Objective To investigate the latest development of tissue engineeredregenerative medicine in industrialization, with the intention to direct work in practical area. Methods A complete insight of regenerative medicine in industrialization was obtained through referring to update publications, visiting related websites, as well as learning from practical experience. Results The aerial view of the future of regenerative medicine was got based on knowledge of four different tissue engineering projects. Conclusion All present efforts should be devoted to regenerative medicine area meeting the industrialized trends.
Abstract: The amniotic fluidderived stem cells (AFSC) possess considerable advantageous characteristics including high proliferation potential, easy availability, low immunogenicity and oncogenicity，and accordance with medical ethnics. Moreover, they do not require the sacrifice of human embryos for their isolation and the cells can differentiate into all three kinds of germs. Accordingly，they initiate a new and very promising field in stem cell research and they will be a potential source of stem cells for therapies related to regeneration medicine of cardiovascular diseases. The research about the AFSC utilization in cardiovascular diseases is just started. Though there were some exciting breakthroughs, there still remain many challenges. In the article，we will discuss AFSC characteristics, influence of amniotic fluid harvesting time on stem cells, isolation and purification, emphasizing mainly on the potential of AFSC differentiation into cardiovascular cells, current situation and problems in this field.
Objective To review the biochemical characteristics, appl ication progress, and prospects of the adiposederived stem cells (ADSCs). Methods The recent original experimental and cl inical l iterature about ADSCs was extensively reviewed and analyzed. Results ADSCs can be readily harvested in large numbers from adipose tissue with properties of stable prol iferation and potential differentiation in vitro. Significant progress of ADSCs is made in the animal experimentand the cl inical appl ication. It has been widely used in the cl inical treatment of cardiovascular disease, metabol ic disease, encephalopathy, and tissue engineering repair. Conclusion ADSCs have gradually replaced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and become the focused hot spot of regenerative medicine and stem cells.
Objective To summarize the developmental process of biomedical materials and regenerative medicine. Methods After reviewing and analyzing the literature concerned, we put forward the developmental direction of biomedical materials and regenerative medicine in the future. Results Biomedical materials developed from the first and second-generations to the third-generation in the 1990s. Regenerative medicine was able to help the injured tissues and organs to be regenerated by the use of the capability of healing themselves. This kind of medicine included the technologies of the stem cells and the cloning, the tissue engineering, the substitute tissues and organs, xenotransplantation and soon. Conclusion The third-generation biomaterials possess the following two properties: degradation and bioactivity; and they can help the body heal itself once implanted. Regenerative medicine is a rapidly advancing field that opens a new and exciting opportunity for completely revolutionary therapeutic modalities and technologies.
Objective To summarize the research progress of bioactive scaffolds in the repair and regeneration of osteoporotic bone defects. Methods Recent literature on bioactive scaffolds for the repair of osteoporotic bone defects was reviewed to summarize various types of bioactive scaffolds and their associated repair methods. Results The application of bioactive scaffolds provides a new idea for the repair and regeneration of osteoporotic bone defects. For example, calcium phosphate ceramics scaffolds, hydrogel scaffolds, three-dimensional (3D)-printed biological scaffolds, metal scaffolds, as well as polymer material scaffolds and bone organoids, have all demonstrated good bone repair-promoting effects. However, in the pathological bone microenvironment of osteoporosis, the function of single-material scaffolds to promote bone regeneration is insufficient. Therefore, the design of bioactive scaffolds must consider multiple factors, including material biocompatibility, mechanical properties, bioactivity, bone conductivity, and osteogenic induction. Furthermore, physical and chemical surface modifications, along with advanced biotechnological approaches, can help to improve the osteogenic microenvironment and promote the differentiation of bone cells. ConclusionWith advancements in technology, the synergistic application of 3D bioprinting, bone organoids technologies, and advanced biotechnologies holds promise for providing more efficient bioactive scaffolds for the repair and regeneration of osteoporotic bone defects.
Objective To summarize the research and development of vaginal reconstruction with tissue engineering technology. Methods The recent l iterature concerning vaginal reconstruction with tissue engineering technology at home and abroad was extensively reviewed and the research and development were summarized. Results Tissue engineering providesan ideal material as the inner tissue in vaginalplasty. The reconstructed tissue closely resembles native vaginal tissue in the cellular organization and physical properties. The cl inical use of the tissue engineered vagina in vaginoplasty can not be harmful to an organism, and the neovagina has sufficient length and depth. However, the long-term follow-up is needed. Conclusion Vaginal reconstruction with tissue engineering technology may have good application prospects, but further research is required.
In recent years, regenerative medical technology and modern rehabilitation technology complement each other and develop rapidly. Regenerative rehabilitation with tissue regeneration and functional recovery as the core concept arises at the historic moment. Regenerative rehabilitation can quickly repair damaged or diseased tissues and organs, and restore or improve the function of patients to the greatest extent. This paper introduces the origin and development of regenerative rehabilitation, discusses the research progress and significance of related strategies from three aspects of neurological, motor and circulatory diseases, and stress the importance of regenerative rehabilitation in helping patients to obtain the best curative effect.
Cell sheet engineering is an important technology to harvest the cultured cells in the form of confluent monolayers using a continuous culture method and a physical approach. Avoiding the use of enzymes, expended cells can be harvested together with endogenous extracellular matrix, cell-matrix contacts, and cell-cell contacts. With high efficiency of cell loading ability and without using exogenous scaffolds, cell sheet engineering has several advantages over traditional tissue engineering methods. In this article, we give an overview on cell sheet technology about its applications in the filed of tissue regeneration, including the construction of soft tissues (corneal, mucous membrane, myocardium, blood vessel, pancreas islet, liver, bladder and skin) and hard tissues (bone, cartilage and tooth root). This techonoly is promising to provide a novel strategy for the development of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. And further works should be carried out on the operability of this technology and its feasibility to construct thick tissues.
Objective To review the latest development of amniotic fluid-derived stem cells (AFSCs) in regenerative medicine, and to discuss issues related to the studies in the field of AFSCs. Methods The recent articles about AFSCs were extensively reviewed. The important knowledge of AFSCs was introduced in the field of regenerative medicine, and the basic and clinical researches of AFSCs were summarized and discussed. Results Currently, it is confirmed that AFSCs have a multi-directional differentiation capacity, therefore, they have a wide application prospect in regenerative medicine, anti-tumor, and other fields. Conclusion AFSCs will become one of the ideal seed cells in the field of regenerative medicine with extensive research value because of the advantages of easy amniotic fluid sampling, little maternal and child trauma, no tumorigenesis, and no ethical restrictions.
Objective To introduce the related issues in the clinical translational application of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). Methods The latest papers were extensively reviewed, concerning the issues of ASCs production, management, transportation, use, and safety during clinical application. Results ASCs, as a new member of adult stem cells family, bring to wide application prospect in the field of regenerative medicine. Over 40 clinical trials using ASCs conducted in 15 countries have been registered on the website (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), suggesting that ASCs represents a promising approach to future cell-based therapies. In the clinical translational application, the related issues included the quality control standard that management and production should follow, the prevention measures of pathogenic microorganism pollution, the requirements of enzymes and related reagent in separation process, possible effect of donor site, age, and sex in sampling, low temperature storage, product transportation, and safety. Conclusion ASCs have the advantage of clinical translational application, much attention should be paid to these issues in clinical application to accelerate the clinical translation process.