| 1. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         Jameson JL, Longo DL. Precision medicine-personalized, problematic, and promising. N Engl J Med, 2015, 372(23):2229-2234.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 2. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         Phillips R. Innovation:organoids-a better model for prostate cancer. Nat Rev Urol, 2014, 11(11):604.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 3. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         Gao D, Chen Y. Organoid development in cancer genome discovery. Curr Opin Genet Dev, 2015, 30:42-48.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 4. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         Cantrell MA, Kuo CJ. Organoid modeling for cancer precision medicine. Genome Med, 2015, 7(1):32.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 5. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         Unger FT, Witte I, David KA. Prediction of individual response to anticancer therapy:historical and future perspectives. Cell Mol Life Sci, 2015, 72(4):729-757.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 6. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         Zhang HC, Kuo CJ. Personalizing pancreatic cancer organoids with hPSCs. Nat Med, 2015, 21(11):1249-1251.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 7. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         Knudsen ES, O'Reilly EM, Brody JR, et al. Genetic diversity of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and opportunities for precision medicine. Gastroenterology, 2016, 150(1):48-63.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 8. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         Collins FS, Varmus H. A new initiative on precision medicine. N Engl J Med, 2015, 372(9):793-795.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 9. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         崔晓林. 中国将启动精准医疗计划2030年前投入600亿元"精准医学"会颠覆传统医疗产业吗? 中国经济周刊, 2015,39:34-36.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 10. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         张华. 精准医疗,医疗界新革命. 经营者. 2015, 6:285-286.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 11. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         王晓峰, 黄新余. 进展期胰腺癌的综合治疗进展. 中华内分泌外科杂志, 2010, 4(3):203-205.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 12. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         高军. 胰腺癌分子靶向治疗的现状及展望. 中华内分泌外科杂志, 2011, 5(1):57-59.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 13. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         Ravi M, Paramesh V, Kaviya SR, et al. 3D cell culture systems:advantages and applications. J Cell Physiol, 2015, 230(1):16-26.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 14. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         Xinaris C, Brizi V, Remuzzi G. Organoid models and applications in biomedical research. Nephron, 2015, 130(3):191-199.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 15. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         Kimlin L, Kassis J, Virador V. 3D in vitro tissue models and their potential for drug screening. Expert Opin Drug Discov, 2013, 8(12):1455-1466.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 16. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         Gao D, Vela I, Sboner A, et al. Organoid cultures derived from patients with advanced prostate cancer. Cell, 2014, 159(1):176-187.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 17. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         Xu X, Farach-Carson MC, Jia X. Three-dimensional in vitro tumor models for cancer research and drug evaluation. Biotechnol Adv, 2014, 32(7):1256-1268.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 18. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         Vela I, Chen Y. Prostate cancer organoids:a potential new tool for testing drug sensitivity. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther, 2015, 15(3):261-263.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 19. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         Boj SF, Hwang CI, Baker LA, et al. Organoid models of human and mouse ductal pancreatic cancer. Cell, 2015, 160(1-2):324-338.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 20. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         Patman G. Pancreatic cancer:From normal to metastases-a whole gamut of pancreatic organoids. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2015, 12(2):61.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 21. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         Francies HE, Garnett MJ. What role could organoids play in the personalization of cancer treatment? Pharmacogenomics, 2015, 16(14):1523-1526.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 22. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         van de Wetering M, Francies HE, Francis JM, et al. Prospective derivation of a living organoid biobank of colorectal cancer patients. Cell, 2015, 161(4):933-945.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 23. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         Huang L, Holtzinger A, Jagan I, et al. Ductal pancreatic cancer modeling and drug screening using human pluripotent stem cell- and patient-derived tumor organoids. Nat Med, 2015, 21(11):1364-1371.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 24. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         哈罗德·瓦穆斯, 张国锋, 马晋平. 精准医疗计划与癌症研究. 世界科学, 2015, 3:8-9.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 25. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         Unger C, Kramer N, Walzl A, et al. Modeling human carcinomas:physiologically relevant 3D models to improve anti-cancer drug development. Adv Drug Deliv Rev, 2014, 79-80:50-67.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 26. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         Schreiber-Brynzak E, Klapproth E, Unger C, et al. Three-dimensional and co-culture models for preclinical evaluation of metal-based anticancer drugs. Invest New Drugs, 2015, 33(4):835-847.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 27. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         Coleman SJ, Watt J, Arumugam P, et al. Pancreatic cancer organotypics:High throughput, preclinical models for pharmacological agent evaluation. World J Gastroenterol, 2014, 20(26):8471-8481.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 28. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         Kenny HA, Lal-Nag M, White EA, et al. Quantitative high throughput screening using a primary human three-dimensional organotypic culture predicts in vivo efficacy. Nat Commun, 2015, 6:6220.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 29. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         Clevers H, Bender E. Q&A:Hans clevers. Banking on organoids. Nature, 2015, 521(7551):S15.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 30. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         Cirkel GA, Gadellaa-van Hooijdonk CG, Koudijs MJ, et al. Tumor heterogeneity and personalized cancer medicine:are we being outnumbered? Future Oncol, 2014, 10(3):417-428.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 31. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         Chantrill LA, Nagrial AM, Watson C, et al. Precision medicine for advanced pancreas cancer:the individualized molecular pancreatic cancer therapy (IMPaCT) trial. Clin Cancer Res, 2015, 21(9):2029-2037.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 32. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         Pauli C, Puca L, Emerling B, et al. Development of patient derived tumor organoids to guide precision medicine. Modern Pathol, 2016, 29:458A-459A.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 33. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         Baker LA, Tiriac H, Clevers H, Tuveson DA. Modeling Pancreatic Cancer with Organoids. Trends Cancer. 2016, 2(4):176-190.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 34. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         Astashkina A, Grainger DW. Critical analysis of 3-D organoid in vitro cell culture models for high-throughput drug candidate toxicity assessments. Adv Drug Deliv Rev, 2014, 69-70:1-18.
				                                                                 | 
				                                                            
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 35. | 
				                                                                				                                                                       
				                                                                         Neal JT, Kuo CJ. Organoids as models for neoplastic transformation. Annu Rev Pathol, 2016, 11:199-220.
				                                                                 |