶变，2只患耳3个月后复发。 结论 内镜下手术联合等离子低温射频治疗外耳道乳头状瘤具有微创，手术彻底有效，防止复发的优点，值得临床广泛应用。
ObjectivesTo systematically review the efficacy and safety of palifermin on oral mucositis (OM) and acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) for hematological malignancy patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).MethodsPubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EMbase, Clinicaltrials.gov, CNKI and WanFang Data databases were electronically searched to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of the efficacy of palifermin on OM and aGVHD for hematological malignancy patients undergoing HSCT from inception to September 30th, 2018. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies, then, meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3 software.ResultsA total of 7 RCTs involving 904 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that: palifermin could reduce the duration of OM grade 2 to 4 (MD=−4.21, 95%CI −7.83 to −0.58, P=0.02), OM grade 3 to 4 (MD=−2.54, 95%CI −4.61 to −0.46, P=0.02) significantly for hematological malignancy patients undergoing HSCT. However, no significant difference was found in the prevalence of aGVHD grade 2 to 4 (RR=1.29, 95%CI 0.95 to 1.75, P=0.11), aGVHD grade 3 to 4 (RR=0.99, 95%CI 0.55 to 1.77, P=0.97), OM grade 2 to 4 (RR=0.86, 95%CI 0.72 to 1.03, P=0.11) and OM grade 3 to 4 (RR=0.82, 95%CI 0.65 to 1.03, P=0.08) between palifermin group and placebo group. The prevalence of paresthesia (RR=4.24, 95%CI 1.24 to 14.56, P=0.02) and erythema (RR=1.49, 95%CI 1.06 to 2.09, P=0.02) were significantly higher in palifermin group.ConclusionsThe durations of OM grade 2 to 4, 3 to 4 are significantly reduce in patients receiving palifermin compared with those receiving a placebo, however, no statistically significant difference are found in the incidence of aGVHD grade 2 to 4, 3 to 4, OM grade 2 to 4, 3 to 4. Parethesia and erythema are more prevalent among patients using palifermin. Therefore, advantages and disadvantages of palifermin should be considered when used in clinical.
In order to satisfy demands of massive and heterogeneous tumor clinical data processing and the multi-center collaborative diagnosis and treatment for tumor diseases, a Tumor Data Interacted System (TDIS) was established based on grid platform, so that an implementing virtualization platform of tumor diagnosis service was realized, sharing tumor information in real time and carrying on standardized management. The system adopts Globus Toolkit 4.0 tools to build the open grid service framework and encapsulats data resources based on Web Services Resource Framework (WSRF). The system uses the middleware technology to provide unified access interface for heterogeneous data interaction, which could optimize interactive process with virtualized service to query and call tumor information resources flexibly. For massive amounts of heterogeneous tumor data, the federated stored and multiple authorized mode is selected as security services mechanism, real-time monitoring and balancing load. The system can cooperatively manage multi-center heterogeneous tumor data to realize the tumor patient data query, sharing and analysis, and compare and match resources in typical clinical database or clinical information database in other service node, thus it can assist doctors in consulting similar case and making up multidisciplinary treatment plan for tumors. Consequently, the system can improve efficiency of diagnosis and treatment for tumor, and promote the development of collaborative tumor diagnosis model.
The early damage detection and evaluation are of great significance in treatment and prognosis to the left ventricular function for children with tumor. In this paper, it is reported that the early damage of the left ventricular function was observed by pulsed wave Doppler (PWD) and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) in our laboratory. Eighty children half a year to fourteen years old were included in this study. The cardiac function indices in chemotherapy group and control group were measured and compared. The results showed that there was significant difference in mitral and tricuspid annulus flow spectrum between the two groups. Compared with PWD, TDI is more prompt, objective and accurate in detecting early damage of left ventricular function in children with tumor.And TDI is a good method for early identification of ventricular function damage in children with tumor.