As a new discipline, the cardiac surgery has a great development in the modern age, but still faces many problems and disputes. The emergence of the evidence-based medicine (EBM), which emphasizes the best evidence, and combines the doctor’s clinical experience to make the best judgment, gives the development of the cardiac surgery a new thinking. Four systematic reviews published in The Cochrane Library (Issue 3, 2004) have interprated the importance of EBM on how to resolve the actual problems in different field of the cardiac surgery.
Citation：
SONG Ruliang. Application of the Principle of Onus Proof Conversion in Laparoscopicl Cholecystectomy Disputed Case. Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 2005, 05(6): 497-503. doi:
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- 1. 何家弘. 论司法证明的目的和标准-兼论司法证明的基本概念和范畴[J]. 法学研究, 2001; 23(6): 45.
- 2. 张学春, 史树毅, 谭敏铨. 胆囊切除术综合症[J]. 吉林医学, 1997; 18(3): 129.
- 3. 方善德, 裘华德, 主编. 腹部外科再次手术[M]. 上海科学技术出版社, 1989. 226.
- 4. 黄晓强, 冯玉泉, 黄志强. 腹腔镜胆囊切除术的并发症[J]. 中华外科杂志, 1997; 35(11): 655.
- 5. 吴在德, 主编. 外科学[M]. 第2版. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 1984. 616.
- 6. 吴在德, 主编. 外科学[M]. 第2版. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 1984. 611.
- 7. 陈文彬, 主编. 诊断学[M]. 第5版. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2001. 576.
- 8. 吴在德. 主编. 外科学[M]. 第2版. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 1984. 626.
- 9. Wu ZD. editor in chief. Surgery[M]. 2st edition. Beijing: People’s Medical Publishing House, 1984. 626.
- 10. He JH. On the goals and standards of judicial proof[J]. Cass Journal of Law, 2001; 23(6): 45.
- 11. Zhang XC, Shi SY, Tang MQ. Postcholecystectomy syndrome[J]. Jilin Medical Journal, 1997; 18(3): 129.
- 12. Fang SD, Qiu HD. editor in chief. 1st edition. The abdomen surgery operation again[M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Science & Technology Publishing House, 1989. 226.
- 13. Huang XQ, Feng YQ, Huang ZQ. Complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Surgery, 1997; 35(11): 655.
- 14. Wu ZD. editor in chief. Surgery[M]. 2st edition. Beijing: People’s Medical Publishing House, 1984. 616.
- 15. Wu ZD. editor in chief. Surgery[M]. 2st edition. Beijing: People’s Medical Publishing House, 1984. 611.
- 16. Chen WB. editor in chief. Diagnostics[M]. 5st edition. Beijing: People’s Medical Publishing House, 2002. 576.
