目的总结外科手术后应激性溃疡大出血的临床特点和治疗经验。方法回顾分析1997~2003年期间我院治疗的32例应激性溃疡大出血患者的临床资料。结果28例患者采用非手术治疗，其中12例患者接受急诊胃镜检查; 手术治疗4例。本组患者总的治愈率为87.50%，死亡率为15.62%。结论急诊胃镜检查有助于明确诊断及止血治疗，应激性溃疡大出血首选非手术治疗，无效者可选择手术治疗。
目的:探索上消化道出血患者焦虑发生情况和相关因素分析。方法:采用问卷调查法对70 例上消化道出血患者发生情况进行研究,分析焦虑发生与患者性别、年龄、文化程度、医疗费用支付方式、出血次数、临床症状、疾病了解程度及合并疾病的相关性。结果:上消化道出血患者焦虑发生率为58.6 %。女性患者焦虑发生率明显高于男性患者,出血量多的患者焦虑发生率明显高于出血量少的患者,出血次数、有无合并症与焦虑有明显相关性。结论:正确认识焦虑是开展负性情绪干预的前提,针对上消化道出血患者焦虑发生相关因素,积极开展心理疏导,是保障手术顺利进行的重要环节。
Objective To explore the feasibility and safety of liver transplantation （LT） in treatment of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in patients with portal hypertension， and to compare the therapeutic effects with conventional operation （CO）. Methods The clinical data of 303 patients with bleeding portal hypertension from Feb. 2009 to Feb. 2012 in the department of hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery of First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University were retrospectively analyzed. One hundred and one patients received LT procedure （LT group）， whereas the other 202 patients received CO procedure （CO group）. Postoperative follow-up period was 8-44 months （average 26 months）. Results Liver function before operation in CO group was significantly better than that in LT group（P＜0.01）. The mortality of CO group and LT group were 7.4%（14/189） and 3.0%（3/101， P=1.00）， respectively. The rebleeding rate of patients underwent LT was 2.0%（2/101）， significantly lower than that of CO group 〔9.5%（18/189）， P＜0.05〕. The vanish rate of esophagogastric varice in patients underwent LT was 86.1%（87/101）， significantly lower than that of CO group 〔54.5%（86/189）， P＜0.01〕. Conclusions LT treatment for bleeding portal hypertension is feasible and safe. Patients with good liver function despite hemorrhage history may be managed satisfactorily with conventional surgery. LT is the only curative treatment for patients with portal hypertension in end-stage liver disease.
目的 总结经颈静脉肝内门体静脉分流术（TIPS）治疗未合并肝癌的门静脉高压症患者行脾切除术后反复上消化道出血的疗效。方法 对未合并肝癌或胆管癌的门静脉高压症合并上消化道大出血患者行脾切除术后复发出血患者行TIPS术治疗，并随访1～5年（平均3.2年）的资料进行总结与分析。结果 36例脾切除术后再出血者行TIPS术， 手术均获成功，围手术期死亡率为2.78％（1/36），死亡原因是肝性脑病。随访期间患者术后再次复发出血率为5.71％（2/35）。结论 TIPS对脾切除治疗门静脉高压症后反复出血病例的效果良好。
Objective To apply the method of evidence-based medicine to identify the best therapy option for an emergency patient with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Methods According to time and logical sequence of clinical events, a complete decision tree was built after the following steps to find the best treatment: clear decision-making, drawing decision tree graphics, listing the outcome probability, giving appropriate values to the final outcome, calculating and determining the best strategies. Results The performance of endoscopic therapy for the patient with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage within the first six hours had little effect on the prognosis. Interventional therapy after the failure of endoscopic therapy had less mortality than direct surgical exploration. Conclusion Making clinical decision analyses via drawing the decision tree can help doctors clarify their ideas, get comprehensive views of clinical problems, and ultimately choose the best treatment strategy for patients.
ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and respiratory failure in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding and recent prognosis. MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 73 patients with COPD and respiratory failure treated from February 2009 to May 2011. The patients were assigned to the observing group (n=33) and control group (n=40). General characteristics, improvement rates, mortality rates, lengths of hospital stay, endotracheal tube rates and arrhythmia rates were compared between the two groups. ResultsAge, sex, and medical history of the patients were similar in both groups (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the improvement rate was lower (P<0.001), the mortality rate (P<0.001), length of hospital stay (P<0.001), endotracheal tube rate (P<0.05) and arrhythmia rate (P<0.05) were all higher in the observing group after treatment. ConclusionUpper gastrointestinal bleeding is a high risk factor for short-term prognosis patients with COPD and respiratory failure.
Acute nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (ANVUGIB) is one of the most common emergencies of the digestive system. With the continuous development of digestive endoscopy technology and widespread use of proton pump inhibitors, the morbidity and mortality of ANVUGIB have declined, but there are still numerous difficulties to be solved in clinical treatment. The International Consensus Group in 2019 updated the international consensus guideline in 2003 and 2010 with new clinical recommendations on fluid resuscitation, risk assessment, pre-endoscopic treatment, endoscopic treatment, drug therapy, and secondary prevention, etc. This paper interprets the update to provide references for the clinical treatment of ANVUGIB.